Testosterone Therapy and Risk of Recurrence After Treatment for Prostate Cancer

Evidence-Based Answer: Men with symptomatic androgen deprivation who have had clinically curative treatment for organ-confined prostate cancer may have symptomatic improvement with testosterone replacement therapy. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on two small case series.) There are no studies evaluating the risk of cancer recurrence in patients receiving testosterone replacement therapy. However, testosterone replacement therapy may be associated with increased prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. (SOR: C, based on one case report.) Some men discontinue therapy because their symptoms do not improve. (SOR: C, based on a small case series.

Interaction-induced chaos in a two-electron quantum-dot system

A quasi-one-dimensional quantum dot containing two interacting electrons is analyzed in search of signatures of chaos. The two-electron energy spectrum is obtained by diagonalization of the Hamiltonian including the exact Coulomb interaction. We find that the level-spacing fluctuations follow closely a Wigner-Dyson distribution, which indicates the emergence of quantum signatures of chaos due to the Coulomb interaction in an otherwise non-chaotic system. In general, the Poincar\'e maps of a classical analog of this quantum mechanical problem can exhibit a mixed classical dynamics. However, for the range of energies involved in the present system, the dynamics is strongly chaotic, aside from small regular regions. The system we study models a realistic semiconductor nanostructure, with electronic parameters typical of gallium arsenide.Comment: 4 pages, 3ps figure

Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity relations in passive and star-forming galaxies from SPH-cosmological simulations

We present results from SPH-cosmological simulations, including self-consistent modelling of SN feedback and chemical evolution, of galaxies belonging to two clusters and twelve groups. We reproduce the mass-metallicity (ZM) relation of galaxies classified in two samples according to their star-forming activity, as parametrized by their sSFR, across a redshift range up to z=2. Its slope shows irrelevant evolution in the passive sample, being steeper in groups than in clusters. However, the sub-sample of high-mass passive galaxies only is characterized by a steep increase of the slope with redshift, from which it can be inferred that the bulk of the slope evolution of the ZM relation is driven by the more massive passive objects. (...ABRIDGED...) The ZM relation for the star-forming sample reveals an increasing scatter with redshift, indicating that it is still being built at early epochs. The star-forming galaxies make up a tight sequence in the SFR-M_* plane at high redshift, whose scatter increases with time alongside with the consolidation of the passive sequence. We also confirm the anti-correlation between sSFR and stellar mass, pointing at a key role of the former in determining the galaxy downsizing, as the most significant means of diagnostics of the star formation efficiency. Likewise, an anti-correlation between sSFR and metallicity can be established for the star-forming galaxies, while on the contrary more active galaxies in terms of simple SFR are also metal-richer. We discuss these results in terms of the mechanisms driving the evolution within the high- and low-mass regimes at different epochs: mergers, feedback-driven outflows and the intrinsic variation of the star formation efficiency.Comment: Emended list of author

Las competencias específicas delineadas por el proyecto Tuning Amercia Latina (PTAL) y la formación de los estudiantes de educación de la UANL

En los últimos años, las competencias laborales han resurgido como una temática de cambio en la formación de los profesionistas; las universidades han modificado sus currículos para satisfacer las necesidades requeridas en el mercado laboral global. La Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) no es la excepción y se planteó como meta el cambio de los planes de estudios. A partir de las tendencias mundiales, nacionales y locales, surgió la inquietud de comparar, analizar y contrastar las competencias específicas de la carrera de educación de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (FFyL) de la UANL con las planteadas por el Programa Tuning en América Latina (PTAL) en Educación buscando la percepción que tienen los estudiantes. En este trabajo, que forma parte de una investigación mayor, se analizan algunos datos referenciales arrojados por un cuestionario aplicado a 100 estudiantes respecto a la percepción que tienen de su formación en competencias y lo establecido por el capítulo de Educación del PTAL

Context-Aware Semantic Association Ranking

Discovering complex and meaningful relationships, which we call Semantic Associations, is an important challenge. Just as ranking of documents is a critical component of today\u27s search engines, ranking of relationships will be essential in tomorrow\u27s semantic search engines that would support discovery and mining of the Semantic Web. Building upon our recent work on specifying types of Semantic Associations in RDF graphs, which are possible to create through semantic metadata extraction and annotation, we discuss a framework where ranking techniques can be used to identify more interesting and more relevant Semantic Associations. Our techniques utilize alternative ways of specifying the context using ontology. This enables capturing users\u27 interests more precisely and better quality results in relevance ranking

Desertification

IPCC SPECIAL REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND LAND (SRCCL) Chapter 3: Climate Change and Land: An IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystem

Helechos y licofitos de la Reserva Natural Educativa Colonia Benítez (Chaco, Argentina)

The Educational Nature Reserve of Colonia Benítez comprises approximately 8 ha and is located in the department of Primero de Mayo of the Chaco Province, Argentina. This protected area occurs within the Chaco Oriental District of the Chaco phytogeographic province. The main aims of the present study were to realize an inventory of ferns and lycophytes and provide a key to identify all the taxa present in the reserve. We analyzed the collections deposited at the herbarium CTES and collected new specimens. A total of 12 genera and 17 species were recorded. Doryopterisis the best represented genus with three species: D. concolor, D. lorentzii and D. pentagona. Three genera included two species: Adiantopsis(Ad. chlorophylla and Ad. tweediana), Anemia(An. simplicior and An. tomentosavar. anthriscifolia), and Pteris(P. denticulatavar. tristiculaand P. vittata). The remaining genera included only one species: Adiantum lorentzii, Anogramma chaerophylla, Azolla cristata, Hemionitis tomentosa, Microgramma vaccinifolia, Pityrogramma calomelanosvar. calomelanos, Pleopeltis minima, and Selaginella sellowii. The terrestrial habit was the best represented with 12 species, one of which was rupicolous and other three were facultative or accidental epiphytes. Only two taxa were strict epiphytes. Azolla cristatawas the only aquatic species recorded in the area. Ecological observations and biogeographical analyses are provided for the recorded species.La Reserva Natural Educativa Colonia Benítez cuenta con una superficie aproximada de ocho ha, está ubicada en el departamento Primero de Mayo, en la provincia del Chaco, Argentina. Desde el punto de vista fitogeográfico, esta área protegida se localiza dentro del Distrito Chaqueño Oriental de la Provincia Chaqueña. Como objetivos de este trabajo se planteó realizar un inventario de helechos y licofitos y una clave para el reconocimiento de los taxa que crecen en esta reserva. A tal fin, se examinaron las colecciones depositadas en CTES, y se realizaron nuevas recolecciones de especímenes. Se registraron 12 géneros con un total de 17 especies, siendo Doryopteris el género mejor representado con tres especies: D. concolor, D. lorentzii y D. pentagona. El género Adiantopsis presentó dos especies (A. chlorophylla y A. tweediana), al igual que Anemia con (A. simplicior y A. tomentosa var. anthriscifolia) y Pteris (Pteris denticulata var. tristicula y Pteris vittata). Los demás géneros presentaron sólo una especie: Adiantum lorentzii, Anogramma chaerophylla, Azolla cristata, Hemionitis tomentosa, Microgramma vaccinifolia, Pityrogramma calomelanos var. calomelanos, Pleopeltis minima y Selaginella sellowii. El hábito terrícola fue el mejor representado con 12 especies, de las cuales una de ellas es rupícola y otras tres se pueden comportar como epífitos facultativos, en tanto que los estrictamente epífitos fueron representados por sólo dos especies. Azolla cristata fue la única especie acuática presente. Se presentan observaciones ecológicas y un análisis biogeográfico de las especies registrada