Picture Quality and Sound Quality of OLED TVs

Unlike the past when cathode-ray tube (CRT) dominated display industry, many different types of flat panel displays (FPDs) are now leading the industry. Of these, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display has recently become a next-generation display since this display is recognised as having advantages over other competing technologies in picture quality and form factor. With major attributes of picture quality considered, a series of evaluations based on objective measures was performed with an OLED TV compared to an LCD TV. OLED TV outperformed LCD TV 100 times in black, 20 times in colour contrast, 30% in dynamic range coverage, 50 times in local contrast and 20 times in viewing angle. In addition, sound quality of the OLED TV was assessed using both objective and subjective evaluation methods compared to conventional TV speakers since OLED panel speaker technology was recently commercialised. The OLED panel speaker showed better performance both in objective and subjective methods

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension

25th annual computational neuroscience meeting: CNS-2016

The same neuron may play different functional roles in the neural circuits to which it belongs. For example, neurons in the Tritonia pedal ganglia may participate in variable phases of the swim motor rhythms [1]. While such neuronal functional variability is likely to play a major role the delivery of the functionality of neural systems, it is difficult to study it in most nervous systems. We work on the pyloric rhythm network of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) [2]. Typically network models of the STG treat neurons of the same functional type as a single model neuron (e.g. PD neurons), assuming the same conductance parameters for these neurons and implying their synchronous firing [3, 4]. However, simultaneous recording of PD neurons shows differences between the timings of spikes of these neurons. This may indicate functional variability of these neurons. Here we modelled separately the two PD neurons of the STG in a multi-neuron model of the pyloric network. Our neuron models comply with known correlations between conductance parameters of ionic currents. Our results reproduce the experimental finding of increasing spike time distance between spikes originating from the two model PD neurons during their synchronised burst phase. The PD neuron with the larger calcium conductance generates its spikes before the other PD neuron. Larger potassium conductance values in the follower neuron imply longer delays between spikes, see Fig. 17.Neuromodulators change the conductance parameters of neurons and maintain the ratios of these parameters [5]. Our results show that such changes may shift the individual contribution of two PD neurons to the PD-phase of the pyloric rhythm altering their functionality within this rhythm. Our work paves the way towards an accessible experimental and computational framework for the analysis of the mechanisms and impact of functional variability of neurons within the neural circuits to which they belong

Effect of fuel temperature on flame characteristics of supersonic turbulent combustion

A comprehensive numerical study is undertaken to investigate the dynamics of hydrogen-air supersonic turbulent flames in a shear coaxial configuration. The effects of fuel temperature on the flow and flame characteristics are examined systematically. The numerical methodology is based on a hybrid RANS/LES model for compressible, multi-species flows with finite-rate chemical reactions. Results from simulations employing different levels of grid resolution and numerical schemes are compared and validated against experimental data. The importance of adequate grid resolution and high-order numerical schemes to achieve high-fidelity prediction of fine-scale flow features is underscored. In particular, the multi-dimensional high-order oMLP scheme shows remarkable pre-diction capabilities without incurring excessive computational cost. The lifted turbulent flame characteristics with combustion occurring mostly in a premixed mode downstream after turbulent mixing in the shear layer are identified and elaborated. A parametric study is subsequently performed to investigate the effect of fuel tem-perature. It is found that the combustion regime changes from partially-premixed to non-premixed mode as the fuel temperature is increased. The flame width and combustion efficiency increase with increasing fuel tem-perature, due to the enhancement of mixing following the reduced convective Mach number. The most promi-nent effect of fuel temperature is the reduction of flame length, a crucial factor for the design of supersonic combustors.N

Numerical Simulation of a GH2/LOx Single Injector Combustor and the Effect of the Turbulent Schmidt Number

A large-eddy simulation (LES) of a gaseous hydrogen/liquid oxygen (GH2/LOX) single-injector rocket combustor is performed in this study. The Redlich–Kwong–Peng–Robinson (RK–PR) equation of state is used to simulate the real-gas effect under high-pressure conditions, and the steady laminar flamelet model (SLFM) is implemented to simulate fast chemistry, such as a H2/O2 reaction. From the numerical simulation, the characteristics of time-averaged flow and flame fields are obtained, and their relationship with the real-gas effect is investigated. It is possible to investigate unsteady flame features and the mixing mechanism of propellants in detail by examining multiple snapshots of the field contour. Another purpose of the study is to investigate the differences in flow and flame structures according to the variation in the turbulent Schmidt number. By comparing the simulation result with the natural OH* emission image and temperature profiles from experimental data, the appropriate range of the turbulent Schmidt number for the simulation is obtained. Furthermore, this paper suggests the usefulness and validity of the current research by quantitatively comparing (i.e., temperature profiles) numerical results with those of existing literature

Magnetic quasi-atomic electrons driven reversible structural and magnetic transitions between electride and its hydrides

Abstract In electrides, interstitial anionic electrons (IAEs) in the quantized energy levels at cavities of positively charged lattice framework possess their own magnetic moment and interact with each or surrounding cations, behaving as quasi-atoms and inducing diverse magnetism. Here, we report the reversible structural and magnetic transitions by the substitution of the quasi-atomic IAEs in the ferromagnetic two-dimensional [Gd2C]2+·2e− electride with hydrogens and subsequent dehydrogenation of the canted antiferromagnetic Gd2CHy (y > 2.0). It is demonstrated that structural and magnetic transitions are strongly coupled by the presence or absence of the magnetic quasi-atomic IAEs and non-magnetic hydrogen anions in the interlayer space, which dominate exchange interactions between out-of-plane Gd−Gd atoms. Furthermore, the magnetic quasi-atomic IAEs are inherently conserved by the hydrogen desorption from the P $$\bar{3}$$ 3 ¯   1m structured Gd2CHy, restoring the original ferromagnetic state of the R $$\bar{3}$$ 3 ¯ m structured [Gd2C]2+·2e− electride. This variable density of magnetic quasi-atomic IAEs enables the quantum manipulation of floating electron phases on the electride surface