Woyzeck a prérin

Jelen tanu lmány a The Handspring Puppet Company Woyzeck on the Highveld című bábelőadását értelmezi a színházi interkulturalitás szempontjából. A különböző befogadói attitűdök, kiemelve az előadás magyar, 2011 - es bemutatóját összevethetők a klasszikus dráma befogadá sának történetiségével

Comparison of anaerobic degradation processes for bioenergy generation from liquid fraction of pressed solid waste

A novel substrate (obtained from biofraction of municipal solid waste by pressing and called LPW) rich in organic substances was used in three anaerobic degradation processes (biogas, biohydrogen fermentation and microbial fuel cells) to comparatively assess their feasibility for energy recovery. It has turned out that all the processes have successfully degraded that substrate and produced energy carriers (methane and hydrogen) as well as bioelectricity. The maximum energy yields (J g-1 CODremoved day-1) and associated COD removal capacities were 255, 200, 2.8 and 46, 52 and 72 % for biohydrogen, biogas and microbial fuel cell, respectively. The outcomes suggested the prominence of biohydrogen process for simultaneous waste treatment and energy recovery from LPWunder the test conditions ensured. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

Kosztolányi színpadi művei: Tanulmányok

DOBOS ISTVÁN: Színmű és regény viszonya Kosztolányi életművében; TAKÁCS LÁSZLÓ: Odüsszeusz útja: Adalékok Kosztolányi mesejátékának keletkezéstörténetéhez; SZILÁGYI ZSÓFIA: „A közönség semmit sem vesz észre”: (Patália); BENGI LÁSZLÓ: Párbeszéd és mérték; GYŐREI ZSOLT: Rímjáték a novelláskötetben: a Csoda a műnemek hármasútján; DOBÁS KATA: Néhány kérdés Kosztolányi Dezső Kanári című darabjával kapcsolatban; PINTÉR BORBÁLA: Mi a színpad? Kosztolányi Dezső Dialóg című verses jelenetéről; PARÁDI ANDREA: „Az igazi varázsló”: A bábjátékos keletkezéstörténetéről; ZÁKÁNY TÓTH PÉTER: Szakralizáció és de(és/vagy re)szakralizáció: Kosztolányi Dezső: Lucifer a katedrán; BUCSICS KATALIN: Kosztolányi Dezső: A kékruhás: A fiatal Kosztolányi Reviczky-képéhez; HUTVÁGNER ÉVA: „egy lyukas lavór védelme alatt”: Kosztolányi Dezső: A lovag meg a kegyence versus Kosztolányi Dezső A lovag meg a kegyese; VARGA KINGA: Leszármazások: Az Édes Anna néhány színpadi szövegkönyvéről: (A Lakatos László-, a Felkai Ferenc- és a Harag György-féle változat)

Kosztolányi nemzedéke és a háború (1914--1918)

SZEGEDY-MASZÁK MIHÁLY Az első világháború a prózairodalomban * DOBOS ISTVÁN Történelem és retorika – Kosztolányi háborús írásai a zsidóságról – * BUCSICS KATALIN Két pékről – Kosztolányi történelemszemléletéhez * FAGYAS RÓBERT „Menj haza gyermekem és halj meg az álomban” Kosztolányi Dezső Beteg lelkek című, 1912-ben megjelent kötetének olvasati lehetőségei az első világháború idején keletkezett Pokol című novella tükrében * GYŐREI ZSOLT „Anno 1916” Kabaré a világháborúban – Kosztolányi a kabaréban * HUTVÁGNER ÉVA Emberek és automaták a Káin kötetében (Kosztolányi Dezső A szörny című bábjátékáról) * PINTÉR BORBÁLA A személyiség önazonosságának kérdése Kosztolányi Dezső Káin kötetének novelláiban * TAKÁCS LÁSZLÓ Kosztolányi és a császárok * BALOGH GERGELY Antropológia, technicitás, nyelv és irodalom Karinthy Frigyes: Utazás Faremidóba * BORBÁS ANDREA „Akadozott lélegzetvételek” – Az Ady-líra és -próza beszédmódjai az első világháborús cenzúra szorításában * BUDA ATTILA Ambrus Zoltán háborús jegyzetei a Nyugat-ban (1915–1917) * KELEVÉZ ÁGNES „Azon a napon derékba törve, kétfelé oszlik az életem” Babits és a háború vihara * MOLNÁR ESZTER EDINA „… főbe lövöm magam, hogy elkerüljem a halálra kínoztatást…” Csáth Géza halálhoz való viszonya az első világháború vonatkozásában * SULYOK BERNADETT Tersánszky Józsi Jenő első világháborús élményeinek megjelenése primer és szekunder szinten, levelezésében és három regényében * VARGA KINGA A háború, mint kötetkompozíciós tényező Kaffka Margit és Szép Ernő I. világháború alatt megjelent köteteiben * VERES MIKLÓS Egy új világháborútól a tökéletes társadalomig – Az első világháború hatása a hazai utópisztikus és sci-fi irodalomra * Képmellékle

The miR-144/451 locus is required for erythroid homeostasis.

The process of erythropoiesis must be efficient and robust to supply the organism with red bloods cells both under condition of homeostasis and stress. The microRNA (miRNA) pathway was recently shown to regulate erythroid development. Here, we show that expression of the locus encoding miR-144 and miR-451 is strictly dependent on Argonaute 2 and is required for erythroid homeostasis. Mice deficient for the miR-144/451 cluster display a cell autonomous impairment of late erythroblast maturation, resulting in erythroid hyperplasia, splenomegaly, and a mild anemia. Analysis of gene expression profiles from wild-type and miR-144/451-deficient erythroblasts revealed that the miR-144/451 cluster acts as a "tuner" of gene expression, influencing the expression of many genes. MiR-451 imparts a greater impact on target gene expression than miR-144. Accordingly, mice deficient in miR-451 alone exhibited a phenotype indistinguishable from miR-144/451-deficient mice. Thus, the miR-144/451 cluster tunes gene expression to impart a robustness to erythropoiesis that is critical under conditions of stress

Labeled microRNA pull-down assay system: an experimental approach for high-throughput identification of microRNA-target mRNAs

We developed a simple, direct and cost-effective approach to search for the most likely target genes of a known microRNA (miRNA) in vitro. We term this method ‘labeled miRNA pull-down (LAMP)’ assay system. Briefly, the pre-miRNA is labeled with digoxigenin (DIG), mixed with cell extracts and immunoprecipitated by anti-DIG antiserum. When the DIG-labeled miRNA and bound mRNA complex are obtained, the total cDNAs are then subcloned and sequenced, or RT–PCR-amplified, to search for the putative target genes of a known miRNA. After successfully identifying the known target genes of Caenorhabditis elegans miRNAs lin-4 and let-7 and zebrafish let-7, we applied LAMP to find the unknown target gene of zebrafish miR-1, which resulted in the identification of hand2. We then confirmed hand2 as a novel target gene of miR-1 by whole-mount in situ hybridization and luciferase reporter gene assay. We further validated this target gene by microarray analysis, and the results showed that hand2 is the top-scoring among 302 predicted putative target genes. We concluded that LAMP is an experimental approach for high-throughput identification of the target gene of known miRNAs from both C. elegans and zebrafish, yielding fewer false positive results than those produced by using only the bioinformatics approach

Gene Regulation in Giardia lambia Involves a Putative MicroRNA Derived from a Small Nucleolar RNA

Two core microRNA (miRNA) pathway proteins, Dicer and Argonaute, are found in Giardia lamblia, a deeply branching parasitic protozoan. There are, however, no apparent homologues of Drosha or Exportin5 in the genome. Here, we report a 26 nucleotide (nt) RNA derived from a 106 nt Box C/D snoRNA, GlsR2. This small RNA, designated miR5, localizes to the 3′ end of GlsR2 and has a 75 nt hairpin precursor. GlsR2 is processed by the Dicer from Giardia (GlDcr) and generated miR5. Immunoprecipitation of the Argonaute from Giardia (GlAgo) brought down miR5. When a Renilla Luciferase transcript with a 26 nt miR5 antisense sequence at the 3′-untranslated region (3′ UTR) was introduced into Giardia trophozoites, Luciferase expression was reduced ∼25% when synthetic miR5 was also introduced. The Luciferase mRNA level remained, however, unchanged, suggesting translation repression by miR5. This inhibition was fully reversed by introducing also a 2′-O-methylated antisense inhibitor of miR5, suggesting that miR5 acts by interacting specifically with the antisense sequence in the mRNA. A partial antisense knock down of GlDcr or GlAgo in Giardia indicated that the former is needed for miR5 biogenesis whereas the latter is required for miR5-mediated translational repression. Potential targets for miR5 with canonical seed sequences were predicted bioinformatically near the stop codon of Giardia mRNAs. Four out of the 21 most likely targets were tested in the Luciferase reporter assay. miR5 was found to inhibit Luciferase expression (∼20%) of transcripts carrying these potential target sites, indicating that snoRNA-derived miRNA can regulate the expression of multiple genes in Giardia

Expanding the MicroRNA Targeting Code: Functional Sites with Centered Pairing

Most metazoan microRNA (miRNA) target sites have perfect pairing to the seed region, located near the miRNA 5′ end. Although pairing to the 3′ region sometimes supplements seed matches or compensates for mismatches, pairing to the central region has been known to function only at rare sites that impart Argonaute-catalyzed mRNA cleavage. Here, we present “centered sites,” a class of miRNA target sites that lack both perfect seed pairing and 3′-compensatory pairing and instead have 11–12 contiguous Watson-Crick pairs to the center of the miRNA. Although centered sites can impart mRNA cleavage in vitro (in elevated Mg[superscript 2+]), in cells they repress protein output without consequential Argonaute-catalyzed cleavage. Our study also identified extensively paired sites that are cleavage substrates in cultured cells and human brain. This expanded repertoire of cleavage targets and the identification of the centered site type help explain why central regions of many miRNAs are evolutionarily conserved.National Institutes of Health (U.S.)Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation. Fellowship Awar

Mammalian microRNAs predominantly act to decrease target mRNA levels

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous ~22-nucleotide RNAs that mediate important gene-regulatory events by pairing to the mRNAs of protein-coding genes to direct their repression. Repression of these regulatory targets leads to decreased translational efficiency and/or decreased mRNA levels, but the relative contributions of these two outcomes have been largely unknown, particularly for endogenous targets expressed at low-to-moderate levels. Here, we use ribosome profiling to measure the overall effects on protein production and compare these to simultaneously measured effects on mRNA levels. For both ectopic and endogenous miRNA regulatory interactions, lowered mRNA levels account for most (≥84%) of the decreased protein production. These results show that changes in mRNA levels closely reflect the impact of miRNAs on gene expression and indicate that destabilization of target mRNAs is the predominant reason for reduced protein output.National Institutes of Health (U.S.

Both Strands of siRNA Have Potential to Guide Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing in Mammalian Cells

Despite the widespread application of RNA interference (RNAi) as a research tool for diverse purposes, the key step of strand selection of siRNAs during the formation of RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) remains poorly understood. Here, using siRNAs targeted to the complementary region of Survivin and the effector protease receptor 1 (EPR-1), we show that both strands of the siRNA duplex can find their target mRNA and are equally eligible for assembly into Argonaute 2 (Ago2) of RISC in HEK293 cells. Transfection of the synthetic siRNA duplexes with different thermodynamic profiles or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) vectors that generate double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), permitting processing specifically from either the 5′ or 3′ end of the incipient siRNA, results in the degradation of the respective target mRNAs of either strand of the siRNA duplex with comparable efficiencies. Thus, while most RNAi reactions may follow the thermodynamic asymmetry rule in strand selection, our study suggests an exceptional mode for certain siRNAs in which both strands of the duplex are competent in sponsoring RNAi, and implies additional factors that might dictate the RNAi targets