ĐỀ XUẤT ĐIỀU CHỈNH CẤU TRÚC DỮ LIỆU CỦA CƠ SỞ DỮ LIỆU TÀI NGUYÊN, MÔI TRƯỜNG BIỂN VÀ HẢI ĐẢO QUỐC GIA

Recognising the limitations encountered during the operation of the national database of resources, environment of seas and islands, the article proposed to adjust the data structure of this database aiming at easily updating, managing and distributing the existing data as well as new data, improving the quality and reliability of the data but not disturbing the status quo. This adjustment has not only been established in accordance with other maritime countries and international institutions of marine data, but also taken into account the characteristics of the data and the current management model of Vietnam. This proposal aimed at completing national database of resources, environment of seas and islands, making it more dynamic, easily updated and manageable with important, diversified and abundant data sources, in natural resources, marine and island environment of Vietnam, being worthy of a national database. The proposal is the result of the Cooperation Protocol with the United States “Researches on building database, standards, and documentation in the sea of Vietnam” of Vietnam Ocean Data and Information Center (VODIC).Nhìn nhận những hạn chế đang gặp phải trong quá trình vận hành khai thác cơ sở dữ liệu tài nguyên, môi trường biển và hải đảo quốc gia, bài viết đề xuất điều chỉnh cấu trúc dữ liệu cho cơ sở dữ liệu này với mục tiêu dễ dàng cập nhật, quản lý và phân phối các dữ liệu đã có và nhiều dữ liệu mới, nâng cao chất lượng, độ tin cậy của số liệu nhưng không làm xáo trộn hiện trạng. Điều chỉnh này cũng phù hợp với cách làm hiện tại của nhiều quốc gia biển và các tổ chức dữ liệu biển quốc tế, và có tính đến sự đặc thù về dữ liệu và mô hình quản lý hiện tại của Việt Nam. Đề xuất này nhằm hoàn thiện cơ sở dữ liệu tài nguyên, môi trường biển và hải đảo quốc gia có tính năng động hơn, dễ dàng cập nhật quản lý được nhiều nguồn số liệu quan trọng, đa dạng và phong phú về tài nguyên, môi trường biển và hải đảo Việt Nam, xứng tầm của một cơ sở dữ liệu quốc gia. Đề xuất là kết quả nghiên cứu của nhiệm vụ hợp tác theo nghị định thư với Hoa Kỳ, “Nghiên cứu xây dựng cơ sở dữ liệu, chuẩn dữ liệu và tài liệu các vùng biển Việt Nam” của Trung tâm Thông tin, dữ liệu biển và hải đảo

A Novel Explainable Artificial Intelligence Model in Image Classification problem

In recent years, artificial intelligence is increasingly being applied widely in many different fields and has a profound and direct impact on human life. Following this is the need to understand the principles of the model making predictions. Since most of the current high-precision models are black boxes, neither the AI scientist nor the end-user deeply understands what's going on inside these models. Therefore, many algorithms are studied for the purpose of explaining AI models, especially those in the problem of image classification in the field of computer vision such as LIME, CAM, GradCAM. However, these algorithms still have limitations such as LIME's long execution time and CAM's confusing interpretation of concreteness and clarity. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new method called Segmentation - Class Activation Mapping (SeCAM) that combines the advantages of these algorithms above, while at the same time overcoming their disadvantages. We tested this algorithm with various models, including ResNet50, Inception-v3, VGG16 from ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC) data set. Outstanding results when the algorithm has met all the requirements for a specific explanation in a remarkably concise time.Comment: Published in the Proceedings of FAIC 202

US-China rivalry in Southeast Asia region: a study on the South China Sea case

Southeast Asia is one of the places where fierce rivalry is taking place between the two leading powers in the world today - the US and China. The US-China rivalry in this region takes place in key fields, from politics - diplomacy, economy, security - defense to "soft power", the most prominent of which is the South China Sea issue. This article analyzes the strategic importance of the South China Sea in the policy of the US and China, the competition between the US and China in Southeast Asia in general, and the South China Sea in particular. To achieve this goal, the authors use research methods in international relations to analyze the main issues of the study. In addition to reviewing previous scholarly research and reviews, the authors use a comparative approach to assess the interactions between theory and data. The authors believe the data is important for accurately assessing the strategic competition between the US and China in Southeast Asia and the South China Sea. The rise of China in the early years of the XXI century strongly influenced the adjustment of the US policy in Southeast Asia and the powerful US-China rivalry in this region and the South China Sea. This rivalry is becoming increasingly complicated, and geopolitical conflicts between major powers are possible in the following years

Adoptive NK Cell Therapy - a Beacon of Hope in Multiple Myeloma Treatment

Major advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) have been achieved by effective new agents such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, or monoclonal antibodies. Despite significant progress, MM remains still incurable and, recently, cellular immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment for relapsed/refractory MM. The emergence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology has transformed immunotherapy by enhancing the antitumor functions of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, leading to effective control of hematologic malignancies. Recent advancements in gene delivery to NK cells have paved the way for the clinical application of CAR-NK cell therapy. CAR-NK cell therapy strategies have demonstrated safety, tolerability, and substantial efficacy in treating B cell malignancies in various clinical settings. However, their effectiveness in eliminating MM remains to be established. This review explores multiple approaches to enhance NK cell cytotoxicity, persistence, expansion, and manufacturing processes, and highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with CAR-NK cell therapy against MM. By shedding light on these aspects, this review aims to provide valuable insights into the potential of CAR-NK cell therapy as a promising approach for improving the treatment outcomes of MM patients

Efficacy of a high potency O1 Manisa monovalent vaccine against heterologous challenge with a FMDV O Mya98 lineage virus in pigs 4 and 7 days post vaccination

Early protection with a high potency (>6PD50) foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) O1 Manisa (Middle-EastSouth Asia lineage) vaccine against challenge with O/VIT/2010 (O Mya98 lineage) was tested in pigs. Only two pigs that were vaccinated seven days prior to challenge had any demonstrable antibodies as a result of vaccination at the time of challenge. However, 80% and 60% of pigs that were vaccinated seven and four days prior to coronary band challenge were protected. Vaccination significantly reduced the amount of virus excreted in nasal swabs, saliva and faeces compared to unvaccinated and infected controls. Virus and viral RNA could be detected in some pigs until termination of the experiment 14 days after challenge.Antibodies to the non-structural proteins (NSP) were detected in only one pig that was challenged four days post vaccination (dpv) and transiently in two pigs that were challenged seven dpv at only one timepoint. For each vaccine and control group, a group of unvaccinated pigs were kept in the same room but with no direct contact with the infected pigs to determine whether vaccination prevented transmission. Despite the presence of live virus and viral RNA in these indirect contact pigs, the groups in contact with the vaccinated and infected pigs did not develop clinical signs nor did they sero-convert. Contact pigs in the same room as unvaccinated challenged controls did show signs of disease and virus infection that resulted in sero-conversion to the NSP. A breach of the wall that separated the two groups at nine days post challenge might have contributed to this finding. This study showed that high potency vaccine can provide protection to pigs soon after vaccination and that aerosol transmission within rooms is a rare event.Funding was provided in part by the livestock industries in Australia through Animal Health Australia. The AHA funds are matched through the Meat and Livestock Australia Donor Company by the Australian Government under MLA Project P.PSH 0652.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/vaccinehb201

Mapping inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries, 2000–2018

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) of ≥70% EBF prevalence by 2030. While six LMICs are projected to meet the WHO GNT of ≥70% EBF prevalence at a national scale, only three are predicted to meet the target in all their district-level units by 2030

Geometrically nonlinear isogeometric analysis of functionally graded microplates with the modified couple stress theory

In this study, a new and efficient computational approach based on isogeometric analysis (IGA) and refined plate theory (RPT) is proposed for the geometrically nonlinear analysis of functionally graded (FG) microplates. While the microplates’ size-dependent effects are efficiently captured by a simple modified couple stress theory (MCST) with only one length scale parameter, the four-unknown RPT is employed to establish the displacement fields which are eventually used to derive the nonlinear von Kámán strains. The NURBS-based isogeometric analysis is used to construct high-continuity elements, which is essentially required in the modified couple stress and refined plate theories, before the iterative Newton-Raphson algorithm is employed to solve the nonlinear problems. The successful convergence and comparison studies as well as benchmark results of the nonlinear analysis of FG microplates ascertain the validity and reliability of the proposed approach. In addition, a number of studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of material length scale, material and geometrical parameters on the nonlinear bending behaviours of microplates

Urban staycation attraction factors: a case study of Ho Chi Minh city

The attractiveness of a city is an issue that has received much attention from scholars, regulators and authorities. In terms of a built environment, many attempts have been made to build an attractive city with its own identity through pattern language and form language; however, these languages are developed based on the language of geometry and on how human beings interact with their surrounding environment. Meanwhile, multiple studies on the factors that create motivation to attract visitors to a certain place (e.g. motivation theory) also identified the factors that makes a city attractive, but such studies are still general, incomplete, and only focus on the perspective of tourists. This research builds a system of factors that contributes to urban attractiveness from the perspective of both visitors and residents, through qualitative research methods such as Group Focused Discussion, In-depth Interview and Capture Evaluation Method Survey. The research findings discovered many more factors that affect urban attractiveness and then built nine Conceptual categories of Urban staycation Attraction Factors with 141 factors. The nine main categories are (1) Architectural and Built Environment, (2) Natural, (3) Works of Art and Humanity, (4) Folklore, (5) Community Civilization, (6) Green & Blue Infrastructure, (7) Sense of Place, (8) Services, and (9) Other. Moreover, the research also determined 134 factors that contribute to the attractiveness of Ho Chi Minh City and proposed an additional six important groups of factors that need to be developed to improve urban quality. These findings play an important role in supporting regulators, authorities, urban planners, designers, and tourism and cultural managers to enhance quality of urban life, then create an attractive urban environment for both tourists and local residents