Age- and wavelength-dependency of drosophila larval phototaxis and behavioral responses to natural lighting conditions

Animals use various environmental cues as key determinant for their behavioral decisions. Visual systems are hereby responsible to translate light-dependent stimuli into neuronal encoded information. Even though the larval eyes of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster are comparably simple, they comprise two types of photoreceptor neurons (PRs), defined by different Rhodopsin genes expressed. Recent findings support that for light avoidance Rhodopsin5 (Rh5) expressing photoreceptors are crucial, while Rhodopsin6 (Rh6) expressing photoreceptors are dispensable under laboratory conditions. However, it remains debated how animals change light preference during larval live. We show that larval negative phototaxis is age-independent as it persists in larvae from foraging to wandering developmental stages. Moreover, if spectrally different Rhodopsins are employed for the detection of different wavelength of light remains unexplored. We found that negative phototaxis can be elicit by light with wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to green. This behavior is uniquely mediated by Rh5 expressing photoreceptors, and therefore suggest that this photoreceptor-type is able to perceive UV up to green light. In contrast to laboratory our field experiments revealed that Drosophila larvae uses both types of photoreceptors under natural lighting conditions. All our results, demonstrate that Drosophila larval eyes mediate avoidance of light stimuli with a wide, ecological relevant range of quantity (intensities) and quality (wavelengths). Thus, the two photoreceptor-types appear more likely to play a role in different aspects of phototaxis under natural lighting conditions, rather than color discrimination

Removal of Feral Cat Colonies from John F. Kennedy International Airport: Operational, Biological and Social Challenges

Feral cats (Felis catus) have been present at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) for approximately five years. Feral cats pose several zoonotic health risks, impact native wildlife, and interfere with airport operations. At the request of airport staff, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services conducted a cat-trapping effort between November 2007 and December 2008. Cats were live-trapped and surrendered to local animal control services where they were vaccinated, micro-chipped, and offered up for adoption. Due to the history of the colony, local cat advocacy groups expressed discontent with the removal efforts. The controversial removals draw attention to the need to provide safe travel and work environments while being mindful of public image. Based on the needs and sensitivity of the issue we review viable options for conducting similar removal efforts

Testing Similarity Effects with Dyadic Response Surface Analysis

Dyadic similarity effect hypotheses state that the (dis)similarity between dyad members (e.g. the similarity on a personality dimension) is related to a dyadic outcome variable (e.g. the relationship satisfaction of both partners). Typically, these hypotheses have been investigated by using difference scores or other profile similarity indices as predictors of the outcome variables. These approaches, however, have been vigorously criticized for their conceptual and statistical shortcomings. Here, we introduce a statistical method that is based on polynomial regression and addresses most of these shortcomings: dyadic response surface analysis. This model is tailored for similarity effect hypotheses and fully accounts for the dyadic nature of relationship data. Furthermore, we provide a tutorial with an illustrative example and reproducible R and Mplus scripts that should assist substantive researchers in precisely formulating, testing, and interpreting their dyadic similarity effect hypotheses

Best Management Practices for Corn Production in South Dakota: Corn Grain Harvest

Corn (grain) harvest can begin when grain moisture drops below 30%. However, most producers will allow corn to dry in the field until grain moisture is between 18 to 25%. Harvesting corn when grain moisture levels are high can result in excessive drying costs, kernel damage, and harvest loss from improper threshing. Allowing corn to stay in the field too long can result in excess harvest loss from stalk lodging, ear drop, or kernel shattering. An optimal harvest depends not only on the condition of the crop but also on the proper maintenance and adjustment of harvest and grain handling and drying equipment. This chapter provides guidance for assessing harvest losses and kernel damage to determine if equipment adjustment is necessary to minimize losses

Propagierung hämatopoetischer Stamm- und Vorläuferzellen mit Hilfe induzierbarer T-Zell-Faktoren und Identifizierung unbekannter mRNA-Spezies mittels der Differential Display Technik

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Successive requirement of Glass and Hazy for photoreceptor specification and maintenance in Drosophila

Development of the insect compound eye requires a highly controlled interplay between transcription factors. However, the genetic mechanisms that link early eye field specification to photoreceptor terminal differentiation and fate maintenance remain largely unknown. Here, we decipher the function of 2 transcription factors, Glass and Hazy, which play a central role during photoreceptor development. The regulatory interactions between Glass and Hazy suggest that they function together in a coherent feed-forward loop in all types of Drosophila photoreceptors. While the glass mutant eye lacks the expression of virtually all photoreceptor genes, young hazy mutants correctly express most phototransduction genes. Interestingly, the expression of these genes is drastically reduced in old hazy mutants. This age-dependent loss of the phototransduction cascade correlates with a loss of phototaxis in old hazy mutant flies. We conclude that Glass can either directly or indirectly initiate the expression of most phototransduction proteins in a Hazy-independent manner, and that Hazy is mainly required for the maintenance of functional photoreceptors in adult flies

The search for self and identity in bodily transformations

  Questo articolo cerca di analizzare i principali eventi e risultati del processo di costituzione dell'identità nell'ambito della teoria dello sviluppo emotivo di Winnicott. Per analizzare questo processo, ci basiamo sull'analisi del significato dato all'uso dei tatuaggi e di altre trasformazioni corporee nei casi in cui implicano cambiamenti che non sarebbero solo ornamenti della persona, ma hanno maggiore ampiezza e possono essere al servizio di ricerca della propria identità. Analizzando questo processo, commentiamo il seguente insieme di esperienze: quella dell'essere, senza predicato; quello dell'essere-con, associato ai fenomeni di transizione; quello di essere-diverso-da, possibile conquistando lo status dell'Io Sono; e quella di essere predicibile, quando l'individuo è arrivato all'integrazione come persona intera.   TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian     TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal BackCet article vise à analyser les principaux événements et réalisations du processus de constitution de l'identité dans le cadre de la théorie du développement émotionnel de Winnicott. Pour analyser ce processus, nous nous sommes basés sur l'analyse du sens donné à l'utilisation des tatouages et autres transformations corporelles dans les cas où ceux-ci impliquent des modifications qui ne seraient pas seulement des ornements de la personne, mais ont une plus grande amplitude et peuvent être à au service d'une recherche de l’identité personelle. En analysant ce processus, nous commentons l'ensemble d'expériences suivantes: celle d'être, sans prédicat (suis); celui de l'être-avec (suis-avec), associé aux phénomènes transitionnels; celle d'être-différent-de (je-suis-diferent-de), possible en accédant au statut (integation) du “Je” (Je Suis), se différenciant ainsi du monde; et je-suis-prédicable, lorsque l'individu atteint une intégration en tant que personne entière, et où la question de l'identité peut être posée en termes de l’énonce Je suis x (x est un prédicat du Je). TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian     TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal BackEste artículo busca analizar los principales acontecimientos y logros del proceso de constitución de la identidad en el marco de la teoría del desarrollo emocional de Winnicott. Es, en términos de camino o método, una propuesta de la teoría psicoanalítica aplicada a la comprensión de los fenómenos conductuales en el dominio público. Para analizar este proceso, nos apoyamos en el análisis del significado que se le da al uso de tatuajes y otras transformaciones corporales en los casos en que implican cambios que no serían solo adornos de la persona, sino que tienen mayor amplitud y pueden estar al servicio de una búsqueda de la propia identidad. Consideramos que la identidad, o un sentido de identidad, se asocia con el siguiente conjunto de experiencias: la del ser, sin predicado; la del ser-con, asociada a fenómenos transicionales; la del ser-diferente-de, posible conquistando el estatus del Yo Soy; y el de ser predecible, cuando el individuo llega a la integración como persona total. TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian     TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal BackThe purpose of this article is to analyze the main events and accomplishments of the identity constitution process according to Winnicott’s experience of the emotional development. It is, in terms of path, or method, a proposal of psychoanalytic theory applied to the understanding of behavioral phenomena in the public domain. To study this process, our analysis is based on the meaning given to the use of tattoos and other physical changes in cases involving modifications that are not merely adornments, they are more meaningful and part of the individual’s search of his own identity. We consider that identity, or a sense of identity, is associated with the following set of experiences: Am-ness, without predicate; Am-with, related to the transitional phenomena; I-Am-Diferent-From, when it is possible to accomplish the I AM status, differentiating oneself from the world; and I-Am-Predicable, when the individual reaches integration as a Whole Person, when it is possible to ask about the identity question: I am x (x is a predicate of the I).     TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian     TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal BackEste artigo procura analisar os principais acontecimentos e conquistas do processo de constituição da identidade no quadro da teoria do desenvolvimento emocional de Winnicott. Trata-se, em termos de caminho, ou método, de uma proposta de teoria psicanalítica aplicada à compreensão de fenômenos comportamentais de domínio público. Para analisarmos esse processo, apoiamo-nos na análise do sentido dado ao uso de tatuagens e de outras transformações corporais, nos casos em que estas implicam modificações que não seriam apenas adornos da pessoa, mas têm maior amplitude e podem estar a serviço de uma busca pela própria identidade. Consideramos que a identidade, ou sentimento de si mesmo identitário, está associada ao seguinte conjunto de experiências: a de ser, sem predicado; a de ser-com, associada aos fenômenos transicionais; a de ser-diferente-de, possível ao conquistar-se o status do eu sou; e a de ser-predicável, quando o indivíduo chegou à integração como uma pessoa inteira. TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian     TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Bac

A busca de si-mesmo e da identidade nas transformações corporais

Este artigo procura analisar os principais acontecimentos e conquistas do processo de constituição da identidade no quadro da teoria do desenvolvimento emocional de Winnicott. Trata-se, em termos de caminho, ou método, de uma proposta de teoria psicanalítica aplicada à compreensão de fenômenos comportamentais de domínio público. Para analisarmos esse processo, apoiamo-nos na análise do sentido dado ao uso de tatuagens e de outras transformações corporais, nos casos em que estas implicam modificações que não seriam apenas adornos da pessoa, mas têm maior amplitude e podem estar a serviço de uma busca pela própria identidade. Consideramos que a identidade, ou sentimento de si mesmo identitário, está associada ao seguinte conjunto de experiências: a de ser, sem predicado; a de ser-com, associada aos fenômenos transicionais; a de ser-diferente-de, possível ao conquistar-se o status do eu sou; e a de ser-predicável, quando o indivíduo chegou à integração como uma pessoa inteira. TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian     TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Bac