Bleeding Pseudocyst of the Pancreatic Head. The role of Omentoplasty and Local Hemostasis

Treatment of bleeding psedoaneurysms and pseudocysts of the pancreas is controversial. Surgical treatment with pancreatic resection or trancystic arterial ligation is not always satisfactory since postoperative mortality rate is high, especially for lesions located in the pancreatic head and rebleeding is not unusual. Two patients with bleeding pseudoaneurysms (one post traumatic, one spontaneous) and one with a hemorrhagic pseudocyst of the pancreatic head were treated surgically with arterial suture and omentoplasty. Bleeding was controlled in all, without any postoperative mortality or morbidity. No rebleeding occurred with a follow up of 33, 26 and 12 months. Trancystic ligation of bleeding vessels with omentoplasty may be a useful approach, which should be compared to arterial embolization in the future

Meta-analysis of SHANK Mutations in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Gradient of Severity in Cognitive Impairments.

International audienceSHANK genes code for scaffold proteins located at the post-synaptic density of glutamatergic synapses. In neurons, SHANK2 and SHANK3 have a positive effect on the induction and maturation of dendritic spines, whereas SHANK1 induces the enlargement of spine heads. Mutations in SHANK genes have been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but their prevalence and clinical relevance remain to be determined. Here, we performed a new screen and a meta-analysis of SHANK copy-number and coding-sequence variants in ASD. Copy-number variants were analyzed in 5,657 patients and 19,163 controls, coding-sequence variants were ascertained in 760 to 2,147 patients and 492 to 1,090 controls (depending on the gene), and, individuals carrying de novo or truncating SHANK mutations underwent an extensive clinical investigation. Copy-number variants and truncating mutations in SHANK genes were present in ∼1% of patients with ASD: mutations in SHANK1 were rare (0.04%) and present in males with normal IQ and autism; mutations in SHANK2 were present in 0.17% of patients with ASD and mild intellectual disability; mutations in SHANK3 were present in 0.69% of patients with ASD and up to 2.12% of the cases with moderate to profound intellectual disability. In summary, mutations of the SHANK genes were detected in the whole spectrum of autism with a gradient of severity in cognitive impairment. Given the rare frequency of SHANK1 and SHANK2 deleterious mutations, the clinical relevance of these genes remains to be ascertained. In contrast, the frequency and the penetrance of SHANK3 mutations in individuals with ASD and intellectual disability-more than 1 in 50-warrant its consideration for mutation screening in clinical practice

Do people living with HIV experience greater age advancement than their HIV-negative counterparts?

Objectives: Despite successful antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV (PLWH) may show signs of premature/accentuated aging. We compared established biomarkers of aging in PLWH, appropriately chosen HIV-negative individuals, and blood donors, and explored factors associated with biological age advancement. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of 134 PLWH on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, 79 lifestyle-comparable HIV-negative controls aged 45 years or older from the Co-mor- Bidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) cohort, and 35 age-matched blood donors. Methods: Biological age was estimated using a validated algorithm based on 10 biomarkers. Associations between ‘age advancement’ (biological minus chronological age) and HIV status/parameters, lifestyle, cytomegalovirus (CMV), hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections were investigated using linear regression. Results: The average (95% CI) age advancement was greater in both HIV-positive [13.2 (11.6–14.9) years] and HIV-negative [5.5 (3.8–7.2) years] COBRA participants compared with blood donors [7.0 (4.1 to 9.9) years, both P’s<0.001)], but also in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative participants (P<0.001). Chronic HBV, higher anti-CMV IgG titer and CD8þ T-cell count were each associated with increased age advancement, independently of HIV-status/group. Among HIV-positive participants, age advancement was increased by 3.5 (0.1–6.8) years among those with nadir CD4þ T-cell count less than 200 cells/ml and by 0.1 (0.06–0.2) years for each additional month of exposure to saquinavir

Effects of eight neuropsychiatric copy number variants on human brain structure

Many copy number variants (CNVs) confer risk for the same range of neurodevelopmental symptoms and psychiatric conditions including autism and schizophrenia. Yet, to date neuroimaging studies have typically been carried out one mutation at a time, showing that CNVs have large effects on brain anatomy. Here, we aimed to characterize and quantify the distinct brain morphometry effects and latent dimensions across 8 neuropsychiatric CNVs. We analyzed T1-weighted MRI data from clinically and non-clinically ascertained CNV carriers (deletion/duplication) at the 1q21.1 (n = 39/28), 16p11.2 (n = 87/78), 22q11.2 (n = 75/30), and 15q11.2 (n = 72/76) loci as well as 1296 non-carriers (controls). Case-control contrasts of all examined genomic loci demonstrated effects on brain anatomy, with deletions and duplications showing mirror effects at the global and regional levels. Although CNVs mainly showed distinct brain patterns, principal component analysis (PCA) loaded subsets of CNVs on two latent brain dimensions, which explained 32 and 29% of the variance of the 8 Cohen’s d maps. The cingulate gyrus, insula, supplementary motor cortex, and cerebellum were identified by PCA and multi-view pattern learning as top regions contributing to latent dimension shared across subsets of CNVs. The large proportion of distinct CNV effects on brain morphology may explain the small neuroimaging effect sizes reported in polygenic psychiatric conditions. Nevertheless, latent gene brain morphology dimensions will help subgroup the rapidly expanding landscape of neuropsychiatric variants and dissect the heterogeneity of idiopathic conditions

Etude cinétique de la combustion des suies diésel (application à la modélisation de la régénération du filtre à particule)

En raison de leur toxicité, les particules de suies sont considérées comme un des principaux polluants du moteur Diesel. A l'heure actuelle, la solution adoptée pour réduire les émissions de suies consiste à utiliser un filtre permettant de les piéger à plus de 90% avant de les brûler. Le recours à un additif permet d'abaisser la température d'oxydation des suies à des valeurs accessibles grâce à des réglages moteur adaptés. L'additivation de la suie est un paramètre fondamental dans le développement des stratégies de régénération et il est important que son influence soit correctement représentée par des modèles. Cette thèse, effectuée en partenariat ADEME-IFP a été réalisée en collaboration avec le LCSR de l'Université d'Orléans. L'objectif est de développer un mécanisme cinétique caractéristique de l'oxydation des suies Diesel qui puisse être ensuite intégré à un modèle de régénération de filtre à particules et utilisé à des fins de contrôle moteur. La méthodologie suivie s'appuie sur le couplage d'une étude de caractérisation des suies et d'une étude cinétique de la réaction. Les échantillons de suies Diesel ont été collectés, sans et avec additif à base de cérium et de fer, sur deux points moteurs représentatifs de deux cycles européens normalisés (ECE et EUDC). Des analyses thermiques et de composition, ainsi que des techniques telles que l'XPS, la DRX ou le MET ont été utilisées pour déterminer leurs propriétés physico-chimiques. Leur cinétique d'oxydation a été étudiée expérimentalement sur un Banc Gaz Synthétiques (BGS) avec un réacteur à lit fixe. Diverses procédures ont été réalisées : oxydation à température programmée (TPO), oxydation isotherme (IO) et oxydation séquentielle. Les résultats ont permis de corréler les propriétés physico-chimiques des suies Diesel avec leur vitesse d'oxydation. Le schéma cinétique développé repose sur une loi globale de consommation du carbone et distingue l'oxydation des différents constituants de la suie. Cette approche permet d'obtenir des résultats de simulation en très bon accord avec les tests expérimentaux d'oxydation des suies Diesel sur BGS.ORLEANS-BU Sciences (452342104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Arveyres (Gironde, FR) : applique de harnais à décor anthropomorphe

International audienc

Mengenal obat-obatan secara mudah dan aplikasinya dalam perawatan

xii, 423 p. : il.; 24 c

Irrigation scheduling in a mature peach orchard using tensiometers and dendrometers

International audienc