Media Bios and Artificial Intelligence: the dark side of Fake News

With a bibliographic nature and a qualitative approach, this work aims to discuss, through a literature review, the concept of fake news and its influence and effects on youth political formation. The article addresses the concept of fake news and its classification, based on the ideas of media bios and mediatization brought by Sodré, as well as a reflection on the developments of artificial intelligence technologies linked to the production and dissemination of fake news. In addition, a discussion is carried out on the role played by fake news in the political formation of subjects, considering the different forms of political participation and socialization, especially with the development of digital media and social networks. The results suggest that the debate about the political formation of subjects represents the expression of new social paradigms in the face of the structure of the production and dissemination of so-called fake news in the political field. It is considered that the processes of political formation and participation today have taken place in a terrain where disinformation is a great threat to democracy and one of the challenges that emerge from this conjecture is to preserve freedom of expression and, at the same time, prevent that the trinkin compromises democracy

Colaboração entre empresas de Arranjos Produtivos Locais: Evidências dos processos logísticos

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar aspectos da logística em empresas de Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs), com interesse especial nas práticas colaborativas na gestão de suas operações, a partir das evidências de 3 casos, com distintas características de produtos e processos, conforme a indústria: confecções, móveis e eletrônica. A análise da logística das empresas do APL mostrou que a diretriz estratégica adotada pelo conjunto de empresas integrantes desses arranjos produtivos é a atuação de forma individual, tanto no que se refere aos processos de suprimento quanto nos processos de distribuição. Essa atuação individualizada redunda nas pequenas escalas individuais dos volumes a serem transportados quando da contratação de transportadores e na negociação junto aos fornecedores, implicando perdas potenciais financeiras e de benefícios obtidos através da atuação conjunta e colaborativa, um dos pilares implícitos no conceito de APL. Isso significa que as empresas dos APLs – não importando o porte ou o volume de aquisição e distribuição – deixam de aproveitar os benefícios que uma estratégia conjunta poderia proporcionar, benefícios estes ligados à redução do custo logístico, melhoria no nível de serviço recebido e melhoria no nível de serviço oferecido aos clientes finais. Cabe, neste caso, resgatar a essência do conceito de arranjo produtivo como estratégia de competição

Revisiting the term neuroprotection in chronic and degenerative diseases

Thanks to the development of several new researches, the lifetime presented a significant increase, even so, we still have many obstacles to overcome - among them, manage and get responses regarding neurodegenerative diseases. Where we are in the understanding of neuroprotection? Do we really have protective therapies for diseases considered degeneratives such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its variants, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and many others? Neuroprotection is defined by many researches as interactions and interventions that can slow down or even inhibit the progression of neuronal degeneration process. We make some considerations on this neuroprotective effect.Department of Neurology, Antonio Pedro University Hospital, Fluminense Federal University , NiteróiNeurology Service, Nova Iguaçu Hospital , PosseBrain Mapping Laboratory and Electroencephalogram, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroBrain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of PiauíSeverino Sombra University Center, School of Medicine , VassourasDepartment of Neurology, Federal University of São Paulo , BrazilDepartment of Neurology, Federal University of São Paulo , BrazilWeb of Scienc

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors

Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin

Tree diversity and composition in Amazonia are known to be strongly determined by the water supplied by precipitation. Nevertheless, within the same climatic regime, water availability is modulated by local topography and soil characteristics (hereafter referred to as local hydrological conditions), varying from saturated and poorly drained to well-drained and potentially dry areas. While these conditions may be expected to influence species distribution, the impacts of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity and composition remain poorly understood at the whole Amazon basin scale. Using a dataset of 443 1-ha non-flooded forest plots distributed across the basin, we investigate how local hydrological conditions influence 1) tree alpha diversity, 2) the community-weighted wood density mean (CWM-wd) – a proxy for hydraulic resistance and 3) tree species composition. We find that the effect of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity depends on climate, being more evident in wetter forests, where diversity increases towards locations with well-drained soils. CWM-wd increased towards better drained soils in Southern and Western Amazonia. Tree species composition changed along local soil hydrological gradients in Central-Eastern, Western and Southern Amazonia, and those changes were correlated with changes in the mean wood density of plots. Our results suggest that local hydrological gradients filter species, influencing the diversity and composition of Amazonian forests. Overall, this study shows that the effect of local hydrological conditions is pervasive, extending over wide Amazonian regions, and reinforces the importance of accounting for local topography and hydrology to better understand the likely response and resilience of forests to increased frequency of extreme climate events and rising temperatures

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio