Image Recognition Using Modified Zernike Moments

Abstract: Zernike moments are complex moments with the orthogonal Zernike polynomials as kernel function, compared with other moments; Zernike moments have greater advantages in image rotation and low noise sensitivity. Because of the Zernike moments have image rotation invariance, and can construct arbitrary high order moments, it can be used for target recognition. In this paper, the Zernike moment algorithm is improved, which makes it having scale invariance in the processing of digital image. At last, an application of the improved Zernike moments in image recognition is given. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L

Plasmonic Thin Film Solar Cells

Thin film solar cell technology represents an alternative way to effectively solve the world’s increasing energy shortage problem. Light trapping is of critical importance. Surface plasmons (SPs), including both localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excited in the metallic nanoparticles and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) propagating at the metal/semiconductor interfaces, have been so far extensively investigated with great interests in designing thin film solar cells. In this chapter, plasmonic structures to improve the performance of thin film solar cell are reviewed according to their positions of the nanostructures, which can be divided into at least three ways: directly on top of thin film solar cell, embedded at the bottom or middle of the optical absorber layer, and hybrid of metallic nanostructures with nanowire of optical absorber layer

Prevalence of gaming disorder in East Asia: A comprehensive meta-analysis

Background and aims: Asian countries are deemed to be high prevalence areas for gaming disorder (GD). This meta-analysis is the first to synthesize the overall prevalence of GD in East Asia and investigate characteristics that influence prevalence estimates. Methods: Systematic and independent searches were conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library since their inception to January 27, 2021. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality scale was used for quality assessment. A random effect model was used to calculate the overall GD prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In total, 22 articles (26 studies) comprising 51,525 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of GD in East Asia was 12%, 95% CI (10%–15%); this figure was adjusted to 6%, 95% CI (3%–9%) for a representative sample. Higher prevalence was observed in males than in females (16% vs. 8%, respectively, P < 0.05). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that studies among gamers or those without random sampling reported significantly higher prevalence rates. There were no significant differences between countries/regions, sample size, quality score, proportion of males, and scale used. Discussion and conclusions: The prevalence of GD in East Asia is higher than that in other world regions. Future studies should extend such epidemiological research to other regions to calculate the accurate prevalence of GD to benefit the local identification, prevention, policy formulation, and treatment efforts. Considering its negative effects, effective preventive and treatment measures for GD in East Asia need greater attention

The Potential Regulation of A-to-I RNA Editing on Genes in Parkinson\u27s Disease.

Parkinson\u27s disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration and an abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates. A number of genetic factors have been shown to increase the risk of PD. Exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms that mediate PD\u27s transcriptomic diversity can help us understand neurodegenerative pathogenesis. In this study, we identified 9897 A-to-I RNA editing events associated with 6286 genes across 372 PD patients. Of them, 72 RNA editing events altered miRNA binding sites and this may directly affect miRNA regulations of their host genes. However, RNA editing effects on the miRNA regulation of genes are more complex. They can (1) abolish existing miRNA binding sites, which allows miRNAs to regulate other genes; (2) create new miRNA binding sites that may sequester miRNAs from regulating other genes; or (3) occur in the miRNA seed regions and change their targets. The first two processes are also referred to as miRNA competitive binding. In our study, we found 8 RNA editing events that may alter the expression of 1146 other genes via miRNA competition. We also found one RNA editing event that modified a miRNA seed region, which was predicted to disturb the regulation of four genes. Considering the PD-related functions of the affected genes, 25 A-to-I RNA editing biomarkers for PD are proposed, including the 3 editing events in the EIF2AK2, APOL6, and miR-4477b seed regions. These biomarkers may alter the miRNA regulation of 133 PD-related genes. All these analyses reveal the potential mechanisms and regulations of RNA editing in PD pathogenesis

SARS-CoV-2: The Monster Causes COVID-19

Coronaviruses are viruses whose particles look like crowns. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the human coronavirus family to cause COVID-19 which is regarded as a once-in-a-century pandemic worldwide. It holds has the characteristics of a pandemic, which has broy -55ught many serious negative impacts to human beings. It may take time for humans to fight the pandemic. In addition to humans, SARS-CoV-2 also infects animals such as cats. This review introduces the origins, structures, pathogenic mechanisms, characteristics of transmission, detection and diagnosis, evolution and variation of SARS-CoV-2. We summarized the clinical characteristics, the strategies for treatment and prevention of COVID-19, and analyzed the problems and challenges we face

Self-similar motion for modeling anomalous diffusion and nonextensive statistical distributions

We introduce a new universality class of one-dimensional iteration model giving rise to self-similar motion, in which the Feigenbaum constants are generalized as self-similar rates and can be predetermined. The curves of the mean-square displacement versus time generated here show that the motion is a kind of anomalous diffusion with the diffusion coefficient depending on the self-similar rates. In addition, it is found that the distribution of displacement agrees to a reliable precision with the q-Gaussian type distribution in some cases and bimodal distribution in some other cases. The results obtained show that the self-similar motion may be used to describe the anomalous diffusion and nonextensive statistical distributions.Comment: 15pages, 5figure

Inherent correlations between thermodynamics and statistic physics in extensive and nonextensive systems

With the help of a general expression of the entropies in extensive and nonextensive systems, some important relations between thermodynamics and statistical mechanics are revealed through the views of thermodynamics and statistic physics. These relations are proved through the MaxEnt approach once again. It is found that for a reversible isothermal process, the information contained in the first and second laws of thermodynamics and the MaxEnt approach is equivalent. Moreover, these relations are used to derive the probability distribution functions in nonextensive and extensive statistics and calculate the generalized forces of some interesting systems. The results obtained are of universal significance.Comment: 11 page

The proper class generated by weak supplements

We show that, for hereditary rings, the smallest proper classes containing respectively the classes of short exact sequences determined by small submodules, submodules that have supplements and weak supplement submodules coincide. Moreover, we show that this class can be obtained as a natural extension of the class determined by small submodules. We also study injective, projective, coinjective and coprojective objects of this class. We prove that it is coinjectively generated and its global dimension is at most 1. Finally, we describe this class for Dedekind domains in terms of supplement submodules.TUBITAK (107T709