12 research outputs found

    From behavioral and brain markers of distractibility during typical development, toward the validation of a new diagnostic tool for attentional deficits

    No full text
    Il est communĂ©ment admis que les enfants se laissent plus facilement distraire que les adultes. La distractibilitĂ© naturellement exacerbĂ©e chez l’enfant peut dĂ©couler (i) d’une difficultĂ© Ă  porter volontairement l’attention sur la tĂąche en cours, (ii) d’une rĂ©action attentionnelle involontaire trop importante aux stimuli distracteurs survenant alentour, ou (iii) de ces deux phĂ©nomĂšnes Ă  la fois. Si on sait Ă  ce jour que l’enfant prĂ©senterait bien des difficultĂ©s d’attention volontaire, l’effet des stimuli distracteurs sur le comportement et le fonctionnement cĂ©rĂ©bral de l’enfant a Ă©tĂ© peu Ă©tudiĂ©. Dans le milieu clinique, la caractĂ©risation imprĂ©cise de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique impacte le diagnostic des dĂ©ficits attentionnels : comment objectiver la prĂ©sence d’un trouble pathologique de la distractibilitĂ© si la norme elle-mĂȘme est mal dĂ©finie ? Dans l’objectif de pallier ce manque de connaissances, nous avons utilisĂ© un nouveau paradigme, le Competitive Attention Test (CAT), pour caractĂ©riser le dĂ©veloppement typique de la distractibilitĂ© auditive de l’enfance Ă  l’ñge adulte (4 Ă  25 ans). Pris dans leur ensemble, les rĂ©sultats que nous avons obtenus indiquent que plusieurs composantes attentionnelles (e.g., attention volontaire, involontaire, alerte phasique) conditionnent l’émergence de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant ; ces composantes prĂ©sentent des trajectoires dĂ©veloppementales dissociĂ©es. Dans une approche Ă©lectrophysiologique, nous avons ensuite enregistrĂ© l’activitĂ© cĂ©rĂ©brale d’enfants et d’adultes (6, 11-13 et 18-25 ans) rĂ©alisant le CAT : l’analyse des potentiels Ă©voquĂ©s durant la tĂąche permettra de mieux comprendre quels sont les processus de maturation cĂ©rĂ©brale Ă  l’origine de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant. Enfin, dans le but de permettre l’utilisation clinique du CAT, nous avons mis en place diffĂ©rentes Ă©tudes visant Ă  construire une base de donnĂ©es normative pour ce test (6 Ă  90 ans), mais Ă©galement Ă  prouver sa validitĂ© de contenu, de critĂšre et de construit. Les rĂ©sultats de ces Ă©tudes permettront notamment de dĂ©terminer si le CAT est un outil pertinent pour l’aide au diagnostic du trouble dĂ©ficitaire de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivitĂ©.There is a common understanding that children are more distractible than adults. Increased distractibility in typically developing children can either results from (i) a difficulty to voluntarily focus attention on ongoing activities, (ii) an increased involuntary attention to irrelevant distractor occurring in the surroundings, or (iii) both these phenomena. Previous studies investigating attentional development through childhood have reported reduced voluntary attention abilities in children; however, the precise behavioral and brain impact of irrelevant distractors which involuntarily capture attention remains to be identify. This lack of basic knowledge lead to difficulties in assessing distractibility in the clinical field: how could one detect distractibility dysfunctions if the norm is still undefined? To fill the aforementioned knowledge gap, we used a recently developed paradigm, the Competitive Attention Test (CAT), to characterize the development of auditory distractibility from childhood to adulthood (4 to 25 years old). Altogether, findings from this research work indicate that several attentional components contribute to distractibility (e.g., voluntary and involuntary attention, phasic arousal); these components follow different developmental trajectories through childhood. In an electrophysiological approach, we recorded the brain activity of children and adults (6, 11-13 and 18-25 years old) while performing the CAT: further analysis of evoked potentials will allow to better understand the brain maturation processes underpinning increased distractibility in children. Finally, in order to make the CAT usable in clinical settings, we set up several studies to build a normative database for this test, and to prove its content, criterion and construct validity. Results from these last studies will enable to determine if the CAT can be a relevant tool to assess attention deficits, in particular as part of the clinical diagnosis of attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity

    Des marqueurs comportementaux et cĂ©rĂ©braux de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique Ă  la validation d’un nouvel outil diagnostique des dĂ©ficits attentionnels

    No full text
    There is a common understanding that children are more distractible than adults. Increased distractibility in typically developing children can either results from (i) a difficulty to voluntarily focus attention on ongoing activities, (ii) an increased involuntary attention to irrelevant distractor occurring in the surroundings, or (iii) both these phenomena. Previous studies investigating attentional development through childhood have reported reduced voluntary attention abilities in children; however, the precise behavioral and brain impact of irrelevant distractors which involuntarily capture attention remains to be identify. This lack of basic knowledge lead to difficulties in assessing distractibility in the clinical field: how could one detect distractibility dysfunctions if the norm is still undefined? To fill the aforementioned knowledge gap, we used a recently developed paradigm, the Competitive Attention Test (CAT), to characterize the development of auditory distractibility from childhood to adulthood (4 to 25 years old). Altogether, findings from this research work indicate that several attentional components contribute to distractibility (e.g., voluntary and involuntary attention, phasic arousal); these components follow different developmental trajectories through childhood. In an electrophysiological approach, we recorded the brain activity of children and adults (6, 11-13 and 18-25 years old) while performing the CAT: further analysis of evoked potentials will allow to better understand the brain maturation processes underpinning increased distractibility in children. Finally, in order to make the CAT usable in clinical settings, we set up several studies to build a normative database for this test, and to prove its content, criterion and construct validity. Results from these last studies will enable to determine if the CAT can be a relevant tool to assess attention deficits, in particular as part of the clinical diagnosis of attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity.Il est communĂ©ment admis que les enfants se laissent plus facilement distraire que les adultes. La distractibilitĂ© naturellement exacerbĂ©e chez l’enfant peut dĂ©couler (i) d’une difficultĂ© Ă  porter volontairement l’attention sur la tĂąche en cours, (ii) d’une rĂ©action attentionnelle involontaire trop importante aux stimuli distracteurs survenant alentour, ou (iii) de ces deux phĂ©nomĂšnes Ă  la fois. Si on sait Ă  ce jour que l’enfant prĂ©senterait bien des difficultĂ©s d’attention volontaire, l’effet des stimuli distracteurs sur le comportement et le fonctionnement cĂ©rĂ©bral de l’enfant a Ă©tĂ© peu Ă©tudiĂ©. Dans le milieu clinique, la caractĂ©risation imprĂ©cise de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique impacte le diagnostic des dĂ©ficits attentionnels : comment objectiver la prĂ©sence d’un trouble pathologique de la distractibilitĂ© si la norme elle-mĂȘme est mal dĂ©finie ? Dans l’objectif de pallier ce manque de connaissances, nous avons utilisĂ© un nouveau paradigme, le Competitive Attention Test (CAT), pour caractĂ©riser le dĂ©veloppement typique de la distractibilitĂ© auditive de l’enfance Ă  l’ñge adulte (4 Ă  25 ans). Pris dans leur ensemble, les rĂ©sultats que nous avons obtenus indiquent que plusieurs composantes attentionnelles (e.g., attention volontaire, involontaire, alerte phasique) conditionnent l’émergence de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant ; ces composantes prĂ©sentent des trajectoires dĂ©veloppementales dissociĂ©es. Dans une approche Ă©lectrophysiologique, nous avons ensuite enregistrĂ© l’activitĂ© cĂ©rĂ©brale d’enfants et d’adultes (6, 11-13 et 18-25 ans) rĂ©alisant le CAT : l’analyse des potentiels Ă©voquĂ©s durant la tĂąche permettra de mieux comprendre quels sont les processus de maturation cĂ©rĂ©brale Ă  l’origine de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant. Enfin, dans le but de permettre l’utilisation clinique du CAT, nous avons mis en place diffĂ©rentes Ă©tudes visant Ă  construire une base de donnĂ©es normative pour ce test (6 Ă  90 ans), mais Ă©galement Ă  prouver sa validitĂ© de contenu, de critĂšre et de construit. Les rĂ©sultats de ces Ă©tudes permettront notamment de dĂ©terminer si le CAT est un outil pertinent pour l’aide au diagnostic du trouble dĂ©ficitaire de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivitĂ©

    Des marqueurs comportementaux et cĂ©rĂ©braux de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique Ă  la validation d’un nouvel outil diagnostique des dĂ©ficits attentionnels

    No full text
    There is a common understanding that children are more distractible than adults. Increased distractibility in typically developing children can either results from (i) a difficulty to voluntarily focus attention on ongoing activities, (ii) an increased involuntary attention to irrelevant distractor occurring in the surroundings, or (iii) both these phenomena. Previous studies investigating attentional development through childhood have reported reduced voluntary attention abilities in children; however, the precise behavioral and brain impact of irrelevant distractors which involuntarily capture attention remains to be identify. This lack of basic knowledge lead to difficulties in assessing distractibility in the clinical field: how could one detect distractibility dysfunctions if the norm is still undefined? To fill the aforementioned knowledge gap, we used a recently developed paradigm, the Competitive Attention Test (CAT), to characterize the development of auditory distractibility from childhood to adulthood (4 to 25 years old). Altogether, findings from this research work indicate that several attentional components contribute to distractibility (e.g., voluntary and involuntary attention, phasic arousal); these components follow different developmental trajectories through childhood. In an electrophysiological approach, we recorded the brain activity of children and adults (6, 11-13 and 18-25 years old) while performing the CAT: further analysis of evoked potentials will allow to better understand the brain maturation processes underpinning increased distractibility in children. Finally, in order to make the CAT usable in clinical settings, we set up several studies to build a normative database for this test, and to prove its content, criterion and construct validity. Results from these last studies will enable to determine if the CAT can be a relevant tool to assess attention deficits, in particular as part of the clinical diagnosis of attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity.Il est communĂ©ment admis que les enfants se laissent plus facilement distraire que les adultes. La distractibilitĂ© naturellement exacerbĂ©e chez l’enfant peut dĂ©couler (i) d’une difficultĂ© Ă  porter volontairement l’attention sur la tĂąche en cours, (ii) d’une rĂ©action attentionnelle involontaire trop importante aux stimuli distracteurs survenant alentour, ou (iii) de ces deux phĂ©nomĂšnes Ă  la fois. Si on sait Ă  ce jour que l’enfant prĂ©senterait bien des difficultĂ©s d’attention volontaire, l’effet des stimuli distracteurs sur le comportement et le fonctionnement cĂ©rĂ©bral de l’enfant a Ă©tĂ© peu Ă©tudiĂ©. Dans le milieu clinique, la caractĂ©risation imprĂ©cise de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique impacte le diagnostic des dĂ©ficits attentionnels : comment objectiver la prĂ©sence d’un trouble pathologique de la distractibilitĂ© si la norme elle-mĂȘme est mal dĂ©finie ? Dans l’objectif de pallier ce manque de connaissances, nous avons utilisĂ© un nouveau paradigme, le Competitive Attention Test (CAT), pour caractĂ©riser le dĂ©veloppement typique de la distractibilitĂ© auditive de l’enfance Ă  l’ñge adulte (4 Ă  25 ans). Pris dans leur ensemble, les rĂ©sultats que nous avons obtenus indiquent que plusieurs composantes attentionnelles (e.g., attention volontaire, involontaire, alerte phasique) conditionnent l’émergence de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant ; ces composantes prĂ©sentent des trajectoires dĂ©veloppementales dissociĂ©es. Dans une approche Ă©lectrophysiologique, nous avons ensuite enregistrĂ© l’activitĂ© cĂ©rĂ©brale d’enfants et d’adultes (6, 11-13 et 18-25 ans) rĂ©alisant le CAT : l’analyse des potentiels Ă©voquĂ©s durant la tĂąche permettra de mieux comprendre quels sont les processus de maturation cĂ©rĂ©brale Ă  l’origine de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant. Enfin, dans le but de permettre l’utilisation clinique du CAT, nous avons mis en place diffĂ©rentes Ă©tudes visant Ă  construire une base de donnĂ©es normative pour ce test (6 Ă  90 ans), mais Ă©galement Ă  prouver sa validitĂ© de contenu, de critĂšre et de construit. Les rĂ©sultats de ces Ă©tudes permettront notamment de dĂ©terminer si le CAT est un outil pertinent pour l’aide au diagnostic du trouble dĂ©ficitaire de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivitĂ©

    Des marqueurs comportementaux et cĂ©rĂ©braux de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique Ă  la validation d’un nouvel outil diagnostique des dĂ©ficits attentionnels

    No full text
    There is a common understanding that children are more distractible than adults. Increased distractibility in typically developing children can either results from (i) a difficulty to voluntarily focus attention on ongoing activities, (ii) an increased involuntary attention to irrelevant distractor occurring in the surroundings, or (iii) both these phenomena. Previous studies investigating attentional development through childhood have reported reduced voluntary attention abilities in children; however, the precise behavioral and brain impact of irrelevant distractors which involuntarily capture attention remains to be identify. This lack of basic knowledge lead to difficulties in assessing distractibility in the clinical field: how could one detect distractibility dysfunctions if the norm is still undefined? To fill the aforementioned knowledge gap, we used a recently developed paradigm, the Competitive Attention Test (CAT), to characterize the development of auditory distractibility from childhood to adulthood (4 to 25 years old). Altogether, findings from this research work indicate that several attentional components contribute to distractibility (e.g., voluntary and involuntary attention, phasic arousal); these components follow different developmental trajectories through childhood. In an electrophysiological approach, we recorded the brain activity of children and adults (6, 11-13 and 18-25 years old) while performing the CAT: further analysis of evoked potentials will allow to better understand the brain maturation processes underpinning increased distractibility in children. Finally, in order to make the CAT usable in clinical settings, we set up several studies to build a normative database for this test, and to prove its content, criterion and construct validity. Results from these last studies will enable to determine if the CAT can be a relevant tool to assess attention deficits, in particular as part of the clinical diagnosis of attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity.Il est communĂ©ment admis que les enfants se laissent plus facilement distraire que les adultes. La distractibilitĂ© naturellement exacerbĂ©e chez l’enfant peut dĂ©couler (i) d’une difficultĂ© Ă  porter volontairement l’attention sur la tĂąche en cours, (ii) d’une rĂ©action attentionnelle involontaire trop importante aux stimuli distracteurs survenant alentour, ou (iii) de ces deux phĂ©nomĂšnes Ă  la fois. Si on sait Ă  ce jour que l’enfant prĂ©senterait bien des difficultĂ©s d’attention volontaire, l’effet des stimuli distracteurs sur le comportement et le fonctionnement cĂ©rĂ©bral de l’enfant a Ă©tĂ© peu Ă©tudiĂ©. Dans le milieu clinique, la caractĂ©risation imprĂ©cise de la distractibilitĂ© au cours du dĂ©veloppement typique impacte le diagnostic des dĂ©ficits attentionnels : comment objectiver la prĂ©sence d’un trouble pathologique de la distractibilitĂ© si la norme elle-mĂȘme est mal dĂ©finie ? Dans l’objectif de pallier ce manque de connaissances, nous avons utilisĂ© un nouveau paradigme, le Competitive Attention Test (CAT), pour caractĂ©riser le dĂ©veloppement typique de la distractibilitĂ© auditive de l’enfance Ă  l’ñge adulte (4 Ă  25 ans). Pris dans leur ensemble, les rĂ©sultats que nous avons obtenus indiquent que plusieurs composantes attentionnelles (e.g., attention volontaire, involontaire, alerte phasique) conditionnent l’émergence de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant ; ces composantes prĂ©sentent des trajectoires dĂ©veloppementales dissociĂ©es. Dans une approche Ă©lectrophysiologique, nous avons ensuite enregistrĂ© l’activitĂ© cĂ©rĂ©brale d’enfants et d’adultes (6, 11-13 et 18-25 ans) rĂ©alisant le CAT : l’analyse des potentiels Ă©voquĂ©s durant la tĂąche permettra de mieux comprendre quels sont les processus de maturation cĂ©rĂ©brale Ă  l’origine de la distractibilitĂ© accrue chez l’enfant. Enfin, dans le but de permettre l’utilisation clinique du CAT, nous avons mis en place diffĂ©rentes Ă©tudes visant Ă  construire une base de donnĂ©es normative pour ce test (6 Ă  90 ans), mais Ă©galement Ă  prouver sa validitĂ© de contenu, de critĂšre et de construit. Les rĂ©sultats de ces Ă©tudes permettront notamment de dĂ©terminer si le CAT est un outil pertinent pour l’aide au diagnostic du trouble dĂ©ficitaire de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivitĂ©

    ATOLE - Guide de l'enseignant + bloc ressources: Guide pédagogique

    No full text
    International audienceUn guide clĂ© en main et son bloc ressources pour mettre en Ɠuvre le programme ATOLE dans sa classe ou son Ă©cole.Le guide :* une prĂ©sentation synthĂ©tique de chaque sĂ©quence : objectifs, activitĂ©s, conseils
* des activitĂ©s pas Ă  pas avec une diffĂ©renciation par niveau, des propositions de variantes et des vidĂ©os.* une synthĂšse avec les notions Ă  retenir, les rituels Ă  mettre en place et un quiz pour Ă©valuer les acquis.Le bloc ressources :* Tous les supports d’activitĂ©s en couleurs, adaptĂ©s pour chaque niveau.* Les livrets CE et CM de l’élĂšve, pour garder une trace des outils ATOLE.* Les images clĂ©s de chaque sĂ©quence Ă  afficher en classe.La version numĂ©rique (BiblioManuel) :* Tous les documents du bloc ressources Ă  vidĂ©oprojeter et/ou Ă  imprimer.* Toutes les vidĂ©os proposĂ©es dans les sĂ©quences.* Les mĂ©mos de l’enseignant, pour suivre le fil de chaque activitĂ©.* Des ressources pĂ©dagogiques complĂ©mentaires : exercices interactifs pour tester ses connaissances, affiches Ă  imprimer en A3, mot d’information pour les parents
DĂ©couvrez la dĂ©mo de la version numĂ©rique : https://biblio.mdi-editions.com/demo/9782223114030

    Why Are Children So Distractible? Development of Attention and Motor Control From Childhood to Adulthood

    No full text
    International audienceDistractibility is the propensity to behaviorally react to irrelevant information. Although children are more distractible the younger they are, the precise contribution of attentional and motor components to distractibility and their developmental trajectories have not been characterized yet. We used a new behavioral paradigm to identify the developmental dynamics of components contributing to distractibility in a large cohort of French participants balanced, between age groups, in gender and socioeconomic status (N = 352; age: 6-25). Results reveal that each measure of these components, namely voluntary attention, distraction, impulsivity, and motor control, present a distinct maturational timeline. In young children, increased distractibility is mostly the result of reduced sustained attention capacities and enhanced distraction, whereas in teenagers, it is the result of decreased motor control and increased impulsivity

    High dream recall frequency is associated with an increase of both bottom-up and top-down attentional processes

    No full text
    International audienceAbstract Event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with the involuntary orientation of (bottom-up) attention toward an unexpected sound are of larger amplitude in high dream recallers (HR) than in low dream recallers (LR) during passive listening, suggesting different attentional functioning. We measured bottom-up and top-down attentional performance and their cerebral correlates in 18 HR (11 women, age = 22.7 years, dream recall frequency = 5.3 days with a dream recall per week) and 19 LR (10 women, age = 22.3, DRF = 0.2) using EEG and the Competitive Attention Task. Between-group differences were found in ERPs but not in behavior. The results show that HR present larger ERPs to distracting sounds than LR even during active listening, arguing for enhanced bottom-up processing of irrelevant sounds. HR also presented larger contingent negative variation during target expectancy and P3b to target sounds than LR, speaking for an enhanced recruitment of top-down attention. The attentional balance seems preserved in HR since their performances are not altered, but possibly at a higher resource cost. In HR, increased bottom-up processes would favor dream recall through awakening facilitation during sleep and enhanced top-down processes may foster dream recall through increased awareness and/or short-term memory stability of dream content

    Memory minus perception (the colormap represents the difference in PAC strength between memory and perception trial—note that the contrast is not significant) for the co-modulogram in SEEG contacts that had previously shown an increase in theta and gamma power identified in Fig 1F, retention period).

    No full text
    Memory minus perception (the colormap represents the difference in PAC strength between memory and perception trial—note that the contrast is not significant) for the co-modulogram in SEEG contacts that had previously shown an increase in theta and gamma power identified in Fig 1F, retention period).</p

    Theta-gamma PAC in the hippocampus and ventral auditory stream correlates with behavior.

    No full text
    (A) Left panel: SEEG contacts showing a positive correlational relationship between theta-gamma PAC and performance (negative correlation with IES). Results are displayed on the single subject T1 in the MNI space provided by SPM12. Right panel: Scatter plot of IES (note that the scale is inverted for clarity: 5 corresponding to poor performance and 0 corresponding to good performance) against theta-gamma PAC strength for each significant SEEG contact. Each color depicts a different participant (N = 6). Source data can be found at https://osf.io/m7dta/. (B) Left panel: SEEG contacts showing a negative correlational relationship between theta-gamma PAC and performance (positive correlation with IES). Results are displayed on the single subject T1 in the MNI space provided by SPM12. Right panel: Scatter plot of IES (note that the scale is inverted for clarity: 5 corresponding to poor performance and 0 corresponding to good performance) against theta-gamma PAC strength for each significant SEEG contact. Colors show the different participant (N = 4). Source data can be found at https://osf.io/m7dta/. IES, inverse efficiency score; PAC, phase amplitude coupling.</p

    Theta gamma PAC is consistent across trials and participants.

    No full text
    (A) SEEG contacts identified in Fig 4A and grouped as a function of their location according to the AAL Atlas: green, left STS; red, left hippocampus; blue, right ITG; yellow, left IFG/insula. Regions are displayed on the single subject T1 in the MNI space provided by SPM12. Source data can be found at https://osf.io/m7dta/. (B) PAC intertrial phase consistency computed for each region. Bar plot shows intertrial phase locking values across participants and SEEG contacts for memory trials (correct responses, colored as a function of the regions) and perception trials in the same region. Error bars indicate SEM. Asterisk indicates significance. Source data can be found at https://osf.io/m7dta/. (C) Preferred coupling phase: gamma power presented as a function of theta phase bins for each region. Shading represents the standard deviation across trials and participants. Asterisks (*** p p S7–S10 Tables. Source data can be found at https://osf.io/m7dta/. IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; ITG, inferior temporal gyrus; PAC, phase amplitude coupling; STS, superior temporal sulcus.</p
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