103 research outputs found
Static Potential and Local Color Fields in Unquenched Three-Dimensional Lattice QCD
String breaking by dynamical quarks in (2+1)-d lattice QCD is demonstrated in
this project, by measuring the static potential and the local color-electric
field strength between a heavy quark and antiquark pair at large separations.
Simulations are done for unquenched SU(2) color with two flavors of staggered
quarks. An improved gluon action is used which allows simulations to be done on
coarse lattices, providing an extremely efficient means to access the quark
separations and propagation times at which string breaking occurs. The static
quark potential is extracted using only Wilson loop operators and hence no
valence quarks are present in the trial states. Results give unambiguous
evidence for string breaking as the static quark potential completely saturates
at twice the heavy-light meson mass at large separations. It is also shown that
the local color-electric field strength between the quark pair tends toward
vacuum values at large separations. Implications of these results for
unquenched simulations of QCD in 4-d are drawn.Comment: 3 pages, contribution to Lattice 2002 proceedings (Confinement
Perturbative Wilson loops from unquenched Monte Carlo simulations at weak couplings
Perturbative expansions of several small Wilson loops are computed through
next-to-next-to-leading order in unquenched lattice QCD, from Monte Carlo
simulations at weak couplings. This approach provides a much simpler
alternative to conventional diagrammatic perturbation theory, and is applied
here for the first time to full QCD. Two different sets of lattice actions are
considered: one set uses the unimproved plaquette gluon action together with
the unimproved staggered-quark action; the other set uses the one-loop-improved
Symanzik gauge-field action together with the so-called ``asqtad''
improved-staggered quark action. Simulations are also done with different
numbers of dynamical fermions. An extensive study of the systematic
uncertainties is presented, which demonstrates that the small third-order
perturbative component of the observables can be reliably extracted from
simulation data. We also investigate the use of the rational hybrid Monte Carlo
algorithm for unquenched simulations with unimproved-staggered fermions. Our
results are in excellent agreement with diagrammatic perturbation theory, and
provide an important cross-check of the perturbation theory input to a recent
determination of the strong coupling by the HPQCD
collaboration.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure
Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in nasal polyposis : 2 randomized phase 3 trials
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by IgE hyperproduction and eosinophilic inflammation. The anti-IgE antibody, omalizumab, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with CRSwNP and comorbid asthma previously. Objective: Our aim was to determine omalizumab safety and efficacy in CRSwNP in phase 3 trials (POLYP 1 and POLYP 2). Methods: Adults with CRSwNP with inadequate response to intranasal corticosteroids were randomized (1:1) to omalizumab or placebo and intranasal mometasone for 24 weeks. Coprimary end points included change from baseline to week 24 in Nasal Polyp Score (NPS) and Nasal Congestion Score. Secondary end points included change from baseline to week 24 in Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) score, University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, sense of smell, postnasal drip, runny nose, and adverse events. Results: Patients in POLYP 1 (n = 138) and POLYP 2 (n = 127) exhibited severe CRSwNP and substantial quality of life impairment evidenced by a mean NPS higher than 6 and SNOT-22 score of approximately 60. Both studies met both the coprimary end points. SNOT-22 score, University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test score, sense of smell, postnasal drip, and runny nose were also significantly improved for omalizumab versus placebo. In POLYP 1 and POLYP 2, the mean changes from baseline at week 24 for omalizumab versus placebo were as follows: NPS, -1.08 versus 0.06 (P < .0001) and - 0.90 versus -0.31 (P = .0140); Nasal Congestion Score, -0.89 versus -0.35 (P = .0004) and -0.70 versus -0.20 (P = .0017); and SNOT-22 score, -24.7 versus -8.6 (P < .0001) and -21.6 versus - 6.6 (P < .0001). Adverse events were similar between groups. Conclusion: Omalizumab significantly improved endoscopic, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes in severe CRSwNP with inadequate response to intranasal corticosteroids, and it was well tolerated
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Data harmonisation for information fusion in digital healthcare: A state-of-the-art systematic review, meta-analysis and future research directions.
Removing the bias and variance of multicentre data has always been a challenge in large scale digital healthcare studies, which requires the ability to integrate clinical features extracted from data acquired by different scanners and protocols to improve stability and robustness. Previous studies have described various computational approaches to fuse single modality multicentre datasets. However, these surveys rarely focused on evaluation metrics and lacked a checklist for computational data harmonisation studies. In this systematic review, we summarise the computational data harmonisation approaches for multi-modality data in the digital healthcare field, including harmonisation strategies and evaluation metrics based on different theories. In addition, a comprehensive checklist that summarises common practices for data harmonisation studies is proposed to guide researchers to report their research findings more effectively. Last but not least, flowcharts presenting possible ways for methodology and metric selection are proposed and the limitations of different methods have been surveyed for future research
Preventable hospital admissions among the homeless in California: A retrospective analysis of care for ambulatory care sensitive conditions
Background
Limited research exists that investigates hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) among the homeless, who frequently lack a usual source of care. This study profiled ACSC admissions for homeless patients.
Methods
Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were completed to investigate ACSC and non-ACSC admissions among homeless patients using the 2010 California State Inpatient Database.
Results
Homeless patients admitted for an ACSC were mostly male, non-Hispanic white, and on average 49.9 years old. In the predictive model, the odds of an ACSC admission among homeless patients increased when they were black, admitted to the emergency department or transferred from another health facility. Having Medicare was associated with a decreased odds of an ACSC admission.
Conclusions
Specific characteristics are associated with a greater likelihood of an ACSC admission. Research should examine how these characteristics contribute to ACSC hospitalizations and findings should be linked to programs designed to serve as a safety-net for homeless patients to reduce hospitalizations
Oxidized and reduced mannan mediated MUC1 DNA immunization induce effective anti-tumor responses
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