18 research outputs found

    Voluntary HIV testing in Europe

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    Aims: A study was undertaken to examine patterns of voluntary HIV testing among heterosexuals across Europe. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys on sexual behaviour and HIV were performed including probability samples of the general population ages 18 - 49 years in Greece (n=2,000), Italy (n=2,603), Switzerland (n=2,777), and Norway (n=3,704). Results: Prevalence of lifetime voluntary HIV testing among heterosexuals is 10.1%, 15.5%, 17.4%, and 40.9% in Greece, Italy, Norway, and Switzerland, respectively. Between 49.0% and 89.3% of individuals reporting risk behaviours never sought voluntary testing. Multivariate analysis shows that in some countries the likelihood of HIV testing is significantly higher for individuals aged 24 - 29 and 30 - 39 years, compared with younger respondents with the same risky behaviour. Among Swiss men and women higher educational level also significantly increases the probability of testing. Conclusions: The prevalence of voluntary HIV testing among heterosexuals with histories of risk is low. The needs of specific groups should be considered to improve HIV prevention and access to care

    Analysis of the underestimation of induced abortions in a survey of the general population in France

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    Introduction A pilot study has been conducted in France to estimate the extent of underreporting of induced abortion and the factors linked to underreporting. Methods A representative random sample of 300 women aged between 18 and 44 years of age who had been pregnant during the previous 2 years and 100 women who had not was selected from the telephone directory. Interviews were conducted by telephone. Results The annual incidence of induced abortion for the 18–44-year-old age group was 6.9 per 1000 (95% confidence interval 2.2–11.6), while the rate derived from national statistics was 15 per 1000. Five women who reported a therapeutic abortion in their lifetime had confused induced abortion and therapeutic abortion.There was no significant difference in the proportion of women reporting induced abortion in their lifetime between those answering with another adult present and those who were alone when answering (13.1% versus 11.1%, p = 0.8). There was also no significant difference according to the sex of the interviewer (10.0% for men versus 12.2% for women, p = 0.6). Conclusion The results suggest that the context in which the questions were asked does not affect the validity of the answers and that there is a problem in the comprehension of the terminology used. Extensive rewriting and reformulation of the questions is required to minimize the underreporting of induced abortion
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