INFLUENCE FEEDING AND TRAINING ON THE METABOLIC PROFIL SPORT HORSES

V skupine 11 športových koní sme sledovali vplyv výživy a tréningu na ich metabolický profil. Tréning koní bol rozdelený na štyri obdobia: I. prípravné obdobie - koniec kvantitatívnej fázy, II. prípravné obdobie - koniec kvalitatívnej fázy, III. koniec športovej sezóny, IV. prechodné obdobie - aktívny odpočinok. Hladina glukózy v krvnom sére testovaných koní bola v referenčných hodnotách, s tendenciou poklesu v II. a IV. období (4,34 – 5,03 mmol.l-1). Priemerné hodnoty sme zaznamenali v celkových bielkovinách a v cholesterole pod úrovňou referenčných hodnôt.In a group of 11 sport horses, the effect of the traianig process, inclunding training and resting periods, on the metabolic profile. Training proces was divided into four part: I. End of the sport season, II. End of the resting period, III. End of the quantitative training charged and IV. End of the qualitative training charged. The level glucose in the blood serum of the observed horses was stated within the reference limits, with the tendency towards the inncreased values in the 2-st and 4-st period (4,34 – 5,03 mmol.l-1). The average values global lipid and cholesterol was stated whitin the reference limits

Effects of Age and Loading Velocity on the Delamination Strength of the Human Aorta

Delamination strength is the mechanical property which plays a key role in the pathological process referred to as Arterial Dissection. This dissection, known especially for its occurrence in the thoracic aorta, is manifested by a separation of the layers of an artery wall, and may end with total rupture and internal haemorrhaging. Although its incidence is relatively rare, from 3 to 6 cases per 100 000 per year, it is a life-threating disease with a significant lethality [1-3]. The exact conditions under which the dissection is initiated, and as a crack propagates through the arterial wall, remain an open topic in computational as well as experimental mechanics. The aim of our study is to contribute to the deepening of our knowledge of Arterial Dissection, by collecting experimental data which is suitable for the purpose of showing how the delamination strength measured in the peeling experiments depends on age and anatomical location. In addition to the effects of age and location, our study also focuses on the effect of loading rate. The experimental branch of our research is complemented by a computational modelling of the delamination interface, in which we are looking for a numerical characterization of the material parameters describing discontinuity propagation. An XFEM model of the peeling experiment is built in Abaqus, which in our approach plays the role of the regression analysis, incorporating the cohesive zone (CZ) in order to model the delaminating arterial layers. The main objective is to obtain a detailed description of a set of constitutive parameters, which would be age- and location-specific. Our present data suggest that delamination strength strongly depends on age, and furthermore, the anatomical site also seems to be a significant factor. On the other hand, the loading velocity does not cause significant changes in results

The only known cyclopygid–‘atheloptic’ trilobite fauna from North America: the upper Ordovician fauna of the Pyle Mountain Argillite and its palaeoenvironmental significance

The trilobite fauna of the upper Ordovician (middle Katian) Pyle Mountain Argillite comprises a mixture of abundant mesopelagic cyclopygids and other pelagic taxa and a benthic fauna dominated by trilobites lacking eyes. Such faunas were widespread in deep water environments around Gondwana and terranes derived from that continent throughout Ordovician time but this is the only known record of such a fauna from North America and thus from Laurentia. It probably reflects a major sea level rise (the ‘Linearis drowning events’) as does the development of coeval cyclopygid-dominated deep water trilobite faunas in terranes that were marginal to Laurentia and are now preserved in Ireland and Scotland. The Pyle Mountain Argillite trilobite fauna occurs with a deep water Foliomena brachiopod fauna and comprises 22 species. Pelagic trilobites (mostly cyclopygids) constitute 36% of the preserved sclerites, and 45% of the fauna is the remains of trilobites lacking eyes, including one new species, Dindymene whittingtoni sp. nov. Three species of cyclopygid are present, belonging in Cyclopyge, Symphysops and Microparia (Heterocyclopyge). Cyclopygids are widely thought to have been stratified in the water column in life and thus their taxonomic diversity reflects the relative depths of the sea-beds on which their remains accumulated. A tabulation of middle and upper Katian cyclopygid-bearing faunas from several palaeoplates and terranes arranged on the basis of increasing numbers of cyclopygid genera allows an assessment of the relative depth ranges of the associated benthic taxa. The Pyle Mountain Argillite fauna lies towards the deeper end of this depth spectrum

Konstitutivní modelování tepenné stěny

Inflation tests and uni–axial extension tests of arterial tissue were performed. Experimental data were used in nonlinear regression analysis to identify material model. Arterial tissue was assumed to be incompressible hyperelastic material. 5–parameter strain energy density function based on combination of isotropic Neo–Hookean expression and Fung–type orthotropic expression was used. Computational model for material parameters identification was based on thick–wall tube with axial pre–strains. Residual strains were included. Internal structure of arterial wall was not considered. Fitted material models correspond to experimental data very well

Zkušenosti s tahovými zkouškami vrstev tepenné stěny

Uni-axial tensile tests were performed with layers of aortic wall. Specimens underwent loading in both longitudinal and circumferential directions. Experimental data were used in regression analysis which offered base for constitutive relationships. Uni-axial stress-strain relations for aortic media and adventitia were found

Inflation tests and modelling of Human Saphenous Veins

This action is realized by the project NEXLIZ - CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0038, which is co-financed by the European social fund and the state budget of the Czech republic

Uniaxial tensile test of perivascular adipose tissue

This action is realized by the project NEXLIZ - CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0038, which is co-financed by the European social fund and the state budget of the Czech republic

INFLUENCE FEEDING AND TRAINING ON THE METABOLIC PROFIL SPORT HORSES

V skupine 11 športových koní sme sledovali vplyv výživy a tréningu na ich metabolický profil. Tréning koní bol rozdelený na štyri obdobia: I. prípravné obdobie - koniec kvantitatívnej fázy, II. prípravné obdobie - koniec kvalitatívnej fázy, III. koniec športovej sezóny, IV. prechodné obdobie - aktívny odpočinok. Hladina glukózy v krvnom sére testovaných koní bola v referenčných hodnotách, s tendenciou poklesu v II. a IV. období (4,34 – 5,03 mmol.l-1). Priemerné hodnoty sme zaznamenali v celkových bielkovinách a v cholesterole pod úrovňou referenčných hodnôt.In a group of 11 sport horses, the effect of the traianig process, inclunding training and resting periods, on the metabolic profile. Training proces was divided into four part: I. End of the sport season, II. End of the resting period, III. End of the quantitative training charged and IV. End of the qualitative training charged. The level glucose in the blood serum of the observed horses was stated within the reference limits, with the tendency towards the inncreased values in the 2-st and 4-st period (4,34 – 5,03 mmol.l-1). The average values global lipid and cholesterol was stated whitin the reference limits