42 research outputs found
A finite element approach to x-ray optics design
Volume: 10236 Host publication title: SPIE Proceedings Host publication sub-title: Damage to VUV, EUV, and X-ray Optics VI Isbn(print): 9781510609730-Non peer reviewe
A finite-element approach to dynamical diffraction problems in reflection geometry
A finite-element approach to the numerical solution of the Takagi-Taupin equations expressed in a weak form is presented and applied to simulate the X-ray reflectivity curves, spatial intensity distributions and focusing properties of bent perfect crystals in symmetric reflection geometry. The proposed framework encompasses a new formulation of the Takagi-Taupin equations, which appears to be promising in terms of robustness and stability and supports the Fresnel propagation of the diffracted waves. The presented method is very flexible and has the potential of dealing with dynamical X-ray or neutron diffraction problems related to crystals of arbitrary shape and deformation. The reference implementation based on the commercial COMSOL Multiphysics software package is available to the relevant user community.Peer reviewe
A computationally efficient method to solve the Takagi-Taupin equations for a large deformed crystal
We present a treatise on solving the Takagi-Taupin equations in the case of a strain field with an additional, spatially slowly varying component (owing to e.g. heat expansion or angular compression). We show that the presence of such a component in a typical case merely shifts the reflectivity curve as a function of wavelength or incidence angle, while having a negligible effect on its shape. On the basis of the derived result, we develop a computationally efficient method to calculate the reflectivity curve of a large deformed crystal. The validity of the method is demonstrated by compared computed reflectivity curves with experimental ones for bent silicon wafers. An excellent agreement is observed.Peer reviewe
Study on the reflectivity properties of spherically bent analyser crystals
Corrigendum (J. Synchrotron Rad. - 2017 : 24, 545-546). DOI: 10.1107/S1600577516019287.Peer reviewe
Johann-type laboratory-scale x-ray absorption spectrometer with versatile detection modes
We present a low-cost laboratory X-ray absorption spectrometer that uses a conventional X-ray tube source and bent Johann-type crystal monochromators. The instrument is designed for X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies in the 4-20 keV range which covers most K edges of 3d transition metals and L edges of 5d transition metals and actinides. The energy resolution is typically in the range of 1-5 eV at 10 keV depending on the crystal analyser and the Bragg angle. Measurements can be performed in transmission, fluorescence, and imaging modes. Due to its simple and modular design, the spectrometer can be modified to accommodate additional equipment and complex sample environments required for in situ studies. A showcase of various applications is presented. Published under license by AIP Publishing.Peer reviewe
Comprehensive study to design advanced metal-carbide@garaphene and metal-carbide@iron oxide nanoparticles with tunable structure by the laser ablation in liquid
Core-shell nanoparticles represent a class of materials that exhibit a variety of properties. By rationally tuning the cores and the shells in such nanoparticles (NPs), a range of materials with tailorable properties can be produced which are of interest for a wide variety of applications. Herein, experimental and theoretical approaches have been combined to show the structural transformation of NPs resulting to the formation of either NiFexCy encapsulated in ultra-thin graphene layer (NiFe@UTG) or Ni3C/FexCy@FeOx NPs with the universal one-step pulse laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) method. Analysis suggests that carbon in Ni3C is the source for the carbon shell formation, whereas the final carbon-shell thickness in the NPs originates from the difference between Ni3C and FexCy phases stability at room temperature. The ternary Ni-Fe-C phase diagram calculations reveal the competition between carbon solubility in the studied metals (Ni and Fe) and their tendency toward oxidation as the key properties to produce controlled core-shell NP materials. As an application example, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution current on the different NPs is measured. The electrochemical analysis of the NPs reveals that NiFe@UTG has the best performance amongst the NPs in this study in both alkaline and acidic media.Peer reviewe
Inner product regularized multi-energy X-ray tomography for material decomposition
Multi-energy X-ray tomography is studied for decomposing three materials
using three X-ray energies and a classical energy-integrating detector. A novel
regularization term comprises inner products between the material distribution
functions, penalizing any overlap of different materials. The method is tested
on real data measured of a phantom embedded with NaSeO, NaSeO,
and elemental selenium. It is found that the two-dimensional distributions of
selenium in different oxidation states can be mapped and distinguished from
each other with the new algorithm. The results have applications in material
science, chemistry, biology and medicine