STEP-NC enabled edge–cloud collaborative manufacturing system for compliant CNC machining

In recent years, edge–cloud collaborative manufacturing systems have been applied to achieve accurate data tracking and intelligent machining analysis in the field of CNC machining. However, due to the lack of other dimensional tags, such as workstep and speed, which are related to process data, the current systems are still at a level of processing time-tag machining data. It is of great significance to address the problem of linking actual machining data with other dimensional tags, which can achieve more accurate and intelligent data interaction between design and manufacturing. This paper proposes an edge–cloud collaborative manufacturing system based on STEP-NC, which enables the exchange of machining data tagged by workstep, improves the accuracy of data traceability, and lays the foundation for more intelligent processing analysis. Especially, a method of dynamic task delivery and data subscription according to the environment is proposed to improve the manufacturing system's two-way data flow interaction ability. On the basis of that, a manufacturing information segmentation method based on workstep is proposed, which makes it easier to sort information from the coupled data. In addition, the system is compatible with heterogeneous CNC machine tools to achieve large-scale industrial applications. Finally, a prototype system has been installed in a workshop located in COMAC, and corresponding experiments are carried out on the CNC machine tool for COMAC parts manufacturing, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed method

Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Short-term treatment for people with type 2 diabetes using a low dose of the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist atrasentan reduces albuminuria without causing significant sodium retention. We report the long-term effects of treatment with atrasentan on major renal outcomes. Methods: We did this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 689 sites in 41 countries. We enrolled adults aged 18–85 years with type 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)25–75 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 of body surface area, and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)of 300–5000 mg/g who had received maximum labelled or tolerated renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 4 weeks. Participants were given atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily during an enrichment period before random group assignment. Those with a UACR decrease of at least 30% with no substantial fluid retention during the enrichment period (responders)were included in the double-blind treatment period. Responders were randomly assigned to receive either atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily or placebo. All patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (sustained for ≥30 days)or end-stage kidney disease (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 sustained for ≥90 days, chronic dialysis for ≥90 days, kidney transplantation, or death from kidney failure)in the intention-to-treat population of all responders. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of their assigned study treatment. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01858532. Findings: Between May 17, 2013, and July 13, 2017, 11 087 patients were screened; 5117 entered the enrichment period, and 4711 completed the enrichment period. Of these, 2648 patients were responders and were randomly assigned to the atrasentan group (n=1325)or placebo group (n=1323). Median follow-up was 2·2 years (IQR 1·4–2·9). 79 (6·0%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 105 (7·9%)of 1323 in the placebo group had a primary composite renal endpoint event (hazard ratio [HR]0·65 [95% CI 0·49–0·88]; p=0·0047). Fluid retention and anaemia adverse events, which have been previously attributed to endothelin receptor antagonists, were more frequent in the atrasentan group than in the placebo group. Hospital admission for heart failure occurred in 47 (3·5%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 34 (2·6%)of 1323 patients in the placebo group (HR 1·33 [95% CI 0·85–2·07]; p=0·208). 58 (4·4%)patients in the atrasentan group and 52 (3·9%)in the placebo group died (HR 1·09 [95% CI 0·75–1·59]; p=0·65). Interpretation: Atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease who were selected to optimise efficacy and safety. These data support a potential role for selective endothelin receptor antagonists in protecting renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Funding: AbbVie

Geologic feature and tectonic evolution in the South Yellow Sea

Abstract South Yellow Sea is mainly located on the Yangtze platform, which is a sequence residual basin that has been migrated and superimposed since the late Proterozoic, and has been transformed many times to make the original appearance incomplete. South Yellow Sea Basin has a complex process of formation and evolution. South Yellow Sea has the characteristics of north-south block and east-west zoning. The fault is dominated by the direction of NEE, NE and NW. The fault zone has large extension length and staggered structures in all directions, which is featured by multi-type and multi-order. The main magmatic rocks in the South Yellow Sea are Yanshan period magmatic rock, and the distribution of rock mass is controlled by NE fracture, and has the characteristics of multi-stage activities with large and frequent strength. Since its formation, the South Yellow Sea region has experienced six tectonic movements, among which Yizheng Movement, the First Act of Wubao Movement, and Sanduo Movement are three major tectonic movements. The structural relationship and interaction between the Sino-Korean Block and Yangtze Block as well as Yangtze Block and South China Block, would provide important insights to the formation and evolution process of South Yellow Sea Basin, and the activity of Eurasian plate and the interaction between the surrounding plates.</jats:p