5 years of plankton monitoring in Southampton Water and the Solent including FerryBox, Dock Monitor and discrete sample data

The Environment Agency (EA) has to make a eutrophication status assessment of the Solent and its harbours every four years. This requires a review of the frequency and magnitude of phytoplankton blooms. To assist with this process SOC has prepared this report to provide a "meta-data base" describing the relevant data sets collected by SOC between 1999 and 2003. It provides details of :- (1) methods used to collect the data (2) errors associated with the methods (3) calibration and quality control procedures used (4) changes in procedures (5) references to technical reports and theses containing detailed descriptions of the methods used. Changes in concentrations of chlorophyll in relation to concentrations of nutrients at SOC study sites in Southampton Water are plotted in graphs. The occurrence of bloom events and processes of bloom limitation are described. In particular observations of the variation of chlorophyll concentrations made using the FerryBox route between Town Quay Southampton and Cowes Isle of Wight are described and the development of the systems and associated problems are detailed. The information is presented as (i) graphs of the whole data set at all locations against time for each year (ii) 3D maps of the variation in concentrations with location and time (iii) time series for single locations along the FerryBox track

Open data from the third observing run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO

The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org. The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages

5 years of plankton monitoring in Southampton Water and the Solent including FerryBox, Dock Monitor and discrete sample data

The Environment Agency (EA) has to make a eutrophication status assessment of the Solent and its harbours every four years. This requires a review of the frequency and magnitude of phytoplankton blooms. To assist with this process SOC has prepared this report to provide a "meta-data base" describing the relevant data sets collected by SOC between 1999 and 2003. It provides details of :- (1) methods used to collect the data (2) errors associated with the methods (3) calibration and quality control procedures used (4) changes in procedures (5) references to technical reports and theses containing detailed descriptions of the methods used. Changes in concentrations of chlorophyll in relation to concentrations of nutrients at SOC study sites in Southampton Water are plotted in graphs. The occurrence of bloom events and processes of bloom limitation are described. In particular observations of the variation of chlorophyll concentrations made using the FerryBox route between Town Quay Southampton and Cowes Isle of Wight are described and the development of the systems and associated problems are detailed. The information is presented as (i) graphs of the whole data set at all locations against time for each year (ii) 3D maps of the variation in concentrations with location and time (iii) time series for single locations along the FerryBox track

Phytoplankton, nutrients and hydrography in the frontal zone between the Southwest Indian Subtropical gyre and the Southern Ocean

A survey was made of the Southwest Indian Ocean frontal region between 30 and 50°E containing the Agulhas Return, Subtropical and Subantarctic Fronts. From CTD, SeaSoar and extracted samples the distribution of nitrate, silicate and chlorophyll a is shown to be strongly linked to the front and water mass structure, varying zonally and meridionally. Surface chlorophyll a concentrations were low to the north and south leaving a band of elevated chlorophyll between the Subtropical and Subantarctic Fronts. The low concentration of chlorophyll a to the north, in Subtropical Water, was clearly due to nitrate limitation. Between the Subtropical and Subantarctic Fronts, where the chlorophyll a concentrations were highest, the surface layer showed silicate depletion limiting diatom growth. South of the Subantarctic Front there were deep extending, low concentrations of chlorophyll a, but despite plentiful supplies of macro-nutrients and a well-stratified surface layer, high concentrations of chlorophyll a were absent. Changes from west to east were associated with the meandering of the Southern Ocean Fronts, especially the Subtropical Front, and their strength and proximity to each other. Concentrations of chlorophyll a peaked where the Agulhas Return, Subtropical and Subantarctic Fronts were in close proximity. Combined frontal structures appear to have particularly pronounced vertical stability and are associated with enhanced upwelling of nutrients and leakage of nutrients across the front. Light levels are high within the shallow stable layer. Such conditions are clearly favourable for biological growth and support the development of larger-celled phytoplankton communities