Stress Urinary Incontinence in the Human Female: Gravity and Ecomorphologic Influences on Bladder and Urethral Function of the Human Female

This study was undertaken to determine if the biped stale of the human female constituted a stress force in urethrovesical physiological function. To arrive at realistic conclusions, the ecomorphologic changes incidental to the conquest of gravity by the vertebrates have been reviewed. Accepting the evolutionary precepts as expressed by Hobart Smith that if all parts of the evolutionary chain were known, it would be impossible to draw a logical distinction between man and nonman, Romer slated Bone for bone, muscle for muscle, organ for organ, almost every feature of the ape is repeated in the human body. The differences are almost entirely differences in proportions and relations of parts Assumption of erect posture by man, as compared to the quadruped, sharply altered urethrovesical relationship. The relative position in the abdominal cavity of the bladder and urethra was changed from a lateral to an inferior position, resulting in an increase in intravesical pressure because the long diameter of the abdominal cavity was oriented vertically. More specifically, the relative position of the urethrovesical function was changed from a lateral to an inferior position when the pressure was the greatest. There is little doubt that this change has played a role in the development of stress urinary incontinence, and there is some evidence to suggest that deficient urethrovesical function to increased gravimetric stress may represent an example of deficient evolutionary adaptation

Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube

Seven cases of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube have been reviewed and compared with cases previously reported in the literature. Sterility was present in 51% of patients. There was a variety of symptoms, but the most frequent was vaginal discharge, in 42% of patients. Two patients manifested urinary symptoms and one patient ascites. In six of our seven patients, an adnexal mass was present. Although clinical diagnosis will always be difficult one should be highly suspicious of this disease in patients between 40 and 60 years of age with these symptoms

Perspective: Current advances in solid-state NMR spectroscopy

In contrast to the rapid and revolutionary impact of solution-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) on modern chemistry, the field of solid-state NMR has matured more slowly. This reflects the major technical challenges of much reduced spectral resolution and sensitivity in solid-state as compared to solution-state spectra, as well as the relative complexity of the solid state. In this perspective, we outline the technique developments that have pushed resolution to intrinsic limits and the approaches, including ongoing major developments in the field of Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation, that have enhanced spectral sensitivity. The information on local structure and dynamics that can be obtained using these gains in sensitivity and resolution is illustrated with a diverse range of examples from large biomolecules to energy materials and pharmaceuticals and from both ordered and highly disordered materials. We discuss how parallel developments in quantum chemical calculation, particularly density functional theory, have enabled experimental data to be translated directly into information on local structure and dynamics, giving rise to the developing field of “NMR crystallography

Argonaute Utilization for miRNA Silencing Is Determined by Phosphorylation-Dependent Recruitment of LIM-Domain-Containing Proteins

As core components of the microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), Argonaute (AGO) proteins interact with TNRC6 proteins, recruiting other effectors of translational repression/mRNA destabilization. Here, we show that LIMD1 coordinates the assembly of an AGO-TNRC6 containing miRISC complex by binding both proteins simultaneously at distinct interfaces. Phosphorylation of AGO2 at Ser 387 by Akt3 induces LIMD1 binding, which in turn enables AGO2 to interact with TNRC6A and downstream effector DDX6. Conservation of this serine in AGO1 and 4 indicates this mechanism may be a fundamental requirement for AGO function and miRISC assembly. Upon CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of LIMD1, AGO2 miRNA-silencing function is lost and miRNA silencing becomes dependent on a complex formed by AGO3 and the LIMD1 family member WTIP. The switch to AGO3 utilization occurs due to the presence of a glutamic acid residue (E390) on the interaction interface, which allows AGO3 to bind to LIMD1, AJUBA, and WTIP irrespective of Akt signaling

A framework for the detection of de novo mutations in family-based sequencing data

Francioli LC, Cretu-Stancu M, Garimella KV, et al. A framework for the detection of de novo mutations in family-based sequencing data. European Journal of Human Genetics. 2016;25(2):227-233

Unmet psychosocial needs in haematological cancer: A systematic review

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2123-5A systematic review of key online databases and psycho-oncology journals was conducted to identify papers that formally assessed unmet psychosocial needs in adults with a diagnosis of haematological cancer