767 research outputs found
Global Care Crisis. Mother and childâs-eye view
As trabalhadoras migrantes enviam dinheiro que ganham em casas ricas no Norte
para as suas famĂlias pobres e de classe mĂ©dia no Sul. Enquanto o dinheiro caminha
para o Sul, o trabalho do cuidar caminha para o Norte, criando um âdĂ©fice de cuidadosâ
no Sul.Noentanto, ouvimos com frequĂȘncia a histĂłria emotiva de quem recebe
cuidados no Norte e a histĂłria econĂłmica dos prestadores de cuidados no Sul.
Recorrendo a estudos recentes sobre filhos de trabalhadores migrantes na Costa
Rica, nas Filipinas e emKerala, na Ăndia, exploramos o processo atravĂ©s do qual estas
crianças sĂŁo cuidadas e as provas emocionais que tĂȘm de superar com muita frequĂȘncia:
gerir a incompreensĂŁo da ausĂȘncia da mĂŁe, a tristeza por essa ausĂȘncia, a
inveja das crianças com mĂŁes nĂŁo migrantes e a ambivalĂȘncia relativamente aos
presentes materiais. Muitosâtanto no Sul como no Norteâocultam a experiĂȘncia
dessas crianças, consideram-na normal ou discutem-na como matéria privada
da moralidade da mĂŁe. Mas o dĂ©fice do cuidar, entre outros factores, Ă© umprejuĂzo
trĂĄgico e oculto que resulta da nossa incapacidade social para encontrar melhores
formas de distribuição da riqueza do globo.Female migrant workers send money they earn in affluent homes of the North to
their poor and middle class families in the South. As money flows south, caring labor
flows north, creating a âcare drainâ in the South. Yet, we often hear the emotional
story of care recipients of the North and the economic story of care givers from
the South. Drawing on recent scholarship on the children of migrant workers in Costa Rica, the Philippines and Kerala, India, we explore the many ways in which
such children receive care, and the emotional tasks they often face: to manage
doubt as to why oneâs mother left, sadness at her absence, envy of children with
non-migrant mothers, and ambivalence about material gifts. Many â in both the
South and Northâsuppress the childrenâs experience, normalize it, or discuss it as
a private matter of a motherâs morality. But the care drain is, among other things, a
tragic hidden injury that results from our social failure to find better ways to fairly
distribute the wealth of the globe.Les travailleuses migrantes envoient lâargent quâelles gagnent dans les belles maisons
du nord Ă leurs familles pauvres et de la classe moyenne du sud. Tandis que
lâargent circule vers le sud, les soins maternels circulent vers le nord, crĂ©ant un «dĂ©ficit
de soins» dans le sud. Cependant, on entend souvent lâhistoire Ă©mouvante de
ceux qui reçoivent les soins dans le nord et lâhistoire Ă©conomique des prestataires
de soins dans le sud.Ăpartir dâĂ©tudes rĂ©centes sur les enfants des travailleuses migrantes
au Costa Rica, aux Philippines et à Kerala, en Inde, nous avons étudié le
processus par lequel on prend soin de ces enfants et les Ă©preuves Ă©motionnelles
quâils doivent souvent surmonter: incomprĂ©hension de lâabsence de la mer, tristesse
causĂ©e par cette absence, jalousie Ă lâĂ©gard des enfants dont les mĂšres ne sont pas
migrantes et ambivalence vis-Ă -vis des cadeaux matĂ©riels. Beaucoupâaussi bien
dans le sud que dans le nordâcachent lâexpĂ©rience de ces enfants, la considĂšrent
normale ou en parlent comme dâune affaire privĂ©e de la moralitĂ© de la mĂšre. Mais,
entre autres facteurs, le déficit de soins est un préjudice tragique et caché qui découle
de notre incapacité sociale à trouver de solutions mieux adaptées à la répartition
des richesses sur la planĂšte.Las trabajadoras emigrantes envĂan dinero que ganan en casas ricas en el Norte
para sus familias pobres y de clase media en el Sur. Al mismo tiempo que el dinero
va para el Sur, el trabajo del cuidado se dirige hacia el Norte, creando asĂ un âdĂ©ficit
del cuidadoâ en el Sur. Sin embargo, oĂmos con frecuencia, la historia emotiva de
quien recibe el cuidado en el Norte y la historia econĂłmica de quien cuida en el Sur.
Recurriendo a estudios recientes sobre hijos de trabajadores emigrantes en Costa
Rica, en Filipinas y en Kerala, en la India, exploramos el proceso a través del cual estos
niños son cuidados y las pruebas emocionales que tienen que superar a menudo: administrar la incomprensión de la ausencia de la madre, la tristeza por
esa ausencia, la envidia de las criaturas con madres no emigrantes y la ambivalencia
en relaciĂłn a los regalos materiales. Muchosâtanto en el Sur como en el Norte
âocultan la experiencia de esas criaturas, la consideran normal o la discuten como
asunto privado de la moralidad de la madre. Pero el déficit del cuidado, entre otros
factores, es un prejuicio trĂĄgico y oculto, producto de nuestra incapacidad social
para encontrar mejores formas de distribuciĂłn de la riqueza global
Flexible markets, stable societies?
"Parallel zum Niedergang des NormalarbeitsverhĂ€ltnisses seit den Siebzigerjahren haben auch die familiĂ€ren Beziehungen an institutioneller Verbindlichkeit verloren. Das Papier - die leicht ĂŒberarbeitete Fassung eines Plenarvortrags beim 34. Deutschen Soziologentag im Oktober 2008 - diskutiert mögliche ZusammenhĂ€nge zwischen der Flexibilisierung von ArbeitsmĂ€rkten und Familienstrukturen und setzt diese in Beziehung zu der gleichzeitig gesunkenen Geburtenrate. Als Ursache der Koevolution von ArbeitsmĂ€rkten und Familienbeziehungen kommen sowohl die AttraktivitĂ€t freier MĂ€rkte als auch die von ihnen ausgehenden wirtschaftlichen ZwĂ€nge in Frage. Der gegenwĂ€rtige Ăbergang zu einer neuen, auf Hebung der Geburtenrate zielenden Sozialpolitik ist ein Beispiel, wie die Expansion von Marktbeziehungen und die von ihr ausgehende Unsicherheit auch der persönlichen LebensverhĂ€ltnisse Forderungen nach staatlicher Intervention nach sich zieht. Die Logik ist dieselbe wie in der Bankenkrise, wo die Befreiung der KapitalmĂ€rkte von traditionellen BeschrĂ€nkungen und die zunehmende Kommodifizierung des Geldes den Staat gezwungen haben, mit öffentlichen Mitteln stabile Erwartungen und gegenseitiges Vertrauen wiederherzustellen. In beiden FĂ€llen, und wahrscheinlich generell, erzeugt Kapitalismus ein BedĂŒrfnis nach staatlicher Ersatzbeschaffung fĂŒr soziale Beziehungen, die als Folge ihrer Vermarktung ihre ursprĂŒnglichen Funktionen nicht mehr zu erfĂŒllen vermögen." (Autorenreferat)"The dissolution of the standard employment relationship since the 1970s has been paralleled by a destabilization of family relations. The paper, which is a slightly revised version of a plenary lecture at the 2008 Meeting of the German Sociological Association, discusses possible connections between the rise of more flexible labor market and family structures, and explores how they might tie in with the declining birth rate. The co-evolution of labor markets and family relations can be explained by both the attractions and the constraints of free markets. The current shift toward a new social policy aimed at increasing fertility is presented as an example of how expanding market relations and the uncertainty to which they give rise in personal life cause demands for state intervention. The logic seems remarkably similar to that of the current banking crisis, where the liberation of financial markets from traditional constraints and the progressive commodification of money have ultimately issued in irresistible pressures on the state to step in and restore the social commons of stable expectations and mutual confidence. In both cases, and perhaps generally, capitalism seems to imply a need for a public power capable of creating substitutes for social relations invaded by market relations and as a consequence losing their capacity to perform some of their previous functions." (author's abstract
Visions and Revisions: Women and the Power to Change
This final panel, summing up and looking ahead at the end of the First NWSA Convention, borrowed part of its title from the collection of essays on feminism and education Women and the Power to Change [1975]. Contributors to that volume, and other writer-organizers joining them here, were asked to reflect on their work of the early \u2770s and to offer their analysesâand their visionsâfor the \u2780s
Selling motherhood: Gendered emotional labour, citizenly discounting, and alienation among Chinaâs migrant domestic workers
The feminization of care migration in transnational contexts has received a great deal of attention. Scholars, however, have been slow to investigate a similar trend in intranational contexts. This article expands existing research on global care chains by examining the gendered emotional labor of migrant domestic workers pertaining to Chinaâs intranational care chains. While the former often foregrounds âracial or ethnic discounting,â the latter is characterized by âcitizenly discountingâ whereby migrant domestic workers are subject to an overarching system of alienation, subordination, and exploitation owning to their second-class rural hĂčkĆu (household registration) status. Drawing on a participant-observation study of nannies, this article highlights how the intersection of gender and rural-urban citizenship is the key to grasping Chinaâs migrant domestic workersâ experiences of extensive alienation at the nexus of work, family, and wider society. By delving into a particular set of political, economic, and cultural forces in the Chinese context, the article makes a distinctive contribution to a more nuanced and context-sensitive understanding of the interface of gender, emotional labor, and care migration
The multiple lives of affect: a case study of commercial surrogacy
This article intervenes into contemporary scholarship on affect by bringing different affect theories into the same analytical frame. Analysing commercial surrogacy in India through three different conceptualizations of affect found in the work of Michael Hardt, Sara Ahmed and Brian Massumi reveals how affect emerges as a malleable state in the practice of, as a circulatory force in the debates around, and as an ephemeral intensity in the spontaneous resistance to surrogacy. Based on this analysis, I suggest that integrating different theories of affect enables more holistic examinations of corporeal regulation by opening our understanding to the multiple lives of affect that operate on the level of political economy, cultural signification and material intensity simultaneously
Towards a Critical Understanding of Music, Emotion and Self-Identity
The article begins by outlining a dominant conception of these relations in sociologically informed analysis of music, which sees music primarily as a positive resource for active self-making. My argument is that this conception rests on a problematic notion of the self and also on an overly optimistic understanding of music, which implicitly sees music as highly independent of negative social and historical processes. I then attempt to construct a) a more adequately critical conception of personal identity in modern societies; and b) a more balanced appraisal of music-society relations. I suggest two ways in which relations between self, music and society may not always be quite so positive or as healthy as the dominant conception suggests: 1) Music is now bound up with the incorporation of authenticity and creativity into capitalism, and with intensified consumption habits. 2) Emotional self-realisation through music is now linked to status competition. Interviews are analysed
Feminist Reflections on the Scope of Labour Law: Domestic Work, Social Reproduction and Jurisdiction
Drawing on feminist labour law and political economy literature, I argue that it is crucial to interrogate the personal and territorial scope of labour. After discussing the âcommodificationâ of care, global care chains, and body work, I claim that the territorial scope of labour law must be expanded beyond that nation state to include transnational processes. I use the idea of social reproduction both to illustrate and to examine some of the recurring regulatory dilemmas that plague labour markets. I argue that unpaid care and domestic work performed in the household, typically by women, troubles the personal scope of labour law. I use the example of this specific type of personal service relation to illustrate my claim that the jurisdiction of labour law is historical and contingent, rather than conceptual and universal. I conclude by identifying some of the implications of redrawing the territorial and personal scope of labour law in light of feminist understandings of social reproduction
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