285 research outputs found

    Dance of the Footlights : Caprice Characteristic

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    https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/2202/thumbnail.jp

    There\u27s No One Like The Old Folks After All

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    https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/6423/thumbnail.jp

    Research Vessel HEINCKE Operated by the Alfred-Wegener-Institute

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    HEINCKE operated by the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, is a medium size multipurpose research vessel, which was designed for long-term cruises throughout the North Atlantic Sea up to Svalbard and the adjacent shelf seas. She offers work places and accommodation for 12 scientists and 12 crew members. The operating range of this low noise ship is about 7500 nautical miles (= 30 passage days). Four laboratories (wet, dry, constant temperature controlled and hydroacoustic/CTD) offer almost vibration-free work places. Additionally space is available for special containers. The ship is equipped with several winch systems, cranes, and sonar systems, which allow a wide range of biological, chemical, oceanographic, geological and geophysical research applications. The onboard science support equipment allows working in water depths of up to approximately 2000 meters

    Iman und 'amal im historischen Kontext der Denkschulen

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    Diese Masterarbeit besteht aus zwei Teilen. Das erste Kapitel gibt die Ansichten verschiedener islamischer Strömungen in Bezug auf deren Verständnis von Glaube und Praxis wieder. Im zweiten Kapitel erfolgt eine empirische Untersuchung, in der der Standpunkt von muslimischen SchülerInnen in österreichischen Gymnasien zum selben Sachverhalt erfragt wird. Im ersten Teil wird das Verhältnis bestimmter islamischer Strömungen auf ihr Verhältnis von Glaube und Tat unter der Berücksichtigung von gesellschaftlichen und politischen Einflüssen untersucht. Es wird ein Unterschied gemacht zwischen frühen Denkschulen wie den ḫawāriǧ, der murǧiʾa und qadarīya, sowie den später erschienen theologischen Schulen der ašʿarīya und der māturīdīya. Ziel ist es dabei festzustellen, ob sich im Laufe der Zeit eine Entwicklung vollzogen hat, wie diese aussieht und worauf sie zurückgeführt wird. Die beiden letzteren Strömungen werden ebenfalls auf frühe und späte Vertreter hin untersucht, um die interne Entfaltung und die Änderungen nachvollziehen zu können. Die rein historisch-theologische Betrachtung ist notwendig, um die heutigen Standpunkte, die sich in der Geschichte entwickelt haben, besser verstehen zu können. Heute gängige Ansichten haben eine lange Entwicklung hinter sich und sind zum Teil das Ergebnis von Reaktionen auf andere Strömungen um deren Credo zu widerlegen. Im zweiten Teil wird die Einstellung der SchülerInnen bezüglich deren Vorstellungen von Glaube und Tat mittels eines Fragebogens untersucht. Interessant ist hierbei auch zu erfahren, ob die heute mehrheitlich vertretenen Glaubensschulen der ašʿarīya und der māturīdīya mit ihren jeweiligen Vorstellungen bei den SchülerInnen Gehör gefunden haben. Im Fragebogen werden hauptsächlich unterschiedliche Fälle geschildert, die von den SchülerInnen dahin gehend bewertet werden müssen, ob es sich bei der geschilderten Person ihrer Ansicht nach noch um ein Mitglied er muslimischen Gemeinschaft handelt oder nicht. Diese Vorgehensweise wurde einerseits gewählt, da die Frage, ob es sich bei einem Sünder noch um einen Muslim handelt, von den verschiedenen Strömungen diskutiert wurde und andererseits der Einfachheit halber, damit auch die jüngeren SchülerInnen diese Fragen beantworten können

    Influence of Columnar Microstructure on Ultrasonic Backscattering

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    Most structural materials are polycrystalline, that is, they are composed of numerous discrete grains, each having a regular, crystalline atomic structure. The elastic properties of the grains are anisotropic and their crystallographic axes are differently oriented. When an ultrasonic wave propagates through such a polycrystalline aggregate, it is scattered at the grain boundaries. The fraction of sound energy thus removed from the main beam is responsible for important phenomenons like attenuation and dispersion of the main beam, and background “noise” associated with a given ultrasonic inspection system. The amount of sound energy removed from the main beam depends on the size, shape, and orientation distributions of the grains. If the grains are equiaxed and randomly oriented, propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave has no effect upon the magnitude of the scattered energy. Such is not the case when an acoustic wave travels through materials like centrifugally cast stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel welds, which are used extensively in nuclear power plants. The microstructures of these stainless steels vary from randomly oriented, equiaxed grains to highly oriented, columnar grains.1,2 Since the backscattered signals tend to mask the signals from small and subtle defects, the estimation of probability of detection of such defects requires quantitative description of these signals. Consequently, an effort has been undertaken in this research to quantify the backscattered signals from microstructures with favored grain orientation and grain elongation

    Distance dependence of the phase signal in eddy current microscopy

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    Atomic force microscopy using a magnetic tip is a promising tool for investigating conductivity on the nano-scale. By the oscillating magnetic tip eddy currents are induced in the conducting parts of the sample which can be detected in the phase signal of the cantilever. However, the origin of the phase signal is still controversial because theoretical calculations using a monopole appoximation for taking the electromagnetic forces acting on the tip into account yield an effect which is too small by more than two orders of magnitude. In order to determine the origin of the signal we used especially prepared gold nano patterns embedded in a non-conducting polycarbonate matrix and measured the distance dependence of the phase signal. Our data clearly shows that the interacting forces are long ranged and therefore, are likely due to the electromagnetic interaction between the magnetic tip and the conducting parts of the surface. Due to the long range character of the interaction a change in conductivity of Δσ=4,5107(Ω\Delta\sigma=4,5\cdot10^{7} (\Omegam)1)^{-1} can be detected far away from the surface without any interference from the topography

    Global identification of functional microRNA-mRNA interactions in Drosophila

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    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key mediators of post-transcriptional gene expression silencing. So far, no comprehensive experimental annotation of functional miRNA target sites exists in Drosophila. Here, we generated a transcriptome-wide in vivo map of miRNA-mRNA interactions in Drosophila melanogaster, making use of single nucleotide resolution in Argonaute1 (AGO1) crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) data. Absolute quantification of cellular miRNA levels presents the miRNA pool in Drosophila cell lines to be more diverse than previously reported. Benchmarking two CLIP approaches, we identify a similar predictive potential to unambiguously assign thousands of miRNA-mRNA pairs from AGO1 interaction data at unprecedented depth, achieving higher signal-to-noise ratios than with computational methods alone. Quantitative RNA-seq and sub-codon resolution ribosomal footprinting data upon AGO1 depletion enabled the determination of miRNA-mediated effects on target expression and translation. We thus provide the first comprehensive resource of miRNA target sites and their quantitative functional impact in Drosophila

    Ancient gene duplications have shaped developmental stage-specific expression in Pristionchus pacificus

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    BACKGROUND: The development of multicellular organisms is accompanied by gene expression changes in differentiating cells. Profiling stage-specific expression during development may reveal important insights into gene sets that contributed to the morphological diversity across the animal kingdom. RESULTS: We sequenced RNA-seq libraries throughout a developmental timecourse of the nematode Pristionchus pacificus. The transcriptomes reflect early larval stages, adult worms including late larvae, and growth-arrested dauer larvae and allowed the identification of developmentally regulated gene clusters. Our data reveals similar trends as previous transcriptome profiling of dauer worms and represents the first expression data for early larvae in P. pacificus. Gene expression clusters characterizing early larval stages show most significant enrichments of chaperones, while collagens are most significantly enriched in transcriptomes of late larvae and adult worms. By combining expression data with phylogenetic analysis, we found that developmentally regulated genes are found in paralogous clusters that have arisen through lineage-specific duplications after the split from the Caenorhabditis elegans branch. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that gene duplications of developmentally regulated genes represent a plausible evolutionary mechanism to increase the dosage of stage-specific expression. Consequently, this may contribute to the substantial divergence in expression profiles that has been observed across larger evolutionary time scales
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