Discovering Universal Geometry in Embeddings with ICA

This study utilizes Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to unveil a consistent semantic structure within embeddings of words or images. Our approach extracts independent semantic components from the embeddings of a pre-trained model by leveraging anisotropic information that remains after the whitening process in Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We demonstrate that each embedding can be expressed as a composition of a few intrinsic interpretable axes and that these semantic axes remain consistent across different languages, algorithms, and modalities. The discovery of a universal semantic structure in the geometric patterns of embeddings enhances our understanding of the representations in embeddings.Comment: 29 pages, EMNLP 202

Influence of Ge composition in the Cu2Sn1-xGexS3 thin-film photovoltaic absorber prepared by sulfurization of laminated metallic precursor

Cu2Sn1-xGexS3 thin-film absorbers are prepared by sulfurization of laminated precursors. The crystal grain size is enhanced under higher growth temperature and/or sulfur pressure. By the XRD and Raman analyses, the crystal alloy is considered to be composed of majority monoclinic phase with minority secondary phase such as Cu-2(Sn1-xGex)(3)S-7 throughout the whole Ge/(Ge+Sn) composition range. The optical band gap is observed to be varied between 0.94 eV and 1.30 eV in relation with the Ge contents. A photovoltaic conversion efficiency of about 2% is obtained in the sample utilizing Cu2Sn0.6Ge0.4S3 absorber. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.ArticleSOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS. 140:312-319 (2015)journal articl

Clinical characteristics of DM-PM ILD

Background : Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) often have association with interstitial lung disease (ILD) which have disease specific autoantibody. Methodology :We reviewed medical records of DM/PM associated ILD from January 2000 to December 2017 according to the autoantibody. Result : We identified 52 patients, of whom30 were antibody negative, 18 had anti aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) antibodies and 4 had anti melanoma differentiation-associated gene (MDA)-5 antibody. In high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest, area of ground glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, and lung tip consolidation were more extensive in anti MDA-5 antibody positive patients (p=0.051, p=0.026, and p=0.027, respectively). Among laboratory findings, GOT had strong correlations with CPK (r=0.889, p<0.001), and LDH (r=0.910, p<0.001). Among roentgenographic findings, there were moderate correlations between GGO and consolidation (r=0.668, p<0.001), and between reticular shadow and traction bronchiectasis (p=0.633, p<0.001). ILD patients with anti MDA-5 antibodies had decreased survival (1.00 vs 84.3, 22.9 months, p<0.001). Conclusion : ILD patients with anti ARS antibody had intense inflammation, but reversible fibrosis and good prognosis. On the other hand, anti MDA-5 antibody positive ILD patients had shorter survival. Extent of parenchymal shadow and serum GOT were useful indicator of disease activity of PM/DM associated ILD patients in our cohort

Clinical characteristics of DM-PM ILD

Background : Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) often have association with interstitial lung disease (ILD) which have disease specific autoantibody. Methodology :We reviewed medical records of DM/PM associated ILD from January 2000 to December 2017 according to the autoantibody. Result : We identified 52 patients, of whom30 were antibody negative, 18 had anti aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) antibodies and 4 had anti melanoma differentiation-associated gene (MDA)-5 antibody. In high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest, area of ground glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, and lung tip consolidation were more extensive in anti MDA-5 antibody positive patients (p=0.051, p=0.026, and p=0.027, respectively). Among laboratory findings, GOT had strong correlations with CPK (r=0.889, p<0.001), and LDH (r=0.910, p<0.001). Among roentgenographic findings, there were moderate correlations between GGO and consolidation (r=0.668, p<0.001), and between reticular shadow and traction bronchiectasis (p=0.633, p<0.001). ILD patients with anti MDA-5 antibodies had decreased survival (1.00 vs 84.3, 22.9 months, p<0.001). Conclusion : ILD patients with anti ARS antibody had intense inflammation, but reversible fibrosis and good prognosis. On the other hand, anti MDA-5 antibody positive ILD patients had shorter survival. Extent of parenchymal shadow and serum GOT were useful indicator of disease activity of PM/DM associated ILD patients in our cohort

First Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program

The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) is a three-layered imaging survey aimed at addressing some of the most outstanding questions in astronomy today, including the nature of dark matter and dark energy. The survey has been awarded 300 nights of observing time at the Subaru Telescope and it started in March 2014. This paper presents the first public data release of HSC-SSP. This release includes data taken in the first 1.7 years of observations (61.5 nights) and each of the Wide, Deep, and UltraDeep layers covers about 108, 26, and 4 square degrees down to depths of i~26.4, ~26.5, and ~27.0 mag, respectively (5sigma for point sources). All the layers are observed in five broad bands (grizy), and the Deep and UltraDeep layers are observed in narrow bands as well. We achieve an impressive image quality of 0.6 arcsec in the i-band in the Wide layer. We show that we achieve 1-2 per cent PSF photometry (rms) both internally and externally (against Pan-STARRS1), and ~10 mas and 40 mas internal and external astrometric accuracy, respectively. Both the calibrated images and catalogs are made available to the community through dedicated user interfaces and database servers. In addition to the pipeline products, we also provide value-added products such as photometric redshifts and a collection of public spectroscopic redshifts. Detailed descriptions of all the data can be found online. The data release website is https://hsc-release.mtk.nao.ac.jp/.Comment: 34 pages, 20 figures, 7 tables, moderate revision, accepted for publication in PAS

The Precision nEDM Measurement with UltraCold Neutrons at TRIUMF

The TRIUMF Ultra-Cold Advanced Neutron (TUCAN) collaboration aims at a precision neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) measurement with an uncertainty of $10^{-27}\,e\cdot\mathrm{cm}$, which is an order-of-magnitude better than the current nEDM upper limit and enables us to test Supersymmetry. To achieve this precision, we are developing a new high-intensity ultracold neutron (UCN) source using super-thermal UCN production in superfluid helium (He-II) and a nEDM spectrometer. The current development status of them is reported in this article.Comment: Proceedings of the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN 2021), 18-22 October 2021, Matsue, Japa

The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP survey: Overview and survey design

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is a wide-field imaging camera on the prime focus of the 8.2-m Subaru telescope on the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii. A team of scientists from Japan, Taiwan, and Princeton University is using HSC to carry out a 300-night multi-band imaging survey of the high-latitude sky. The survey includes three layers: the Wide layer will cover 1400 deg2 in five broad bands (grizy), with a 5 σ point-source depth of r ≈ 26. The Deep layer covers a total of 26 deg2 in four fields, going roughly a magnitude fainter, while the UltraDeep layer goes almost a magnitude fainter still in two pointings of HSC (a total of 3.5 deg2). Here we describe the instrument, the science goals of the survey, and the survey strategy and data processing. This paper serves as an introduction to a special issue of the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, which includes a large number of technical and scientific papers describing results from the early phases of this survey