Thottea tapanuliensis (Aristolochiaceae): A new species from Sumatra, Indonesia

Thottea tapanuliensis (Aristolochiaceae) is described here based on a plant collected from the west coast of northern Sumatra. This species is only known from type collection and is assigned here as Critically Endangered. Morphological descriptions, photographs, a distribution map, and discussions are provided. A key to all Thottea species in Sumatra is also provided

Confidence and risky decision-making in gambling disorder

Background and aims: People with Gambling Disorder (GD) often make risky decisions and experience cognitive distortions about gambling. Moreover, people with GD have been shown to be overly confident in their decisions, especially when money can be won. Here we investigated if and how the act of making a risky choice with varying monetary stakes impacts confidence differently in patients with GD (n = 27) relative to healthy controls (HCs) (n = 30). Methods: We used data from our previous mixed-gamble study, in which participants were given the choice of a certain option or a 50/50 gamble with potential gains or losses, after which they rated their confidence. Results: While HCs were more confident when making certain than risky choices, GD patients were specifically more confident when making risky choices than certain choices. Notably, relative to HCs, confidence of patients with GD decreased more strongly with higher gain values when making a certain choice, suggesting a stronger fear of missing out or "anticipated regret"of missing out on potential gains when rejecting the risky choice. Discussion: The current findings highlight the potential relevance of confidence and "regret"as cognitive mechanisms feeding into excessive risk-taking as seen in GD. Moreover, this study adds to the limited previous work investigating how confidence is affected in value-based risky contexts.</p

How to Make Architecture Today in Yesterday\u27s Cities

I tihnk that just by reading the title, one can know what the objectives can be: \u27How to make architecture today in yesterday\u27s cities.\u27 Any architectural task requires the consideration of a series of variable; now, if we add to this the respect for what exists, which , by the way, should never be left aside, then we get across two prevailing positions..

TRANSFORMACIONES DEL CAPITAL CULTURAL Y CONFORMACIÓN DEL CAPITAL SOCIAL. LA ESCUELA, LOS PRECEPTORES, LOS ALUMNOS Y SUS FAMILIAS. NORTE CHICO DE CHILE, 1860-1920

Este artículo estudia algunos elementos&nbsp;de cambio y permanencia en el capital cultural&nbsp;de las familias tradicionales populares, y&nbsp;la influencia de capital social de la escuela y&nbsp;los educadores entre 1860 y 1920 en algunas&nbsp;zonas urbanas del&nbsp; Norte Chico. Plantea que las&nbsp;familias populares desplegaron estrategias de&nbsp;conciliación entre el capital cultural tradicional&nbsp;que legaban a sus hijos, con el capital cultural&nbsp;escolar enseñado en la escuela. También evalúa&nbsp;la participación de la&nbsp; familia en la escuela y&nbsp;los procesos educativos, y establece el rol de&nbsp;los sentimientos como agente de cambio en&nbsp;el capital cultural tradicional de las familias&nbsp;populares, facilitando la difusión del valor&nbsp;intangible de la enseñanza escolar.&nbsp; Finalmente,&nbsp;postula que la carencia de capital social de la&nbsp;escuela y especialmente del docente, influyó&nbsp;efectivamente en las bajas tasas de asistencia&nbsp;y escolaridad

El self study como catalizador en los procesos formativos de futuros profesores. Aprendizajes a partir del análisis de los artículos publicados en el monográfico de la Revista Iberoamericana de Educación - REDFFORMA

La Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos (OEI CHILE) a través de su programa de Desarrollo Profesional de profesores, ha apoyado una red de Formadores de Profesores, Redfforma, que reune a académicos de universidades enfocada en el desarrollo profeisonal de Formadores a través del desarrollo de Self Studies. Desde 2016 se han completado tres pe´ríodos de investigación en Self Study, identificando los aspectos que los preocupan en relación con sus prácticas formativas, compartiendo sus halazgos con amigos críticos, tanto nacionales como internacionales. Este contexto hasido el lugar para el análisis y discusión de sus supuestos sobre la enseñanza, el rol de la enseñanza y la responsabilidad del modelaje del formador; así como la oportunidad de analizar su visión respecto de la pedagogía, expectativas y creencias de sus estudiantes sobre los objetivos en los procesos formativos. Este artículo da cuenta del análisis descriptivos de 5 experiencias en este número.  Las reflexiones que surgen de este trabajo tienen un doble propósito, por un lado, proporcionar una visión comparativa de la evidencia obtenida a través de la experiencia desarrollada por los equipos de investigación; y por otro, explicitar desafíos implicados en la instalación de nuevas practicas formativas para los futuros profesores.      

Decadal-scale shifts in soil hydraulic properties as induced by altered precipitation

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.Soil hydraulic properties influence the partitioning of rainfall into infiltration versus runoff, determine plant-available water, and constrain evapotranspiration. Although rapid changes in soil hydraulic properties from direct human disturbance are well documented, climate change may also induce such shifts on decadal time scales. Using soils from a 25-year precipitation manipulation experiment, we found that a 35% increase in water inputs substantially reduced infiltration rates and modestly increased water retention. We posit that these shifts were catalyzed by greater pore blockage by plant roots and reduced shrink-swell cycles. Given that precipitation regimes are expected to change at accelerating rates globally, shifts in soil structure could occur over broad regions more rapidly than expected and thus alter water storage and movement in numerous terrestrial ecosystems

Fungsi Lanskap pada Zona Rehabilitasi di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai

Forest rehabilitation on Gunung Ciremai National Park (GCNP) has been carried out since 2008, but it has not yet known the progress of the landscape function of the rehabilitation fields. The progress of landscape function can be evaluated using landscape function analysis method which yields three indexes namely land stability, water infiltration, and land nutrition cycle. This study aims to determine the progress of landscape function in several GCNP rehabilitation zones based on the age of rehabilitation. The research method consist of: (1) determination of research location, (2) microclimate measurement, (3) measurement of soil characteristics, and (4) landscape function analysis (LFA). Land stability in forest and land rehabilitation zones (RHL) were 9, 7, and 5 years old and the natural zones respectively: 57.9%; 54.3%; 48.6%; and 56.1%, respectively. Infiltration in RHL zones aged 9, 7, and 5 years and natural zones respectively: 49%; 39.4%; 31.8%; and 36.2%, respectively. The nutritional cycle in the RHL zone was 9, 7, and 5 years old and the natural zone was 47.9%; 34.6%; 23.4%; and 29.2%. Therefore a rehabilitation zone in GCNP which is seven years or older showed its landscape function has reached even beyond the original landscape function

Proportional Cerebellum Size Predicts Fear Habituation in Chickens

The cerebellum has a highly conserved neural structure across species but varies widely in size. The wide variation in cerebellar size (both absolute and in proportion to the rest of the brain) among species and populations suggests that functional specialization is linked to its size. There is increasing recognition that the cerebellum contributes to cognitive processing and emotional control in addition to its role in motor coordination. However, to what extent cerebellum size reflects variation in these behavioral processes within species remains largely unknown. By using a unique intercross chicken population based on parental lines with high divergence in cerebellum size, we compared the behavior of individuals repeatedly exposed to the same fear test (emergence test) early in life and after sexual maturity (eight trials per age group) with proportional cerebellum size and cerebellum neural density. While proportional cerebellum size did not predict the initial fear response of the individuals (trial 1), it did increasingly predict adult individuals response as the trials progressed. Our results suggest that proportional cerebellum size does not necessarily predict an individual's fear response, but rather the habituation process to a fearful stimulus. Cerebellum neuronal density did not predict fear behavior in the individuals which suggests that these effects do not result from changes in neuronal density but due to other variables linked to proportional cerebellum size which might underlie fear habituation

Karakteristik Fisiologis Lumut pada Beberapa Ketinggian di Kawasan Gunung Tangkuban Perahu

Environmental factors greatly influence the physiological state of moss. Some of the environmental factors that influence the physiological of moss are air temperature, humidity, and light intensity. These three environmental factors will vary at each altitude. This study aims to determine the physiological characteristics of mosses on some altitudes in the area of Mount Tangkuban Perahu (Ratu Crater – Domas Crater track). The method that are used is to measure air temperature, humidity, and light intensity at some altitudes. Subsequently, samples were taken at each altitude, to measured chlorophyll and proline content. Mosses that are used as samples; Campylopus sp., Plagiochila sp., Dicranella sp. The results indicate that the chlorophyll content significantly different at some altitude, with an increasing trend as the decrease altitude. The highest chlorophyll content in Campylopus sp. at altitude of 1,621 meters above sea level, while the lowest chlorophyll content in Plagiochila sp. at altitude of 1,721 meters above sea level. The content of proline did not differ significantly at some altitude, and tend to be more affected by air conditions that correlate with distance of moss habitat with the active crater of Domas, which allegedly can cause physiological stress in the moss.