Avaliação do teste colorimétrico BLUE-CARBA com inibidores enzimáticos para detecção de metalo-beta-lactamases

TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Farmácia.Métodos fenotípicos para detecção de carbapenemases de baixo custo, que apresentem facilidade na execução e rapidez no tempo de resposta são extremamente necessários na rotina de laboratórios de Microbiologia da área hospitalar. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o método colorimétrico BLUE-CARBA com adição de inibidores enzimáticos ácido etilenodiaminotetracético dissódico (EDTA) e ácido dipicolínico (DPA) para detectar isolados produtores de metalo-β-lactamase (MβL). Ao total foram testados 150 isolados resistentes aos carbapenêmicos, molecularmente caracterizados quanto ao mecanismo de resistência. Foram incluídas diversas espécies entre Enterobacterales e bacilos gram-negativos não-fermentadores de glicose, sendo 71 isolados produtores de MβL (blaNDM, blaIMP-1, blaVIM, blaSPM, blaKPC + blaNDM, blaVIM + blaKPC), 61isolados produtores de serino-carbapenemases (blaKPC, blaGES-5, blaGES-16, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-143) e 18 isolados não produtores de carbapenemases. Os resultados se mostraram com 97% de sensibilidade e 94% de especificidade para DPA e 91% para EDTA na detecção das MβL, 96% de sensibilidade e especificidade de 96% para DPA e EDTA na detecção das KPC. Houve uma detecção de 100% de especificidade para não produtores de carbapenenmases. Não teve detecção para as serino-carbapenemases de classe D OXA-23, OXA-48, OXA-58, OXA-143. Além de haver uma interferência nos resultados com coprodução enzimática como VIM+KPC e NDM+KPC. Determinar a classe enzimática entre as carbapenemases na rotina laboratorial tem sido impreterível, especialmente pela recente aprovação pela ANVISA de um novo antimicrobiano ceftazidima-avibactam, o qual não apresenta atividade contra isolados produtores de MβL.Phenotypic methods for detecting low-cost carbapenemases, which are easy to perform and quickly respond without a response time, are extremely fast in the routine of microbiology laboratories in the hospital area. In this work, the BLUE-CARBA colorimetric method with addition of enzyme inhibitors ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA) and dipicolinic acid (DPA) to detect metallo-β-lactamase (MβL) was evaluated. In total, 150 points resistant to carbapenems were tested, molecularly characterized as to the mechanism of resistance. There were several species among Enterobacterales and non-glucose fermenting gram-negative bacilli, being 71 concession produced from MβL (blaNDM, blaIMP-1, blaVIM, blaSPM, blaKPC + blaNDM, blaVIM + blaKPC), 61 isolates producing serine-carbapenemases (blaKPC, blaGES-5, blaGES-16, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-143) and 18 cover non-carbapenemase producers. The results differentiated with 97% sensitivity and 94% specificity for DPA and 91% for EDTA for detecting MβL, 96% for and 96% specific for DPA and EDTA for detecting KPC. There was a detection of 100% specificity for non-carbapenenmase producers. There was no detection for class D serine-carbapenemases OXA-23, OXA-48, OXA-58, OXA-143. There is also an interference in the results with enzymatic co-production such as VIM + KPC and NDM + KPC. Determining the enzyme class among carbapenemases in laboratory routine has been imperative, especially due to the recent approval by ANVISA of a new antimicrobial ceftazidime-avibactam, which has no activity against MβL winners

Multilevel governance of coastal flood risk reduction : a public finance perspective

Authors acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant 642018 (GREEN‐WIN project) and funding from the project INSeaPTION as part of ERA4CS, an ERA‐NET initiated by JPI Climate, and funded by BMBF (DE), MINECO (ES), NWO (NL), and ANR (FR) with co-funding by the European Union (Grant 690462).Coastal flood risk reduction (CFRR) presents a significant public funding challenge, due to its high upfront costs and long-term benefits, and this challenge will increase with future sea-level rise. The funding challenge necessarily involves multiple levels of government, due to the regional nature of CFRR public goods involved. Yet there has been little research comparing such multilevel arrangements across countries, and in particular exploring the performance of public funding arrangements for providing coastal flood risk reduction. We address this gap, applying fiscal federalism to develop a multilevel governance analysis of public decision-making and fiscal authorities for CFRR in the Netherlands, Germany, the UK and Australia. For each country, we locate key decision-making and fiscal authorities in multilevel governance arrangements, and analyse their alignment with the benefits of CFRR measures (spillovers). We find diverse coastal flood risk governance arrangements ranging from highly centralised (NL), mixed arrangements, involving regional centralisation (Germany) or partial devolvement (UK), to full decentralisation (AUS). Further, we find that in accordance with fiscal federalism, multilevel coastal flood risk governance arrangements are generally reflective of the distribution of the benefits across different levels of government, with some exceptions (Germany and UK). Finally, exploring the outlook of current arrangements under sea-level rise, we find that major fiscal redistributions may be put under pressure by rising costs likely under SLR and future coastal development. This is particularly the case for those systems which operate under hazard-based, as opposed to risk-based, coastal protection policies. Further, we find that both fully and moderately decentralised arrangements may require greater central support for alternative measures, such as retreat, in light of growing financial burdens on local governments.PostprintPeer reviewe

Make Reading Fun: Implications of Virtual Reality on Standing Balance and Control

The recent rapid expansion of virtual reality (VR) technology is driving a widespread number of new applications, including providing immersive environments for users to learn and read through commercially-available applications. However, recent research has shown that VR causes symptoms of dizziness and motion sickness, which could disrupt users gait and balance. Thus, it is important to understand how to best mitigate these effects before VR use becomes more widespread across the lay public. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effect of VR use on gait and balance control following use, and whether aspects of virtual environment design can mitigate negative effects.. METHODS: 60 young, healthy participants read a short story for 45 minutes while immersed in VR.They were randomly assigned to read in one of three environments: 1) a cluttered library, 2) a bright snowy landscape and 3) a dark outer space scene. These environments were selected due to their differences in visual clutter and lighting–VR design considerations which have been shown in previous work to influence visual fatigue and motion sickness. Prior to and following VR use, participants completed three standing balance tasks(standing balance, eyes open; standing balance, eyes closed and single leg stance) and two gait tasks (tandem walking and regular gait). While completing these tasks, kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected from an 8-camera 3D motion capture system and two force plates in order to assess changes in gait and balance kinematics and kinetics. RESULTS: Preliminary results (n = 12) indicate that those who read in the dark outer space environment demonstrated diminished balance control, as evidenced in an increase in center of pressure velocity during single leg balance. CONCLUSION: This finding indicates that the type of virtual environment a person is immersed in can affect their sense of balance following use. Specific to the dark outer space environment, it is possible the lack of visual anchors (i.e., nothing for them to focus on) lead to visual fatigue and downstream balance effects. Additional data analysis will help to elucidate these findings, which could lend insight to the role of virtual environment design on the user experience

INCLUSÃO DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO: PERCEPÇÃO DE PSICÓLOGOS ORGANIZACIONAIS

A inclusão de pessoas com deficiência na sociedade tem sido um tema discutido nas últimas décadas, visando à garantia dos direitos humanos, acesso à escola, trabalho e convivência comunitária. Nesta pesquisa se identificou a percepção de psicólogos que atuam no contexto organizacional sobre a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, aspectos da cultura organizacional, além das dificuldades e facilidades no processo de contratação e treinamento de desenvolvimento de pessoas com deficiência. Sabe-se que desde 1991 foi regulamentada por lei a inserção de pessoas com deficiência, considerando-se o número de colaboradores da organização. O estudo foi de cunho qualitativo e pesquisa de campo. Como forma de atender aos objetivos da pesquisa, foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada, contendo oito questões, dirigida a psicólogos que atuam no contexto organizacional ou que prestam assessoria/consultoria a empresas no Município de Concórdia, SC. A referida pesquisa foi realizada no ano 2015. Após a coleta de dados, estes foram tabulados, analisados e categorizados para melhor compreensão. Os resultados da pesquisa, mostram que a maioria dos psicólogos considera pertinente a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, mas percebem que a cultura da organização influencia a forma de ocorrer essa inclusão. Constatou-se que as cotas têm sido utilizadas, em algumas situações, para pessoas reabilitadas, ou por meio de adaptações de trabalhadores já inseridos na organização, como forma de “driblar” a obrigatoriedade da inclusão. Identificou-se, também, que os psicólogos precisam conhecer melhor as deficiências, os processos de inclusão e as adequações em sua forma de trabalho.Palavras-chave: Pessoa com deficiência. Mercado de trabalho. Inclusão de pessoas com deficiência

“AS MULHERES SÃO MENOS PRODUTIVAS QUE OS HOMENS”: DIÁLOGOS COM A COLONIALIDADE DE GÊNERO NOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS

With the growth of women scientists, it is important to think about how textbooks are inserting these discussions in Natural Sciences. The present work aims to analyze the contributions of textbooks from the National Textbook Program (PNLD 2021) in Natural Sciences and its Technologies from the perspective of gender coloniality. The search was carried out in digital books, filtering the keywords: coloniality, gender and woman. The results were analyzed by Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) and for Franco-Brazilian Discourse Analysis. From the categories, we can see the greater presence of women in textbooks, but there are few Latin American, black, or indigenous women. Future research may find other intersections with the words class, race, and ethnicity.Com o crescimento de mulheres cientistas é importante pensar como os livros didáticos estão inserindo essas discussões na área de Ciências da Natureza. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições dos livros didáticos do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD 2021) da área das Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias na perspectiva da colonialidade de gênero. A busca foi realizada em livros digitais, filtrando-se as palavras-chave: colonialidade, gênero e mulher. Os resultados foram analisados pela Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) e pela Análise de Discurso Franco-Brasileira. A partir das categorias inferimos que há maior presença das mulheres nos livros didáticos, porém há silêncios sobre mulheres latino-americanas, negras ou indígenas. Consideramos futuramente utilizar palavras-chave como classe, raça e etnia

Just Bust a Move; Relating Subjective Evaluation to Objective Measurements in Hip – Hop Dance

Being globally recognized as a performance art and mode of expression, Hip - hop dance is becoming more prevalent in today’s modern dance and popular culture. With multiple renditions across the globe on what encompasses Hip - hop dance on various social media platforms and the different sub styles of hip-hop dance that currently exist, there are a limited number of ways to assess a dancer and their ability without relying on a high amount of subjectivity from those that are watching it. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between common dance moves (like the Arm Wave & Inverted Happy Feet) implemented into Hip - hop dance choreography and whether certain biomechanical aspects of those moves can predict how well a dancer may be evaluated in a competition. METHODS: Participants learned a brief Hip - hop dance routine, incorporating the aforementioned dance moves, for one week before data collection. After a brief warm up, the participants performed the learned dance choreography in a lab space while under a 3D motion capture system with force plates collecting kinematic and kinetic data. Video footage of each participant was also collected at this time. Videos of each participant’s performance footage was then sent out to judges for scoring, and a series of regression models were run to determine how well judge’s scores predicted discrete biomechanical variables related to performance of dance moves. RESULTS: Preliminary results suggest that displacement of the arm wave, propagation velocity of the arm wave, shape deviation of the arm wave, and ground reaction force symmetry during foot work have a significant role in predicting how a judge may score a dancer. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the mechanical aspects of performing certain hip-hop dance moves are significant predictors of judges’ scoring, lending insight into the degree to which scoring is related to the mechanics of Hip – hop dance itself. Thus, a certain level of objectivity in judges’ scoring of hip-hop dance exists. Future work should consider how subjective factors such as age, sex/gender, and clothing choice may also influence judges’ scoring

Climate change induced socio-economic tipping points: review and stakeholder consultation for policy relevant research

Tipping points have become a key concept in research on climate change, indicating points of abrupt transition in biophysical systems as well as transformative changes in adaptation and mitigation strategies. However, the potential existence of tipping points in socio-economic systems has remained underexplored, whereas they might be highly policy relevant. This paper describes characteristics of climate change induced socio-economic tipping points (SETPs) to guide future research on SETPS to inform climate policy. We review existing literature to create a tipping point typology and to derive the following SETP definition: a climate change induced, abrupt change of a socio-economic system, into a new, fundamentally different state. Through stakeholder consultation, we identify 22 candidate SETP examples with policy relevance for Europe. Three of these are described in higher detail to identify their tipping point characteristics (stable states, mechanisms and abrupt change): the collapse of winter sports tourism, farmland abandonment and sea-level rise-induced migration. We find that stakeholder perceptions play an important role in describing SETPs. The role of climate drivers is difficult to isolate from other drivers because of complex interplays with socio-economic factors. In some cases, the rate of change rather than the magnitude of change causes a tipping point. The clearest SETPs are found on small system scales. On a national to continental scale, SETPs are less obvious because they are difficult to separate from their associated economic substitution effects and policy response. Some proposed adaptation measures are so transformative that their implementations can be considered an SETP in terms of 'response to climate change'. Future research can focus on identification and impact analysis of tipping points using stylized models, on the exceedance of stakeholder-defined critical thresholds in the RCP/SSP space and on the macro-economic impacts of new system states