Berufsorientierte Projektwochen in der Studieneingangsphase

Wie können Hochschulen Studierende auf die zukünftige Arbeitswelt vorbereiten? Eine Möglichkeit sind berufsorientierte Projektwochen, die den Fokus auf die Entwicklung von Handlungskompetenzen legen. In diesem Artikel wird das Konzept der Berufsorientierten Projektwochen vorgestellt und anhand einer Evaluation an der Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Würzburg-Schweinfurt (FHWS) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Projektwochen einen positiven Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von fachlichem Wissen, Kompetenzen im Bereich Projektarbeit, Einstellung zur Teamarbeit, Kontakt zu Mitstudierenden und Vorstellung von der späteren beruflichen Praxis haben. Die begleitenden Fach- und Teambegleitungen werden von den Studierenden als hilfreich empfunden. Das Konzept der Berufsorientierten Projektwochen bietet somit eine Möglichkeit, Studierende auf die Anforderungen der Arbeitswelt vorzubereiten und ihre Handlungskompetenzen zu fördern. (Herausgeber)How can universities prepare students for the future world of work? One possibility is job-oriented project weeks that focus on the development of action competencies. This article presents the concept of career-oriented project weeks and examines it on the basis of an evaluation at the University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt (FHWS). The results show that the project weeks have a positive influence on the development of professional knowledge, competencies in the area of project work, attitude towards teamwork, contact to fellow students and imagination of the later professional practice. The accompanying professional and team guidance is perceived as helpful by the students. The concept of the career-oriented project weeks thus offers an opportunity to prepare students for the demands of the working world and to promote their action competencies. (Editor

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Customization of the lysis and reaction setup steps of FastLane Cell kits for an automated workflow

Automated workflows can be optimized for enhanced flexibility by determining the steps within the protocol that tolerate extended storage of assay components. We determined the tolerated stopping points and storage conditions in a multiplex real-time RT-PCR workflow using the FastLane Cell Multiplex Kit. Breaks were introduced within the procedure and the effect of incubation times and temperatures on the observed CT values were measured. Using these parameters, we provide guidance on adapting the protocol to enable an automated workflow. We also suggest steps for achieving optimal results when using FastLane Cell kits with TaqMan Gene Expression Assays

Das Ende der Urbanisierung?

Erstmals in der Geschichte wohnt seit kurzem mehr als die Hälfte der Menschheit in Städten. Dies gibt Anlass zum Nachfragen: Bricht sich damit eine allgemeine „Zivilisierung“ Bahn? Oder ist das mitunter geordnete, öfter aber unkontrollierbare Wachstum eher ein Indiz dafür, dass sich die städtische Lebensform „zu Tode gesiegt“ hat? Inwiefern sind die (in Europa) gängigen Vorstellungen von „Stadt“ und „Urbanisierung“ selber zu historisieren? Und inwiefern enthalten die mancherorts ausgerufenen „post-urbanen“ Perspektiven nicht doch die Sehnsucht nach neuen Formen städtischer Integration? Überwiegt mittlerweile das „Imaginäre“ der Stadt im Vergleich zu vermeintlichen Realitäten? Dies sind nur einige Fragen, die in der derzeit pulsierenden, verschiedene Disziplinen und Öffentlichkeiten verbindenden Stadtforschung diskutiert werden. Dieser Band, entstanden aus einem Themenschwerpunkt der beiden Informationsdienste H-Arthist und H-Soz-u-Kult, führt die Diskussion weiter mit signifikanten Beiträgen, in welchen die laufende globale Transformation des Städtischen aus verschiedenen Perspektiven und zum Teil mit Prognosen für die weitere Entwicklung beleuchtet wird

Morphometrics and inertial properties in the body segments of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Inertial characteristics and dimensions of the body and body segments form an integral part of a biomechanical analysis of motion. In primate studies, however, segment inertial parameters of non-human hominoids are scarce and often obtained using varying techniques. Therefore, the principal aim of this study was to expand the existing chimpanzee inertial property data set using a non-invasive measuring technique. We also considered age- and sex-related differences within our sample. By means of a geometric model based on Crompton et al. (1996); Am J Phys Anthropol 99, 547–570) we generated inertial properties using external segment length and diameter measurements of 53 anaesthetized chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We report absolute inertial parameters for immature and mature subjects and for males and females separately. Proportional data were computed to allow the comparison between age classes and sex classes. In addition, we calculated whole limb inertial properties and we discuss their potential biomechanical consequences. We found no significant differences between the age classes in the proportional data except for hand and foot measures where juveniles exhibit relatively longer and heavier distal segments than adults. Furthermore, most sex-related differences can be directly attributed to the higher absolute segment masses in male chimpanzees resulting in higher moments of inertia. Additionally, males tend to have longer upper limbs than females. However, regarding proportional data we discuss the general inertial properties of the chimpanzee. The described segment inertial parameters of males and females, and of the two age classes, represent a valuable data set ready for use in a range of biomechanical locomotor models. These models offer great potential for improving our understanding of early hominin locomotor patterns