Effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on yield, growth and nutrient contents of organically grown strawberry

The effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the fruit yield, growth and nutrient element content of strawberry cv. Fern were investigated under organic growing conditions between 2006 and 2008. The experimental plot was a completely randomized design with 3 replicates. Three PGPB strains (Pseudomonas BA-8, Bacillus OSU-142 and Bacillus M-3) were used alone or in combination as biofertilizer agent in the experiment. Data through 3 years showed that the use of PGPB significantly increased fruit yield, plant growth and leaf P and Zn contents. Root inoculation of M3 and floral and foliar spraying of OSU-142 and BA-8 bacteria stimulated plant growth resulting in significant yield increases. M3 + BA-8, BA-8 + OSU-142, M3, M3 + OSU-142 and BA-8 applications increased cumulative yield by 33.2%, 18.4%, 18.2%, 15.3% and 10.5%, respectively. Number of fruits per plant significantly increased by the applications of M3 + BA-8 (91.73) and M3 (81.58) compared with the control (68.66). In addition, P and Zn contents of strawberry leaves with bacterial inoculation significantly increased under organic growing conditions. Available P contents in soil were increased from 0.35 kg P2O5/da at the beginning of the study to 2.00, 1.97 and 1.82 kg P2O5/da by M3 + OSU-142, M3 + BA-8 and M3 + BA-8 + OSU-142 applications, respectively. Overall, the results of this study suggest that root inoculation of Bacillus M3 alone or in combination with spraying Bacillus OSU-142 or Pseudomonas BA-8 have the potential to increase the yield, growth and nutrition content of strawberry plant under organic growing conditions

Knowledge and Practices of Nurses Working in Intensive Care on Drug-Drug Interaction

Purpose:This study was conducted to examine the knowledge and practices of nurses working in the intensive care unit about drug-drug interaction. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with 186 intensive care nurses working in shifts in 12 intensive care units. "Nurse information form", "Drug-drug interaction questionnaire" prepared by the researcher, and "nurse observation form" were used in data collection. The data obtained from the study were evaluated in computer environment using frequency, percentage distribution and Chi-square test. Results:In the study, 76.3% of the nurses working in the intensive care unit reported that they did not know which of the drug pairs they encountered frequently caused drug-drug interactions. When the drugs administered by the nurses were examined, it was determined that 34.4% of them had the potential for drug-drug interaction. It was found that nurses' potential drug-drug interaction practices, staff status and working styles, and working time in the institution, profession and intensive care unit were not effective. It was determined that there were significant differences between the intensive care units (p=0.043) in the drug-drug interaction practices encountered. Conclusion:It was determined that the nurses did not have the desired level of knowledge about drug-drug interactions and interacting drug pairs, and there were differences between the intensive care units where they worked. It is recommended to increase the level of knowledge by giving regular trainings to nurses on drug-drug interaction

Computer recommendations for an automatic approach and landing system for V/STOL aircraft. Volume 1 - Computer recommendations

Evaluation of digital computer for V/STOL aircraft automatic approach and landing syste

OPINIONS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN ABOUT SELF CARE

Self-care skills are one of the independent life skills, the foundations of which are laid during the preschool period, and which should be acquired by children at an early age. It is important for children to use their self-care skills in order to get involved and gain acceptance into society. Today, the importance given to the constructivist approach, that children are active in the learning process and that new information is built into previous learning,  has also become apparent in preschool period. Thus, it has become important for children to express their opinions about their own life skills. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the opinions of preschool children about self-care skills, part of the independent life skills of children. A qualitative, phenomenological research design was used in the study. The universe of the study consisted of children aged 5-6 years old, who were in independent preschools in the city center of Malatya Province; the sample of the study consisted of 60 children who were selected from the universe using the random sampling method. The data were collected in two ways: visually and in written form. The data were analyzed by using the methods of descriptive analysis and content analysis; NVivo software was also used. As a result, more than half of the children were found to pay attention to not eating junk food; to realizing the importance of washing their hands; to showing concern about gathering their toys in terms of neatness; the children were also found to have difficulties tightening or loosening their shoelaces. Also, they were careful about selecting a safe seat on the school bus.     Article visualizations

Implementasi Advanced Encryption Standard (Aes) pada Sistem Kunci Elektronik Kendaraan Berbasis Sistem Operasi Android dan Mikrokontroler Arduino

Selama ini untuk menghidupkan kendaraan seseorang harus menggunakan sebuah kunci, sehingga untuk mengakses banyak kendaraan harus digunakan banyak kunci yang berbeda. Namun jika handphone dijadikan kunci elektronik, tentunya semua kunci tersebut tidak dibutuhkan lagi, karena satu handphone dapat mewakili kunci tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, sistem kunci elektronik menggunakan handphone sebagai kunci, dan sebuah mikrokontroler Arduino pada kendaraan sebagai penerima kontrol. Komunikasi antara handphone dan mikrokontroler menggunakan bluetooth. Komunikasi dengan bluetooth tersebut belum didukung dengan keamanan yang kuat. Bahkan ada yang menyatakan bahwa dukungan keamanan pada bluetooth sudah berhasil dipecahkan dan diserang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dibuat untuk melengkapi aspek keamanan kunci elektronik dengan mengimplementasikan Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) dengan panjang kunci 128 bit, 192 bit, dan 256 bit. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatnya dukungan aspek keamanan yang diperoleh dari implementasi AES. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, total waktu eksekusi maksimum sistem kunci elektronik kendaraan yang telah dibuat sebesar 385 ms pada jarak 20 m. Lama waktu tersebut masih lebih rendah dibanding batas Kenyamanan pengguna yaitu di bawah 1000 ms (Nielsen, 1993), sehingga sistem layak untuk diterapkan

On Energy, Laplacian Energy and PP-fold Graphs

For a graph $G$ having adjacency spectrum ($A$-spectrum) $\lambda_n\leq\lambda_{n-1}\leq\cdots\leq\lambda_1$ and Laplacian spectrum ($L$-spectrum) $0=\mu_n\leq\mu_{n-1}\leq\cdots\leq\mu_1$, the energy is defined as $E(G)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}|\lambda_i|$ and the Laplacian energy is defined as $LE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}|\mu_i-\frac{2m}{n}|$. In this paper, we give upper and lower bounds for the energy of $KK_n^j,~1\leq j \leq n$ and as a consequence we generalize a result of Stevanovic et al. [More on the relation between Energy and Laplacian energy of graphs, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. {\bf 61} (2009) 395-401]. We also consider strong double graph and strong $p$-fold graph to construct some new families of graphs $G$ for which E(G)> LE(G)

Gamma-D crystallin gene (CRYGD) mutation causes autosomal dominant congenital cerulean cataracts

Congenital cataracts are a major cause of bilateral visual impairment in childhood. We mapped the gene responsible for autosomal congenital cerulean cataracts to chromosome 2q33-35 in a four generation family of Moroccan descent. The maximum lod score (7.19 at recombination fraction theta=0) was obtained for marker D2S2208 near the g-crystallin gene (CRYG) cluster. Sequencing of the coding regions of the CRYGA, B, C, and D genes showed the presence of a heterozygous C>A transversion in exon 2 of CRYGD that is associated with cataracts in this family. This mutation resulted in a proline to threonine substitution at amino acid 23 of the protein in the first of the four Greek key motifs that characterise this protein. We show that although the x ray crystallography modelling does not indicate any change of the backbone conformation, the mutation affects a region of the Greek key motif that is important for determining the topology of this protein fold. Our data suggest strongly that the proline to threonine substitution may alter the protein folding or decrease the thermodynamic stability or solubility of the protein. Furthermore, this is the first report of a mutation in this gene resulting in autosomal dominant congenital cerulean cataracts

Minimally invasive vessel-preservation spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy-how I do it, tips and tricks and clinical results

Background: Minimally invasive spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) has emerged as a parenchyma-preserving approach and has become the standard treatment for pancreatic benign and low-grade malignant lesions. Nevertheless, minimally invasive SPDP is still technically challenging, especially when vessel preservation is intended. This study aims to describe the technique and outcomes of laparoscopic (LSPDP) and robot-assisted spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (RSPDP) with intended vessel preservation, highlighting the important tips and tricks to overcome technical obstacles and optimize surgical outcomes. Methods: A retrospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing LSPDP and RSPDP with intended vessel preservation by a single surgeon in two different centers. A video demonstrating both surgical techniques is attached. Results: A total of 50 patients who underwent minimally invasive SPDP were included of which 88% underwent LSPDP and 12% RSPDP. Splenic vessels were preserved in 37 patients (74%) while a salvage vessel-resecting technique was performed in 13 patients (26%). The average surgery time was 178 ± 74 min for the vessel-preserving and 188 ± 57 for the vessel-resecting technique (p = 0.706) with an estimated blood loss of 100 mL in both groups (p = 0.663). The overall complication rate was 46% (n = 23) with major complications (Clavien Dindo ≥ III) observed in 14% (n = 7) of the patients. No conversions occurred. The median length of hospital stay was 4 days. Conclusion: This study presented the results after minimally invasive SPDP with intended vessel preservation by a highly experienced pancreatic surgeon. It provided tips and tricks to successfully accomplish a minimally invasive SPDP, which can contribute to quick patient rehabilitation and optimal postoperative results. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]