Análisis variables de calidad, económico de las operadoras de taxi y el impacto del servicio informal, ciudad de Riobamba

Introduction: The land transport sector, case of our study taxi operators in the city have recently decreased their income due to the increase in informality that provide this type of cheaper transport without quality and safety parameters one of the factors in the economy of the Target country. Analyze the variables of quality, economic of taxi operators and the impact of informal service, city of Riobamba Methodology. A quasi-experimental design was applied in which the participation of the Bolívar Chiriboga taxi cooperative of the city of Riobamba was taken, an interview was applied to some of its drivers, as well as a survey was applied to thirty-seven users using the corresponding research tools. Results. According to the survey of users determined that the preference of users is in the quality of Service and price, service on time and good conditions of the vehicle. Conclusions. If we analyze quality and price according to the surveys, the preference is in the price for the economic aspect of the country and the responsiveness when requesting careers, informal operators in the city offer services at low costs in relation to formal ones, as there are users who little or nothing consider their safety but if the economic factor responds to the reduction of the income of the formal ones who do not have a strategy.  created to combat this problem.Introducción: El sector del transporte terrestre, caso de nuestro estudio operadores de taxis en la ciudad últimamente han disminuido sus ingresos debido al incremento de la informalidad que brindar este tipo de transporte más económico   sin parámetros de calidad y seguridad uno de los factores la economía del país Objetivo. Analizar las variables de calidad, económico de las operadoras de taxi y el impacto del servicio informal, ciudad de Riobamba Metodología. Se aplico un diseño cuasi experimental en la que se tomó la participación de la cooperativa de taxis Bolívar Chiriboga de la ciudad de Riobamba se procedió aplicar una entrevista a algunos de sus conductores también se aplicó una encuesta a 37 usuarios utilizando las correspondientes herramientas de investigación Resultados. Según la encuesta de los usuarios de determino que la preferencia de los usuarios está en la calidad de Servicio y precio, servicio a tiempo y buenas condiciones del vehículo. Conclusiones. Si analizamos calidad y precio según la encuesta la preferencia está en el precio por el aspecto económico del país y la capacidad de respuesta al solicitar carreras, las operadoras informales en la ciudad ofrecen servicios a costos bajos en relación con la formales, al existir   usuarios que poco o nada consideran su seguridad, pero si el factor económico da como respuesta a la reducción de los ingresos de los formales que no tienen estrategia creadas para combatir este problema

Autonomía del trabajo y satisfacción laboral en trabajadores de una universidad peruana

The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between the autonomy of work and the job satisfaction of the administrative workers of a Peruvian university. The hypothetical deductive method was used, based on a non-experimental, cross-section quantitative design approach. A questionnaire was applied to 122 workers. The results allowed the researchers to determine the direct, moderate and significant correlation, with a Spearman correlation coefficient Rho = 0.651 ** and 0.626 ** and a (Bilateral) significance = 0.000 (p <.05). Therefore, it was concluded that when work autonomy is pr, the level of job satisfaction is high in workers of both sexes.La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la autonomía del trabajo y la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores administrativos de una universidad peruana. Se empleó el método hipotético deductivo, basado en un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. Se aplicó un Cuestionario a 122 trabajadores. Los resultados permitieron determinar la correlación directa, moderada y significativa, con un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman Rho =0.651** y 0.626** y una significancia (Bilateral) = 0.000 (p < .05). Por lo cual se llegó a la conclusión, que cuando la autonomía del trabajo es real, el nivel de satisfacción laboral es alto, en los trabajadores de ambos sexos

Guía de procedimientos para la prevención del lavado de dinero y aplicación de la debida diligencia en las instituciones de ahorro y crédito en el Municipio de Santa Ana Departamento de Santa Ana

Las instituciones financieras han sido muchas veces intermediarias en el delito de lavado de dinero y financiamiento del terrorismo, el problema radica en que estas no aplican medidas de prevención eficaces que logren detectar a tiempo las inconsistencias en las operaciones que realizan siendo un blanco fácil para organizaciones criminales que buscan encubrir el origen de los fondos que fueron obtenidos mediante actividades ilegale

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

In-situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole using 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. A unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuation, which is aligned with the local flow direction of the ice. Birefringent light propagation has been examined as a possible explanation for this effect. The predictions of a first-principles birefringence model developed for this purpose, in particular curved light trajectories resulting from asymmetric diffusion, provide a qualitatively good match to the main features of the data. This in turn allows us to deduce ice crystal properties. Since the wavelength of the detected light is short compared to the crystal size, these crystal properties do not only include the crystal orientation fabric, but also the average crystal size and shape, as a function of depth. By adding small empirical corrections to this first-principles model, a quantitatively accurate description of the optical properties of the IceCube glacial ice is obtained. In this paper, we present the experimental signature of ice optical anisotropy observed in IceCube LED calibration data, the theory and parametrization of the birefringence effect, the fitting procedures of these parameterizations to experimental data as well as the inferred crystal properties.</p

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. It uses 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. An unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuation, which is aligned with the local flow direction of the ice. We examine birefringent light propagation through the polycrystalline ice microstructure as a possible explanation for this effect. The predictions of a first-principles model developed for this purpose, in particular curved light trajectories resulting from asymmetric diffusion, provide a qualitatively good match to the main features of the data. This in turn allows us to deduce ice crystal properties. Since the wavelength of the detected light is short compared to the crystal size, these crystal properties include not only the crystal orientation fabric, but also the average crystal size and shape, as a function of depth. By adding small empirical corrections to this first-principles model, a quantitatively accurate description of the optical properties of the IceCube glacial ice is obtained. In this paper, we present the experimental signature of ice optical anisotropy observed in IceCube light-emitting diode (LED) calibration data, the theory and parameterization of the birefringence effect, the fitting procedures of these parameterizations to experimental data, and the inferred crystal properties.Peer Reviewe

Galactic Core-Collapse Supernovae at IceCube: “Fire Drill” Data Challenges and follow-up

The next Galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) presents a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to make astrophysical measurements using neutrinos, gravitational waves, and electromagnetic radiation. CCSNe local to the Milky Way are extremely rare, so it is paramount that detectors are prepared to observe the signal when it arrives. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a gigaton water Cherenkov detector below the South Pole, is sensitive to the burst of neutrinos released by a Galactic CCSN at a level >10σ. This burst of neutrinos precedes optical emission by hours to days, enabling neutrinos to serve as an early warning for follow-up observation. IceCube\u27s detection capabilities make it a cornerstone of the global network of neutrino detectors monitoring for Galactic CCSNe, the SuperNova Early Warning System (SNEWS 2.0). In this contribution, we describe IceCube\u27s sensitivity to Galactic CCSNe and strategies for operational readiness, including "fire drill" data challenges. We also discuss coordination with SNEWS 2.0

All-Energy Search for Solar Atmospheric Neutrinos with IceCube

The interaction of cosmic rays with the solar atmosphere generates a secondary flux of mesons that decay into photons and neutrinos – the so-called solar atmospheric flux. Although the gamma-ray component of this flux has been observed in Fermi-LAT and HAWC Observatory data, the neutrino component remains undetected. The energy distribution of those neutrinos follows a soft spectrum that extends from the GeV to the multi-TeV range, making large Cherenkov neutrino telescopes a suitable for probing this flux. In this contribution, we will discuss current progress of a search for the solar neutrino flux by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory using all available data since 2011. Compared to the previous analysis which considered only high-energy muon neutrino tracks, we will additionally consider events produced by all flavors of neutrinos down to GeV-scale energies. These new events should improve our analysis sensitivity since the flux falls quickly with energy. Determining the magnitude of the neutrino flux is essential, since it is an irreducible background to indirect solar dark matter searches