Urinary tract infection in pregnant women

Urinary tract infections (asymptomatic bacterial urine, cystitis and acute pyelonephritis) are the most common complications of pregnancy. They are caused by the anatomical and physiological changes of pregnant women. Early diagnosis and management are essential to avoid possible maternal and infant sequelae. Diagnosis is done by identifying pathogens through urine culture. The most common microorganism is Escherichia coli. Treatment is carried out under antibiotic coverage, and management can be outpatient or inpatient treatment, as appropriate

La coevaluación como estrategia para mejorar la dinámica del trabajo en grupo: una experiencia en Ciencias del Deporte

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar si las percepciones de los alumnos antes y después de la realización del trabajo, es decir, su percepción sobre diversos aspectos del funcionamiento del grupo y las competencias de trabajo adquiridas y las que consideran que deben mejorar, difería en función de que la contribución de los distintos miembros del grupo fuese o no coevaluada. Participaron 144 alumnos de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Para analizar la percepción de los alumnos del trabajo en grupo se utilizó el cuestionario adaptado por Bourne et al. (2001). Los resultados mostraron que los grupos en los se introdujo la coevaluación valoraron de forma más negativa la experiencia en general que los grupos en los que no se introdujo la coevaluación. Sin embargo, los grupos con coevaluación percibieron que su competencia para trabajar en equipo había mejorado en mayor medida que los grupos sin coevaluación, valorando de forma más positiva tanto el funcionamiento como el resultado del trabajo e incrementaron sus conocimientos sobre el resto de los componentes. El uso de un sistema de coevaluación como el propuesto parece generar una mejor valoración tanto del funcionamiento del equipo como del resultado de su trabajo

Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood monocytes could help identify a baseline pro-inflammatory profile in women with recurrent reproductive failure

11 p.-4 fig.-4 tab.Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) are two well-defined clinical entities, but the role of the monocytes in their pathophysiology needs to be clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the three monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate, and non-classical) and relevant cytokines/chemokines in a cohort of RPL and RIF women to better characterize a baseline proinflammatory profile that could define inflammatory pathophysiology in these two different conditions. We evaluated 108 non-pregnant women: 53 RPL, 24 RIF, and 31 fertile healthy controls (HC). Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to quantify the frequency of surface chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1) on the monocyte subsets. Cytokines were assessed in plasma samples using a multiplex assay. The CX3CR1+ and CCR5+ intermediate monocytes were significantly higher in RPL and RIF compared to HC. A significant positive correlation was observed between CX3CR1+ intermediate monocytes and IL-17A (P = .03, r = 0.43). The Boruta algorithm followed by a multivariate logistic regression model was used to select the most relevant variables that could help define RPL and RIF: in RPL were CX3CR1 non-classical monocytes, TGF-β1, and CCR5 intermediate monocytes; in RIF: CCR5 intermediate monocytes and TGF-β3. The combination of these variables could predict RPL and RIF with 90 % and 82 %, respectively. Our study suggests that a combination of specific blood monocyte subsets and cytokines could aid in identifying RPL and RIF women with a pro-inflammatory profile. These findings could provide a more integrated understanding of these pathologies. Further investigation and validation in independent cohorts are warranted.The project received a research grant from the Carlos III Institute of Health, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain), awarded on the 2016 call under the Health Strategy Action 2016–2017, within the National Research Program oriented to Societal Challenges, within the Technical, Scientific and Innovation Research National Plan 2013–2016, with reference PI16/01428, and was co-supported by The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).Peer reviewe

Simultaneous inter-arm and inter-leg systolic blood pressure differences to diagnose peripheral artery disease: a diagnostic accuracy study

<p><b>Purpose:</b> Inter-arm systolic blood pressure differences (IASBPD) and inter-leg systolic blood pressure differences (ILSBPD) have arisen as potential tools to detect peripheral artery disease (PAD) and individuals at high cardiovascular risk. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of IASBPD and ILSBPD to detect PAD, and whether IASBPD or ILSBPD improves diagnostic accuracy of the oscillometric ankle-brachial index (ABI).</p> <p><b>Materials and methods:</b> In this prospective study, eligible for inclusion were consecutive adults, with at least one of the following cardiovascular risk factors: diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking habit or age ≥65. IASBPD, ILSBPD and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured in all participants through four-limb simultaneous oscillometric measurements and compared with Doppler ABI (reference test, positive cut-off: ≤ 0.9).</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Of 171 subjects included, PAD was confirmed in 23 and excluded in 148. Thirteen and 38 subjects had IASBPD and ILSBPD ≥10 mmHg, respectively. Pearson correlation with Doppler ABI of IASBPD and ILSBPD was 0.073 (<i>P</i> = .343) and −0.628 (<i>P</i> < .001), respectively. Diagnostic accuracy of an ILSBPD ≥10 mmHg to detect PAD was: sensitivity = 69.6% (95%CI = 48.6–90.5), specificity = 85.1% (79.1–91.2), diagnostic odds ratio (dOR) = 13.1 (4.8–35.5) and area under ROC curve (AUC) = 0.765 (0.616–0.915). IASBPD had an AUC = 0.532 (0.394–0.669), and oscillometric ABI had an AUC = 0.977 (0.950–1.000). The addition of ILSBPD to oscillometric ABI reduced dOR from 174.0 (38.3–789.9) to 34.4 (9.5–125.1). Similarly, the addition of IASBPD reduced dOR to 49.3 (14.6–167.0).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> In a Primary Care population with ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors, ILSBPD showed acceptable diagnostic accuracy for PAD, whilst IASBPD accuracy was negligible. However, the combination of ILSBPD (or IASBPD) with oscillometric ABI did not improve the ability to detect PAD. Thus, oscillometer ABI seems to be preferable to detect PAD and individuals at high cardiovascular risk. ILSBPD could be uniquely recommended for the diagnosis of PAD when blood pressure measurements in upper limbs are not possible.</p

Las leyes del deporte español: análisis y evolución histórica

Universidad Internacional Menéndez PelayoCaja GranadaNo data (2008)UE

Risk Factors Associated with CIN2+ in Spanish Patients with L-SIL/ASCUS Cytology Collected from a Madrid Hospital

The management of patients with L-SIL/ASCUS cytology is controversial and not clearly standardized. Objective: To analyze the risk factors associated with H-SIL/CIN2+ in a cohort of patients with ASCUS or L-SIL in a Pap smear. Methods: Between 2012 and 2022, 1259 eligible women with ASCUS/L-SIL were referred for colposcopy. The risk factors associated with H-SIL/CIN2+ were analyzed. The colposcopic study, conventional or assisted with dynamic spectral imaging (DSI), was performed in all cases. Guided biopsies were performed in cases of abnormal examination or random biopsies when no lesions were found. A LEEP was performed in H-SIL/CIN2+ results or persistent LSIL/CIN. Results: A normal or metaplastic specimen was found in 750 women (63.2%), LSIL/CIN1 in 346 (29.1%), and H-SIL/CIN2+ in 92 (7.7%). The presence of HR-HPV (OR = 2.1; IC 95% = 1.4&ndash;3.2), smoking habits (OR = 2.2; IC 95% = 1.4&ndash;3.5), and the performance of DSI combined with colposcopy (OR = 0.6; IC 95% = 0.37&ndash;0.83) were the factors associated with the detection of H-SIL/CIN2+. A summative effect of HR-HPV and smoking habit (OR = 2.9; IC 95% = 1.7&ndash;5.0) was observed in the detection of H-SIL/CIN2+. In multivariate analysis, the presence of HPV 16/18 was the unique independent factor associated with H-SIL/CIN2+. Conclusion: In women carrying an ASCUS/LSIL in the Pap smear, the unique independent factor predictive of H-SIL/CIN2+ is the presence of the HPV 16/18 genotype. Smoking women carrying ASCUS/LSIL with HR-HPV should be targeted for stricter follow-up to avoid an unsuspected H-SIL/CIN2+

Ankle Brachial Index Plos One

Data file has two pages. 1Read_me contains an explanation about the data. Hoja2 contains data with self-explanatory titles