Incorporación de fibra de coco para el sistema aporticado de una vivienda unifamiliar, urbanización Pachacamac, Villa el Salvador

El presente trabajo de investigación titulada: “Incorporación de fibra de coco para el sistema aporticado de una vivienda unifamiliar, urbanización Pachacamac, Villa el Salvador” tiene como objetivo principal determinar el comportamiento estructural incorporando fibra de coco para el sistema aporticado en una vivienda unifamiliar, urbanización Pachacamac, Villa el Salvador. Como objetivo específico se planteó: Determinar el porcentaje óptimo incorporando las fibras de coco para el sistema aporticado en una vivienda unifamiliar, urbanización Pachacamac, Villa el Salvador. En este trabajo hemos utilizado una metodología de tipo aplicada, con un diseño experimental de nivel descriptivo y con un enfoque cuantitativo. Como muestra es la vivienda unifamiliar de 5 niveles en la urbanización de Pachacamac y un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Como resultado se determinó que el porcentaje más óptimo incorporando fibra de coco para un concreto de diseño 210 kg/cm2 es al incorporar el 5% en su peso específico. Se concluye que a menor porcentaje de fibra de coco se obtiene mejores resultados con respecto al diseño patrón, al incorporar el 5% de fibra de coco alcanzó una resistencia máxima de 223 kg/cm2

Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Polymer Concrete: effect of gamma radiation

Design of polymer concrete involves extensive studies on their materials in order to get improved properties; specifically on the physicochemical properties of both polymer resin and mineral aggregates, including size and shape of the last one. Alternative studies are focusing on using different materials or methods to obtain such improvements. In this work, polymer concrete was elaborated with unsaturated polyester resin, marble particles and polypropylene fibres, after it was modified by using gamma radiation to achieve a complete polymerization. The results show improvements in the compressive strength and in the modulus of elasticity with 0.2 vol.% of polypropylene fibres and irradiation at a dose of 250 KGy. However, lower compressive strains were obtained when using gamma radiation

An Active Learning Didactic Proposal with Human-Computer Interaction in Engineering Education: A Direct Current Motor Case Study

Engineering education requires learning strategies to engage students and improve the development of disciplinary and transversal competencies. Additionally, as economic resources are generally limited, it is sought to avoid investing large sums of money in software and hardware, as well as in fitting out laboratories. This work presents a didactic proposal within the framework of active and collaborative learning that includes the flipped classroom technique to be applied in the curriculum of undergraduate engineering programs and inside a massive flexible digital master class. The activity is the mathematical modeling, simulation, and control system of a direct current motor where simulation work is carried out in open license computational packages. Students understand the physical phenomena involved in the motor’s modeling and the input–output variables’ relations. Moreover, an analogy between an electromechanical and a pure electrical model is carried out, where the relevant variables respond in an agile and reliable manner. To validate the modeling, the differential equations are solved by applying numerical methods, and tested for control purposes. The activity has been validated with a rule-based system applied to a Likert scale survey data. This type of human–computer interaction, in the context of active learning, could engage students and motivate them to develop competencies that are highly appreciated by industry practitioners. View Full-Tex

Augmenting reality and formality of informal and non-formal settings to enhance blended learning

Visits to museums and city tours have been part of higher and secondary education curriculum activities for many years. However these activities are typically considered "less formal" when compared to those carried out in the classroom, mainly because they take place in informal or non-formal settings. Augmented Reality (AR) technologies and smartphones can transform such informal and non-formal settings into digitally augmented learning settings by superimposing "digital" layers of information over physical objects or spaces. At the same time, the formality of these settings increases when connected to formal settings through these digital layers. The right combination of AR and mobile technologies with computer-based educational tools such as Learning Management Systems (LMSs) drives this digital connection, leading to articulated blended learning activities across formal, non-formal and informal settings. This paper contributes to the TEL field with: (1) three blended learning activities illustrating the idea of augmented informal/non-formal settings; (2) results from the cross-analysis of these activities that evidence the impact of technology to enhance blended learning; and (3) a set of lessons learned about the possibilities of NFC/GPS AR technologies and LMSs for blended learning. This work provides insights for the design and implementation of similar technology-enhanced blended learning activities. © 2008-2011 IEEE

Influence of Silanization Treatment on Thermomechanical Properties of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes: Poly(methylmethacrylate) Nanocomposites

Unfunctionalized and silanized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were incorporated in poly(methylmethacrylate) matrices using in situ polymerization. Polymer-compatible functional groups on carbon nanotube (CNT) surfaces were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. These chemical moieties improve interaction at interfaces, allowing transfer of mechanical load between the matrix and the dispersed phase as reflected in the resulting improved mechanical and thermophysical properties. The composites were characterized by Raman spectroscopy to evaluate molecular level interactions and dynamical mechanical analysis. Composites with silanized CNTs have higher storage modulus (E′) than polymer reinforced with unfunctionalized nanotubes. Considering the average of the samples, only 1 wt.% of silanized nanotubes provides an increase in E′ of 165% at room temperature with respect to polymer matrix, and the increments reached are by a factor of 6.8 and 13.6 over the polymer matrix at 80°C and 90°C, respectively. 1 wt% of silanized CNTs increases the glass transition temperature of polymer matrix around 30°C. Microscratch testing results of composites show that unfunctionalized CNTs cause deeper penetration of the indenter than polymer matrix at the same force; however, the composites developed with silanized CNTs present more regular behavior than polymer reinforced with unfunctionalized CNTs

Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease With Visual Hallucinations and Subjective Cognitive Complaints

Cognitive impairment; Parkinson's disease; Visual hallucinationsDeterioro cognitivo; Enfermedad de Parkinson; Alucinaciones visualesDeteriorament cognitiu; Malaltia de Parkinson; Al·lucinacions visualsBackground and Purpose Visual hallucinations (VH) and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) are associated with cognitive impairment (CI) in Parkinson’s disease. Our aims were to determine the association between VH and SCC and the risk of CI development in a cohort of patients with Parkinson’s disease and normal cognition (PD-NC). Methods Patients with PD-NC (total score of >80 on the Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Rating Scale [PD-CRS]) recruited from the Spanish COPPADIS cohort from January 2016 to November 2017 were followed up after 2 years. Subjects with a score of ≥1 on domain 5 and item 13 of the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale at baseline (V0) were considered as “with SCC” and “with VH,” respectively. CI at the 2-year follow-up (plus or minus 1 month) (V2) was defined as a PD-CRS total score of <81. Results At V0 (n=376, 58.2% males, age 61.14±8.73 years [mean±SD]), the frequencies of VH and SCC were 13.6% and 62.2%, respectively. VH were more frequent in patients with SCC than in those without: 18.8% (44/234) vs 4.9% (7/142), p<0.0001. At V2, 15.2% (57/376) of the patients had developed CI. VH presenting at V0 was associated with a higher risk of CI at V2 (odds ratio [OR]=2.68, 95% confidence interval=1.05–6.83, p=0.0.039) after controlling for the effects of age, disease duration, education, medication, motor and nonmotor status, mood, and PD-CRS total score at V0. Although SCC were not associated with CI at V2, presenting both VH and SCC at V0 increased the probability of having CI at V2 (OR=3.71, 95% confidence interval=1.36–10.17, p=0.011). Conclusions VH were associated with the development of SCC and CI at the 2-year follow-up in patients with PD-NC.The resources obtained for the development of this project have been obtained by the Degen Foundation (https://fundaciondegen.org/). A part of the Project is financed with grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [PI16/01575] co-founded by ISCIII (Concesión de subvenciones de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud de la convocatoria 2020 de la Acción Estratégica en Salud 2017-2020 por el proyecto “PROGRESIÓN NO MOTORA E IMPACTO EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON”)

Eliminación de contaminantes emergentes en aguas residuales mediante oxidación avanzada con ozono y ultrasonidos

Algunos contaminantes emergentes, principalmente fármacos de diferentes clases así como drogas de abuso, pueden estar presentes en las aguas residuales urbanas, no siendo posible su eliminación mediante las técnicas convencionales de depuración. Se ha realizado un estudio en planta piloto en dos estaciones depuradoras de aguas residuales (EDAR), Font de la Pedra (Muro de Alcoy) y Molina de Segura (Murcia), con el fin de determinar la eficacia de eliminación de ciertos contaminantes emergentes mediante un tratamiento terciario de oxidación avanzada con ozono.Removal of emerging pollutants in sewage water subjected to advanced oxidation with ozone and ultrasound Emergent pollutants, mainly pharmaceuticals from different therapeutically classes and drugs of abuse, can be presents in urban sewage water, being not effective removed through conventional sewage water treatments. The objectives of this study, conducted at a modular mobile pilot plant in two different WWTP: Font de la Pedra STP (Muro de Alcoy) and Molina de Segura STP (Murcia), were the determination and the comparison between the removal efficiency of those contaminants through the conventional sewage water treatments, and with a tertiary treatment applied consisting on Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) based on ozone treatments, and ultrasounds

Starch Modified With Chitosan and Reinforced With Feather Keratin Materials Produced by Extrusion Process: An Alternative to Starch Polymers

They also reached up to 3800% and 3150% in maximum strength, respectively, compared to the matrix. The lysozyme test showed relevant changes in the degradability rate, because the weight loss of the films at 3 weeks decreased from 53% for starch-chitosan matrix and up to 34% for composites with 5wt% of modified quill. The results corroborated that chicken feather materials can be useful for the development of a manufacturing process for starch composites, and the decomposition of starch-chitosan composites can be controlled depending on the content and type of keratin.Starch (potato), chitosan, and feather keratin are used for processing biodegradable films produced by extrusion. The morphology of the films is examined with a scanning electron microscope and showed the excellent dispersion of keratin. The dispersion is the result of compatibility between the polysaccharides and proteins, as well as the proper operation of the extrusion process. Water solubility of the starch-chitosan films decreased with an increase of keratin materials. The storage modulus increased up to 137% for the composites with unmodified ground quill, and by 192% for composites with modified ground quill. In a tensile test, the composites with unmodified and modified quill reached outstanding increments up to 8160 and 7250% in elastic modulus, respectively, compared to the matrixUniversidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Universidad Autonoma de Cd. Juare

Características das ondas de desenvolvimento folicular em novilhas Bos taurus indicus pré-púberes de dois tamanhos diferentes

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in a period of 42 days prior to the onset of puberty (PB), the effects of size (small size and large size) of prepubertal Brahman heifers (BHM) on; age, characteristics of follicular dynamics, and body composition parameters. In addition, the frame score (body structure) was calculated as an additional estimator of height. We defined PB as the first ovulation preceded by the observation of estrus and followed by the formation of a corpus luteum (CL) of normal duration. Prepubertal BHM (10) heifers were used. The feeding was individual with corn silage and commercial concentrate to obtain similar weight gains. Measurements of weight and body condition score (BCS) were performed every 14 d. Ovulation and the formation of the CL were confirmed according to the monitoring of the ovarian structures by ultrasonography. Statistically, correlation analysis and analysis of variance were performed with the GLM procedure of SAS. A significant effect of size on the total number of follicles at PB was found, where small-sized heifers had 16 follicles, while those of large size had 12 follicles at PB (P &lt; 0.0001). The frame score of the undersized animals was 10 % higher than that of the oversized heifers (P &lt; 0.0001). Likewise, the frame score had a significant effect (P &lt; 0.0001) on the total number of follicles in the PB. In conclusion, the effect of height in prepubertal animals is a complex characteristic, associated with body composition parameters, which affects some of the characteristics of follicular dynamics, and is worth further study in Zebu cattle.En un periodo de 42 días previos al inicio de la pubertad (PB), se estudiaron los efectos de la talla (talla chica y talla grande) de vaquillas prepúberes de la raza Brahman (BHM) sobre; la edad, características de la dinámica folicular y parámetros de composición corporal. Además, se calculó el frame score (estructura corporal) como estimador adicional de la talla. La PB fue definida como la primera ovulación precedida por la observación del estro y seguida por la formación de un cuerpo lúteo de duración normal. Se utilizaron 10 vaquillas BHM. La alimentación fue individual con ensilado de maíz y concentrado comercial para obtención de ganancias de peso similares. Se realizaron pesajes y se midió la condición corporal (CC) cada 14 d. De acuerdo al monitoreo ultrasonográfico de las estructuras ováricas se confirmó la ovulación y la formación del cuerpo lúteo (CL). Estadísticamente se realizó un análisis de correlación y análisis de varianza con el procedimiento GLM del SAS. Se encontró efecto significativo de la talla sobre el número total de folículos a la PB, en donde las vaquillas de talla chica registraron 16 folículos, mientras que las de talla grande tuvieron 12 folículos a la PB (P &lt; 0.0001). El frame score de los animales de talla chica fue 10 % mayor que la de las vaquillas de talla grande (P &lt; 0.0001). Así mismo, se observó que el frame score tuvo un efecto significativo (P &lt; 0.0001) sobre el número total de folículos a la PB. Se concluye que el efecto de la talla en animales prepúberes una característica compleja, que está asociada con los parámetros de composición corporal y que afecta algunas de las características de la dinámica folicular y que además vale la pena seguir estudiando en el ganado Cebú.Em um período de 42 dias antes do início da puberdade (PB), os efeitos do tamanho (pequeno e grande porte) de novilhas Brahman pré-púberes (BHM) sobre; idade, características da dinâmica folicular e parâmetros de composição corporal. Além disso, a pontuação do quadro (estrutura corporal) foi calculada como um estimador adicional de altura. BP foi definido como a primeira ovulação precedida pela observação do estro e seguida pela formação de um corpo lúteo de duração normal. Foram utilizadas 10 novilhas BHM. A alimentação foi individual com silagem de milho e concentrado comercial para obtenção de ganhos de peso semelhantes. Pesagens foram realizadas e a condição corporal (CC) foi medida a cada 14 dias. De acordo com o acompanhamento ultrassonográfico das estruturas ovarianas, foi confirmada a ovulação e a formação do corpo lúteo (CL). Estatisticamente, uma análise de correlação e análise de variância foram realizadas com o procedimento GLM do SAS. Um efeito significativo do tamanho sobre o número total de folículos no BP foi encontrado, onde novilhas de pequeno porte tiveram 16 folículos, enquanto as de grande porte tiveram 12 folículos no BP (P &lt; 0,0001). O escore estrutural dos animais subdimensionados foi 10% maior do que o das novilhas superdimensionadas (P &lt; 0,0001). Da mesma forma, observou-se que o frame score teve efeito significativo (P &lt; 0,0001) sobre o número total de folículos no PB. Conclui-se que o efeito da altura em animais pré-púberes é uma característica complexa, que está associada a parâmetros de composição corporal e que afeta algumas das características da dinâmica folicular, e que também merece um estudo mais aprofundado em zebuínos

The Impact of Opuntia ficus-indica and Other Vegetables on Serum Cholesterol and Triglycerides: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Background: Cholesterol is primarily synthesized in the liver. Treatment with statins and diet regulation are commonly prescribed for people with hypercholesterolemia. Previous claims suggest that the consumption of nopal and other vegetables may have a significant effect on diabetes but scarce is known about its relationship with cholesterol and triglycerides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of nopal and other vegetables on serum cholesterol and triglyceride level in population not related with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: We analyzed a dataset comprising of students from UMAN and their relatives totaling 198 participants. Participants completed an informed consent, filled out questionnaires, anthropometric and serum lipid measurements. A semi-quantitative food questionnaire assessed the frequency and amount of consumption for 56-specific foods. We did a factor analysis with varimax rotation using 7 specific foods we were interested. We conducted linear regression analyses with total cholesterol, LDL-c, and triglycerides as dependent variables. Age, sex, BMI, body fat percentage, and consumption factors (fruits, vegetables, and grains) were included as predictors. Collinearity was assessed using VIF calculations. Results: Approximately 48% of participants consumed nopal on a weekly basis, with most considering their intake to be of median to large amounts, while only 11% reported never consuming nopal. Participants with diabetes showed higher nopal consumption [3.1 (s.e.m. 0.24) vs non-diabetic 2.7 (0.22) vs unknown 1.7 (0.28), p\u3c0.04]. A slight correlation was observed between high self-efficacy in diet and nopal ingestion (rho 0.15, p=0.02), but no significant correlations were found for fruits or grains. Regression analysis revealed that LDL-c was associated with obesity (b=-20, p=0.04) and marginally with body fat percentage (adjusted b=0.83, p=0.069), but not with any of the consumption factors. Total cholesterol was explained by age (adjusted b=0.5, p=0.002) and body fat percentage (b=1.05, p=0.024). HDL-c was marginally associated with sex (Male b=-8.3, p=0.08), while triglycerides were associated with age and obesity (overweight and Class-I, b=0.04, p=0.001 and b=0.04, p=0.04, respectively). No collinearity was found in the analyzed regressions (VIF between 0.1 and 3.4). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that cholesterol and other lipid traits are primarily influenced by genetic factors, with diet playing a minor role. Nopal, vegetables, and fruit showed no significant effects on serum lipid levels in our study. A limitation of our study is its cross-sectional design, and future research could benefit from longitudinal studies with controlled amounts of nopal and other foods