100 research outputs found

    Altered carbon cycling and trace-metal enrichment during the late Valanginian and early Hauterivian

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    Abstract.: Carbonates of Valanginian age deposited in the Tethys and Atlantic Oceans show a distinct positive ή13C excursion (Δ ή13C = 1.5‰-2‰) in sections of the neritic, hemipelagic, and pelagic environment. This excursion records a major climate-induced perturbation of the global carbon system. The ή13C excursion is accompanied by enrichments in manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). The correlation of the ή13C excursion with trends in Mn and Fe contents reflects changes in Valanginian paleoceanography and climate. Fe enrichment occurs mainly in terrestrial, platform, and shelf regions. In a basinal direction the Fe content decreases, whereas the Mn/Fe ratio increases. An increase in sedimentary Mn and Fe concentrations is related to elevated continental weathering rates and to widespread dys- or anoxia that favored metal deposition in Valanginian sediments. Various oceanographic changes (e.g., expansion of oxygen-minimum zones) resulting from increased continental runoff led to a strong remobilization and focused reprecipitation of metals in the oceans of the Valanginian stag

    Long-term air pollution and traffic noise exposures and mild cognitive impairment in older adults : a cross-sectional analysis of the Heinz Nixdorf recall study

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    Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) describes the intermediate state between normal cognitive aging and dementia. Adverse effects of air pollution (AP) on cognitive functions have been proposed, but investigations of simultaneous exposure to noise are scarce. Objectives: We analyzed the cross-sectional associations of long-term exposure to AP and traffic noise with overall MCI and amnestic (aMCI) and nonamnestic (naMCI) MCI. Methods: At the second examination of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, cognitive assessment was completed in 4,086 participants who were 50–80 years old. Of these, 592 participants were diagnosed as having MCI (aMCI, n = 309; naMCI, n = 283) according to previously published criteria using five neuropsychological subtests. We assessed long-term residential concentrations for size-fractioned particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides with land use regression, and for traffic noise [weighted 24-hr (LDEN) and night-time (LNIGHT) means]. Logistic regression models adjusted for individual risk factors were calculated to estimate the association of environmental exposures with MCI in single- and two-exposure models. Results: Most air pollutants and traffic noise were associated with overall MCI and aMCI. For example, an interquartile range increase in PM2.5 and a 10 A-weighted decibel [dB(A)] increase in LDEN were associated with overall MCI as follows [odds ratio (95% confidence interval)]: 1.16 (1.05, 1.27) and 1.40 (1.03, 1.91), respectively, and with aMCI as follows: 1.22 (1.08, 1.38) and 1.53 (1.05, 2.24), respectively. In two-exposure models, AP and noise associations were attenuated [e.g., for aMCI, PM2.5 1.13 (0.98, 1.30) and LDEN 1.46 (1.11, 1.92)]. Conclusions: Long-term exposures to air pollution and traffic noise were positively associated with MCI, mainly with the amnestic subtype

    Efficacy and safety of N-acetyl-l-leucine in Niemann–Pick disease type C

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    Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of N-acetyl-L-leucine (NALL) on symptoms, functioning, and quality of life in pediatric (≄ 6 years) and adult Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) patients. Methods: In this multi-national, open-label, rater-blinded Phase II study, patients were assessed during a baseline period, a 6-week treatment period (orally administered NALL 4 g/day in patients ≄ 13 years, weight-tiered doses for patients 6-12 years), and a 6-week post-treatment washout period. The primary Clinical Impression of Change in Severity (CI-CS) endpoint (based on a 7-point Likert scale) was assessed by blinded, centralized raters who compared randomized video pairs of each patient performing a pre-defined primary anchor test (8-Meter Walk Test or 9-Hole Peg Test) during each study periods. Secondary outcomes included cerebellar functional rating scales, clinical global impression, and quality of life assessments. Results: 33 subjects aged 7-64 years with a confirmed diagnosis of NPC were enrolled. 32 patients were included in the primary modified intention-to-treat analysis. NALL met the CI-CS primary endpoint (mean difference 0.86, SD = 2.52, 90% CI 0.25, 1.75, p = 0.029), as well as secondary endpoints. No treatment-related serious adverse events occurred. Conclusions: NALL demonstrated a statistically significant and clinical meaningfully improvement in symptoms, functioning, and quality of life in 6 weeks, the clinical effect of which was lost after the 6-week washout period. NALL was safe and well-tolerated, informing a favorable benefit-risk profile for the treatment of NPC. CLINICALTRIALS. Gov identifier: NCT03759639

    Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of Monkeypox virus

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    In this study, a rapid method for the detection of Central and West Africa clades of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay targeting the G2R gene was developed. MPXV, an Orthopoxvirus, is a zoonotic dsDNA virus, which is listed as a biothreat agent. RPA was operated at a single constant temperature of 42°C and produced results within 3 to 10 minutes. The MPXV-RPA-assay was highly sensitive with a limit of detection of 16 DNA molecules/Όl. The clinical performance of the MPXV-RPA-assay was tested using 47 sera and whole blood samples from humans collected during the recent MPXV outbreak in Nigeria as well as 48 plasma samples from monkeys some of which were experimentally infected with MPXV. The specificity of the MPXV-RPA-assay was 100% (50/50), while the sensitivity was 95% (43/45). This new MPXV-RPA-assay is fast and can be easily utilised at low resource settings using a solar powered mobile suitcase laboratory

    Film - Körper : BeitrÀge zu einer somatischen Medientheorie

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    Prof. Dr. Jens Schröter ist Herausgeber der Reihe und die Herausgeber der einzelnen Hefte sind renommierte Wissenschaftler und -innen aus dem In- und Ausland.Es kann als positives Zeichen fĂŒr eine immer weiter marginalisiert zu werden drohende Disziplin wie die Filmwissenschaft gelten, dass mit der neuen Ausgabe der medienwissenschaftlichen Schriftenreihe Navigationen nach der Veröffentlichung von High Definition Cinema (FrĂŒhjahr 2011) nun erneut – ein Jahr spĂ€ter – ein Sammelband mit filmwissenschaftlichem Fokus vorliegt. Unter dem Titel Film|Körper versammelt er Bausteine zu einer Körpertheorie des Films, die zwischen poststrukturalistischer und phĂ€nomenologischer Tradition vermitteln wollen. Es handelt sich bei Film|Körper zugleich um die zweite Publikation des Forschungsprojekts Körpertheorie der Medien, geleitet von Ivo Ritzer (UniversitĂ€t Mainz) und Marcus Stiglegger (UniversitĂ€t Siegen). Eine erste Tagung fand bereits im Oktober 2010 an der Johannes Gutenberg-UniversitĂ€t Mainz statt und resultierte in dem Sammelband Global Bodies. Mediale ReprĂ€sentationen des Körpers (2012).

    Die Bibliothek als Erfolgsfaktor - 10 Jahre danach

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    Im Jahr 2022 feiert die UniversitĂ€tsbibliothek Bochum ihr 60. JubilĂ€um. Die UB Bochum ist auf dem Campus der Ruhr-UniversitĂ€t Bochum neben ihrer Rolle als professionelle Dienstleisterin fĂŒr Studium, Lehre und Forschung lĂ€ngst ein attraktiver Lern- und Begegnungsort, geographisch zentral und in Sachen Digitalisierung sowie Vernetzung und Kooperationen zukunftsweisend

    Women - Gender - Academia. Essays of an Interdisciplinary Research Symposium

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    Vom 21. Juni 2013 bis zum 23. Juni 2013 fand an der UniversitĂ€t Passau das Symposium „Gender.Frauen.Wissenschaft.“ statt, auf dem der vorliegende Sammelband basiert. Veranstalterin war das FrauenbĂŒro der UniversitĂ€t Passau, welches mit der Veranstaltung verschiedene Ziele bezweckte. Ausgehend von der Tatsache, dass es an der UniversitĂ€t zu dem Zeitpunkt keine institutionalisierten Gender-Studies gab, aber viele Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler, die zu Genderfragen bzw. Genderaspekten in ihrem Fach forschen, sollte das Symposium solchen Personen die Gelegenheit geben, sich kennenzulernen, ĂŒber die Forschungsprojekte sich auszutauschen und zu vernetzen. In der Tat glĂŒckte der intra- und interfakultĂ€re Ansatz. Da sich das Symposium als Förderinstrument verstand, sollte der Schwerpunkt auf dem wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs liegen. So versammelt der Band BeitrĂ€ge von Autorinnen und Autoren in ganz unterschiedlichen Qualifizierungsphasen

    Valenzen des Lachens in der Vormoderne (1250-1750)

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    Das Lachen war oft Gegenstand theoretischer Reflexion. Untersuchungen zu den spezifischen historischen Konstellationen des Lachens in der Vormoderne fehlen dagegen fast ganz. Diesem Defizit ist der vorliegende Band gewidmet. Über das Lachen lĂ€sst sich historisches SelbstverstĂ€ndnis erschließen. Werte und Tabus treten in politischen, historiographischen, literarischen und brieflichen Zeugnissen, die mit dem Lachen befasst sind, in besonders prĂ€gnanter Weise hervor. Das Lachen ist eine Form der Kommunikation und sozialen Interaktion, die nicht nur durch Instrumentalisierung in der Propaganda neue IdentitĂ€ten schaffen und festigen kann. Lachen dient als Machtinstrument, trĂ€gt zur gruppeninternen VerstĂ€ndigung bei und ist ein Mittel der Sinnstiftung. Die hier versammelten BeitrĂ€ge untersuchen die Valenzen des Lachens empirisch und in interdisziplinĂ€rer Perspektive vom Mittelalter bis ins 18. Jahrhundert. Exemplarische Studien loten so das Potential einer historischen Erforschung des Lachens aus
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