Universal properties of distorted Kerr-Newman black holes

We discuss universal properties of axisymmetric and stationary configurations consisting of a central black hole and surrounding matter in Einstein-Maxwell theory. In particular, we find that certain physical equations and inequalities (involving angular momentum, electric charge and horizon area) are not restricted to the Kerr-Newman solution but can be generalized to the situation where the black hole is distorted by an arbitrary axisymmetric and stationary surrounding matter distribution.Comment: 7 page

Bulk and surface magnetoinductive breathers in binary metamaterials

We study theoretically the existence of bulk and surface discrete breathers in a one-dimensional magnetic metamaterial comprised of a periodic binary array of split-ring resonators. The two types of resonators differ in the size of their slits and this leads to different resonant frequencies. In the framework of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) we construct several types of breather excitations for both the energy-conserved and the dissipative-driven systems by continuation of trivial breather solutions from the anticontinuous limit to finite couplings. Numerically-exact computations that integrate the full model equations confirm the quality of the RWA results. Moreover, it is demonstrated that discrete breathers can spontaneously appear in the dissipative-driven system as a results of a fundamental instability.Comment: 10 pages, 16 figure

Field of homogeneous Plane in Quantum Electrodynamics

We study quantum electrodynamics coupled to the matter field on singular background, which we call defect. For defect on the infinite plane we calculated the fermion propagator and mean electromagnetic field. We show that at large distances from the defect plane, the electromagnetic field is constant what is in agreement with the classical results. The quantum corrections determining the field near the plane are calculated in the leading order of perturbation theory.Comment: 16 page

Non-existence of stationary two-black-hole configurations

We resume former discussions of the question, whether the spin-spin repulsion and the gravitational attraction of two aligned black holes can balance each other. To answer the question we formulate a boundary value problem for two separate (Killing-) horizons and apply the inverse (scattering) method to solve it. Making use of results of Manko, Ruiz and Sanabria-G\'omez and a novel black hole criterion, we prove the non-existence of the equilibrium situation in question.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures; Contribution to Juergen Ehlers Memorial Issue (GeRG journal

Effects of bovine colostrum on performance, survival, and immunoglobulin status of suckling piglets during the first days of life

Supplementation of bovine colostrum (BC) has shown to improve growth performance, intestinal development, and immune response in early-weaned pigs. Little is known about whether BC may have similar effects in neonatal piglets. In the present study, the effect of BC supplementation on mortality, growth performance, and blood parameters (plasma proteins and white blood count) of suckling piglets in the first 10 days of life was investigated under practical conditions with special emphasis on low birth weight piglets. In total, 258 newborn piglets from 30 multiparous sows in a commercial breeding unit were randomly assigned to two different treatment groups. Piglets received either 1 ml of BC orally on days 1-3 of life (group BC, n = 128) or 1 ml of saline (0.9%) (control (CON) group; n = 130). Body weight was measured on days 1, 4, and 10 of life. Blood was collected on days 1 and 4 from 60 piglets per group. No differences in mortality, body weight, and average daily weight gain were observed between treatment groups in days 1-10. However, compared to CON, particularly in low birth weight piglets the administration of BC supported (P < 0.01) their survival. Group BC exhibited lower plasma total protein (P = 0.03) and beta-globulin (P = 0.02) concentrations compared to group CON. In conclusion, BC improved low and normal birth weight piglets' survival during their first 10 days of life. Further research is needed to clarify whether the survival rate is related to earlier gut closure indicated by lower plasma protein levels, which might be beneficial due to a lower uptake of potential antigenic substances

Effects of bovine colostrum on performance, survival, and immunoglobulin status of suckling piglets during the first days of life

Supplementation of bovine colostrum (BC) has shown to improve growth performance, intestinal development, and immune response in early-weaned pigs. Little is known about whether BC may have similar effects in neonatal piglets. In the present study, the effect of BC supplementation on mortality, growth performance, and blood parameters (plasma proteins and white blood count) of suckling piglets in the first 10 days of life was investigated under practical conditions with special emphasis on low birth weight piglets. In total, 258 newborn piglets from 30 multiparous sows in a commercial breeding unit were randomly assigned to two different treatment groups. Piglets received either 1 ml of BC orally on days 1-3 of life (group BC, n = 128) or 1 ml of saline (0.9%) (control (CON) group; n = 130). Body weight was measured on days 1, 4, and 10 of life. Blood was collected on days 1 and 4 from 60 piglets per group. No differences in mortality, body weight, and average daily weight gain were observed between treatment groups in days 1-10. However, compared to CON, particularly in low birth weight piglets the administration of BC supported (P < 0.01) their survival. Group BC exhibited lower plasma total protein (P = 0.03) and beta-globulin (P = 0.02) concentrations compared to group CON. In conclusion, BC improved low and normal birth weight piglets' survival during their first 10 days of life. Further research is needed to clarify whether the survival rate is related to earlier gut closure indicated by lower plasma protein levels, which might be beneficial due to a lower uptake of potential antigenic substances

Non-existence of stationary two-black-hole configurations: The degenerate case

In a preceding paper we examined the question whether the spin-spin repulsion and the gravitational attraction of two aligned sub-extremal black holes can balance each other. Based on the solution of a boundary value problem for two separate (Killing-) horizons and a novel black hole criterion we were able to prove the non-existence of the equilibrium configuration in question. In this paper we extend the non-existence proof to extremal black holes.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figure

Switching of Discrete Solitons in Engineered Waveguide Arrays

We demonstrate a simple method for controlling nonlinear switching of discrete solitons in arrays of weakly coupled optical waveguides, for both cubic and uadratic nonlinearities. Based on the effective discrete nonlinear equations describing the waveguide arrays in the tight-binding approximation, we develop the concept of the array engineering by means of a step-like variation of the waveguide coupling. We demonstrate the digitized switching of a narrow input beam for up to eleven neighboring waveguides, in the case of the cubic nonlinearity, and up to ten waveguides, in the case of quadratic nonlinearity. We discuss our predictions in terms of the physics of the engineered Peierls-Nabarro (PN) potential experienced by strongly localized nonlinear modes moving in a lattice and calculate, for the first time, the PN potential for the quadratic nonlinear array. We also confirm our concept and major findings for a full-scaled continuous model and realistic parameters, by means of the beam propagation method.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to Physical review

Hygroscopic growth and activation of HULIS particles: experimental data and a new iterative parameterization scheme for complex aerosol particles

International audienceThe hygroscopic growth and activation of two HULIS and one Aerosol-Water-Extract sample, prepared from urban-type aerosol, were investigated. All samples were extracted from filters, redissolved in water and atomized for the investigations presented here. The hygroscopic growth measurements were done using LACIS (Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator) together with a HH-TDMA (High Humidity Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer). Hygroscopic growth was determined for relative humidities up to 99.75%. The critical diameters for activation were measured using LACIS for supersaturations between 2 and 10 per mill. All three samples showed a similar hygroscopic growth behaviour, and the two HULIS samples also were similar in their activation behavior, while the Aerosol-Water-Extract turned out to be more CCN active than the HULIS samples. The experimental data was used to derive parameterizations for the hygroscopic growth and activation of HULIS particles. The concept of ?ion (Wex et al., 2007a) and the Szyszkowski-equation (Szyszkowski, 1908; Facchini et al., 1999) were used for parameterizing the Raoult and the Kelvin (surface tension) terms of the Köhler equation, respectively. This concept proved to be very successful for the HULIS samples in the saturation range from relative humidities larger than 98% up to activation. However it failed for the Aerosol-Water extract

A Study of The Formation of Stationary Localized States Due to Nonlinear Impurities Using The Discrete Nonlinear Schr\"odinger Equation

The Discrete Nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger Equation is used to study the formation of stationary localized states due to a single nonlinear impurity in a Caley tree and a dimeric nonlinear impurity in the one dimensional system. The rotational nonlinear impurity and the impurity of the form $-\chi \mid C \mid^{\sigma}$ where $\sigma$ is arbitrary and $\chi$ is the nonlinearity parameter are considered. Furthermore, $\mid C \mid$ represents the absolute value of the amplitude. Altogether four cases are studies. The usual Greens function approach and the ansatz approach are coherently blended to obtain phase diagrams showing regions of different number of states in the parameter space. Equations of critical lines separating various regions in phase diagrams are derived analytically. For the dimeric problem with the impurity $-\chi \mid C \mid^{\sigma}$, three values of $\mid \chi_{cr} \mid$, namely, $\mid \chi_{cr} \mid = 2$, at $\sigma = 0$ and $\mid \chi_{cr} \mid = 1$ and $\frac{8}{3}$ for $\sigma = 2$ are obtained. Last two values are lower than the existing values. Energy of the states as a function of parameters is also obtained. A model derivation for the impurities is presented. The implication of our results in relation to disordered systems comprising of nonlinear impurities and perfect sites is discussed.Comment: 10 figures available on reques