Különböző országokból származó cianobaktérium populációk toxicitása

7 Microcystis és 2 Planktothrix toxintermelő cianobaktérium minta vizsgálatára került sor, melyek a Velencei tóból, Braziliából és Németországból származnak. A minták egy része a természetben gyűjtött biomassza, míg másik része törzsizolátum. A toxicitás detektálására Thamnotox kittet, patkány májsejtvonalat, egértesztet alkalmaztunk. Az eredményeket összevetettük a HPLC-s analízis eredményeivel, mely szerint a brazil mintákban microcystin LR forma, vagyis a legtoxikusabb variáns nem fordult elő. A magyar és német minták egyaránt tartalmazták mindhárom vizsgált microcystin formát (LR, RR, YR), azonban a magyar mintákban az LR forma koncentrációja egy nagyságrenddel nagyobb volt, mint a német mintákban. Toxicitásban a magyar és brazil minták mutattak hasonlóságot, bár a brazil minták nem tartalmaztak LR variánst, de az RR forma koncentrációja olyan magas volt (12,5 és 14,8 mg/g), hogy ez jelentkezett a hasonló toxicitásban. A német minták alacsonyabb toxicitása a kisebb toxintartalommal magyarázható. A korreláció a Thamnotox teszt eredmények és az egérteszt eredmények között igen szoros (r: 0,967), míg a teljes toxin koncentráció és az egérteszt között 0,473, ugyanígy a teljes toxin koncentráció és a Thamnotoxkit teszt között (r: 0,680) jóval gyengébb az összefüggés. Hasonló eredményre jutottunk a májsejtekre kifejtett toxikus hatással kapcsolatban is. A biomassza kivonatok toxikusabbnak tűnnek, mint az a microcystin tartalommal magyarázható lenne, tehát feltételezhető, hogy a már ismert toxinokon kívül más toxikus hatású vegyületekkel is kell számolnunk a cianobaktériumoknál

Spinnability and characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based bicomponent fibers with a carbon nanotube (CNT) modified polypropylene core for piezoelectric applications

Biodiesel production has received considerable attention in the recent past as a nonpolluting fuel. However, this assertion has been based on its biodegradability and reduction in exhaust emissions. Assessments of water and soil biodiesel pollution are still limited. Spill simulation with biodiesel and their diesel blends in soils were carried out, aiming at analyzing their cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials. While the cytotoxicity observed may be related to diesel contaminants, the genotoxic and mutagenic effects can be ascribed to biodiesel pollutants. Thus, taking into account that our data stressed harmful effects on organisms exposed to biodiesel-polluted soils, the designation of this biofuel as an environmental-friendly fuel should be carefully reviewed to assure environmental quality. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

First report on the identification of microcystin in a water bloom collected in Belgium

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Water quality monitoring by THAMNOTOXKIT FTM including cyanobacterial blooms

The Thamnotoxkit F™ was evaluated for detecting cyanobacterial toxins as they may be hazardous to human health if they reach drinking water networks or if people are exposed through recreational activity. This test kit is a 24-hour bioassay using larvae of the freshwater anostracan crusacean Thamnocephalus platyurus hatched from cysts. Nine freeze-dried Microcystis aeruginosa samples from freshwaters of Hungary, Germany and Brazil were tested with the Thamnotox test, rat hepatocyte test, mouse test and analysed for microcystins by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It can be concluded that the Thamnotox test is an alternative simple, cost-effective method that may replace the mouse bioassay used previously for determination of cyanobacterial toxicity

Highly efficient DNA-free gene disruption in the agricultural pest Ceratitis capitata by CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes

The Mediterranean fruitfly Ceratitis capitata (medfly) is an invasive agricultural pest of high economic impact and has become an emerging model for developing new genetic control strategies as an alternative to insecticides. Here, we report the successful adaptation of CRISPR-Cas9-based gene disruption in the medfly by injecting in vitro pre-assembled, solubilized Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) loaded with gene-specific single guide RNAs (sgRNA) into early embryos. When targeting the eye pigmentation gene white eye (we), a high rate of somatic mosaicism in surviving G0 adults was observed. Germline transmission rate of mutated we alleles by G0 animals was on average above 52%, with individual cases achieving nearly 100%. We further recovered large deletions in the we gene when two sites were simultaneously targeted by two sgRNAs. CRISPR-Cas9 targeting of the Ceratitis ortholog of the Drosophila segmentation paired gene (Ccprd) caused segmental malformations in late embryos and in hatched larvae. Mutant phenotypes correlate with repair by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) lesions in the two targeted genes. This simple and highly effective Cas9 RNP-based gene editing to introduce mutations in C. capitata will significantly advance the design and development of new effective strategies for pest control management

Cytotoxicity of water-soluble fraction from biodiesel and its diesel blends to human cell lines

The designation of biodiesel as a green fuel has increased its commercialization and use, making its fate in the environment a matter of concern. Fuel spills constitute a major source of aquatic pollution and, like diesel spills, biodiesel can produce adverse effects on aquatic environments, animals and humans. The present study assessed cytotoxic effects of water systems contaminated with neat biodiesel and its diesel blends by means of different procedures on human T cell leukemia (Jurkat) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells [detection of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi(m)) using tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE), apoptosis recognition by Annexin V and impedance real-time cell analyzer (xCELLigence (TM) system)]. The data obtained showed concordance across the different bioassays, with cytotoxic effects observed as a dose-dependent response only for waters contaminated with pure diesel (D100) and B5 blend, which is characterized by a mixture of 95% diesel and 5% biodiesel. The data can also lead us to hypothesize that diesel accounts for the harmful effects observed, and that biodiesel does not worsen the impacts caused by diesel pollution. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP