A paper waste prediction model

The aim of this paper is to develop a model predicting the collected amount of waste paper at the regional level of municipalities. Leaming about the factors that influence the amount of collected paper is a prerequisite for the evaluation and reorganization of collection systems. We hypothesize that the amount of collected paper depends on both, the waste potential and factors which influence the convenience such as the density of collection sites. For this study, we use a sample of 649 municipalities. The data show a high variance in terms of the collected waste paper per person and year between the municipalities. We develop a multivariate regression model providing valuable insights about the relationship between demographic parameters and the amount of collected waste paper. Furthermore, in this novel approach we found a significant positive impact of the convenience of the collection system

Zur Verwertbarkeit der Grossschreibung bei der automatischen Reduktion syntaktischer Wortformen-Mehrdeutigkeiten im Deutschen

Diese zusammen mit Heinz-Josef Weber erstellte Studie zeigte, dass die Bedeutung der Groß-/Klein-Schreibung für die Reduktion von syntaktischen Mehrdeutigkeiten nicht so groß ist, wie vorher angenommen. Dies hat nicht nur für die automatische Analyse, sondern auch für die Diskussion über eine (gemäßigte) Rechtschreibreform Relevanz

OR13-3 Effects of Iron Isomaltoside versus Ferric Carboxymaltose on Hormonal Control of Phosphate Homeostasis: The PHOSPHARE-IDA04/05 Randomized Controlled Trials

Iron isomaltoside (IIM) and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) are newer intravenous iron preparations that can be administered in high-doses to rapidly correct iron deficiency anemia (IDA). FCM can cause hypophosphatemia due to fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) mediated renal phosphate wasting, which has been associated with osteomalacia, but the comparative effects of IIM are unknown. In two separate, identically designed, open label randomized controlled trials, we 1:1 randomized 245 adults with IDA to receive IIM (single infusion of 1000 mg) or FCM (FDA-approved dosing schedule: 2 infusions of 750 mg administered 1 week apart). We compared the incidence, severity and duration of hypophosphatemia, and effects on renal phosphate excretion, FGF23, PTH, vitamin D, and biomarkers of bone turnover measured in blood and urine samples collected at study visits at baseline (day 0) and on days 1, 7, 8, 14, 21, and 35. In pooled analyses of both trials, the incidence of hypophosphatemia 35 days. FCM but not IIM also induced changes in vitamin D and calcium homeostasis that triggered secondary hyperparathyroidism, which likely contributed to persistence of hypophosphatemia. Consistent with case reports of pathological fractures following FCM use, FCM also induced significant elevations of biomarkers of bone turnover that are associated with osteomalacia

Odorant-Bindeproteine (OBPs) als molekulare Detektoreinheiten für die Erkennung und Diskriminierung von Duftstoffen

Das olfakorische System ist in der Lage, Tausende von Duftstoffen zu diskriminieren und sie z.T. in geringste Konzentrationen zu detektieren. Diese enorme Erkennungskapazität wird generell auf die Vielfalt an Odorantrezeptoren der olfaktorischen Sinneszellen zurückgeführt. Man geht jedoch davon aus, daß die Duftstoffmoleküle zunächst mit den sogenannten Odorant-Bindeproteinen (OBPs) interagieren, die als Transporter die überwiegend hydrophoben organischen Moleküle durch die wässrige Mucusbarriere zu den Sinneszellen transferieren. OBPs gehören zu den Lipocalinen, die sich durch eine simple aber sehr rigide beta-Faß Struktur mit einer hydrophoben Bindungstasche und einer überwiegend hydrophilen Proteinoberfläche auszeichnen; sie stellen damit ideale „Lösungsvermittler“ für hydrophobe Substanzen dar. Die Entdeckung von mehreren OBP-Subtypen in einer Spezies und die geringe Sequenzhomologie der Subtypen untereinander legte die Vermutung nahe, dass die unterschiedlichen OBPs für die Interaktion mit distinkten chemischen Strukturklassen spezialisiert sind, d.h. über eine gewissen Ligandenspezifität verfügen. Im Hinblick auf detaillierte Analysen der Bindungseigenschaften von OBPs wurden drei identifizierte OBP-Subtypen der Ratte in E. coli als Histidin-Fusionsproteine überexprimiert und unter nativen Bedingungen gereinigt. Für die Charakterisierung der Wechselwirkungen dieser Proteine mit verschiedenen Liganden wurde ein markierungsfreier fluoreszenzspektroskopischer “Schnelltest“ entwickelt, der auf einer reversiblen Interaktion von OBP mit Fluoreszenzchromophor beruht. Durch die Änderung der Fluoreszenzeigenschaften des Chromophors bei einer spezifischen Wechselwirkung mit dem OBP sind die gebundenen Chromophoren im Emissionsspektrum selektiv erkennbar; eine Trennung von freiem und gebundenen Chromophore wird dadurch überflüssig. Diese Methode scheint für ein Hochdurchsatzscreening prädestiniert zu sein

Calculation of the Structure Properties of a Strange Quark Star in the Presence of Strong Magnetic Field Using a Density Dependent Bag Constant

In this article we have calculated the structure properties of a strange quark star in static model in the presence of a strong magnetic field using MIT bag model with a density dependent bag constant. To parameterize the density dependence of bag constant, we have used our results for the lowest order constrained variational calculation of the asymmetric nuclear matter. By calculating the equation of state of strange quark matter, we have shown that the pressure of this system increases by increasing both density and magnetic field. Finally, we have investigated the effect of density dependence of bag constant on the structure properties of strange quark star.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures, Res. in Astron. Astrophys. (2012) accepte

Nucleus-nucleus collisions at high baryon densities

We study central collision of Pb+Pb at 20, 40, 80 and 160 AGeV within the UrQMD transport approach and compare rapidity distributions of pi-, K+, K- and Lambda with the recent measurements from the NA49 Collaboration at 40, 80 and 160 AGeV. It is found that the UrQMD model reasonably describes the data, however, systematically overpredicts the pi- yield by about 20%, whereas the K+ yield is underestimated by about 15%. The K- yields are in a good agreement with the experimental data, the Lambda yields are also in a reasonable correspondence with the data for all energies. We find that hadronic flavour exchange reactions largely distort the information about the initial strangeness production mechanism at all energies considered.Comment: 9 pages, including 3 eps figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.

Chromosomal Localization of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen Gene Family and Differential Expression in Various Tumors

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein which is important as a tumor marker for a number of human cancers. It is a member of a gene family comprising about 10 closely related genes. In order to characterize mUNAs transcribed from individual genes we have identified by DNA and RNA hybridization experiments, gene-specific sequences from the 3 ' noncoding regions of CEA, and of nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) mRNAs, which have been recently cloned. With these probes, CEA mRNAs with lengths of 3.5 and 3.0 kilobases and an NCA mRNA species of 2.5 kilobases were identified in various human tumors. A 2.2-kilobase mRNA species, however, could only be detected in leu kocytes of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia by hybridization with a probe from the immunoglobulin-like repeat domain of CEA. This region is known to be very similar among the various members of the CEA gene family, and indeed the probe hybridizes with all four mRNA species. In situ hybridization with a cross-hybridizing probe from the NCA gene localized the members of the CEA gene family to the short and to the long arm of chromosome 19. In addition, a CEA cDNA probe was found to hybridize to the long arm of chromosome 19 only

Pretreatment thrombocytosis: A prognostic marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma?

Purpose: Thrombocytosis associated with poorer prognoses seems to be a frequent preoperative finding in different kind of cancers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether thrombocytosis can be used as a prognostic marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Methods: Altogether, 288 patients with oral SCC were considered, as well as all platelet counts between 1 and 5days prior to surgical treatment, recurrence rate, and lymph node metastasis. The minimum follow-up time was 12months. Results: The mean preoperative thrombocyte score of the patients who received surgery was 259.55 ± 83.8 Tsd/μl; 273 out of 288 patients were in the normal thrombocyte range, and 12 had a thrombocytosis. From 51 patients with recurrence, three were in the thrombocytosis group, and 45 patients with recurrence were in the normal thrombocyte range. Conclusion: The present results do not confirm that thrombocytosis can be seen as marker for poor tumor prognosi