Is Brain Banking of Psychiatric Cases Valuable for Neurobiological Research?

It is widely accepted that neurobiological abnormalities underlie the symptoms of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and unipolar or bipolar affective disorders. New molecular methods, computer-assisted quantification techniques and neurobiological investigation methods that can be applied to the human brain are all used in post-mortem investigations of psychiatric disorders. The following article describes modern quantitative methods and recent post-mortem findings in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Using our brain bank as an example, necessary considerations of modern brain banking are addressed such as ethical considerations, clinical work-up, preparation techniques and the organization of a brain bank, the value of modern brain banking for investigations of psychiatric disorders is summarized

Анализ возможности использования борсодержащих материалов в транспортных упаковках с РАО

Выпускная квалификационная работа включает в себя: 126 страниц, 43 рисунка, 24 таблицы, 5 приложений.Объектом исследования является тетраборид вольфрама. Цель работы – проведение многоступенчатого анализа возможности применения тетраборида вольфрама в качестве материала для усиления радиационной защиты контейнеров для транспортировки и хранения РАО. В процессе исследования были изучены инженерные и программные методы расчёта ослабления потоков радиационных частиц, проанализированы различные защитные материалы с точки зрения ослабления проходящего через них ионизирующего излучения. В результате исследования получены подробные данные о радиационно-защитных характеристиках тетраборида вольфрама. Степень внедрения: высокая. Область применения: ядерная промышленность.Final qualifying work includes: 126 pages, 43 drawings, 24 tables, 5 prilozheniy.Obektom study is tetraborid tungsten. Purpose - to conduct analysis of the possibility of using multi-tetraborida tungsten as a material for strengthening radiation protection container for transportation and storage of radioactive waste. During the research were studied engineering and software methods for calculating the attenuation of radiation particles flows analyzed various protective materials from the standpoint of weakening passing through them to ionizing radiation. The study detailed data on radiation protection characteristics of tungsten tetraborida. Degree of implementation: high. Scope: the nuclear industry

Effect of sintering temperature on properties of transparent YSZ-ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering

Transparent yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics were sintered with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method at different temperatures. The influence of sintering temperature (1200-1400°С) on the ceramics microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated and discussed

Cholinergic basal forebrain structure influences the reconfiguration of white matter connections to support residual memory in mild cognitive impairment

The fornix and hippocampus are critical to recollection in the healthy human brain. Fornix degeneration is a feature of aging and Alzheimer's disease. In the presence of fornix damage in mild cognitive impairment ( MCI ), a recognized prodrome of Alzheimer's disease, recall shows greater dependence on other tracts, notably the parahippocampal cingulum ( PHC ). The current aims were to determine whether this shift is adaptive and to probe its relationship to cholinergic signaling, which is also compromised in Alzheimer's disease. Twenty-five human participants with MCI and 20 matched healthy volunteers underwent diffusion MRI, behavioral assessment, and volumetric measurement of the basal forebrain. In a regression model for recall, there was a significant group × fornix interaction, indicating that the association between recall and fornix structure was weaker in patients. The opposite trend was present for the left PHC. To further investigate this pattern, two regression models were generated to account for recall performance: one based on fornix microstructure and the other on both fornix and left PHC. The realignment to PHC was positively correlated with free recall but not non-memory measures, implying a reconfiguration that is beneficial to residual memory. There was a positive relationship between realignment to PHC and basal forebrain gray matter volume despite this region demonstrating atrophy at a group level, i.e., the cognitive realignment to left PHC was most apparent when cholinergic areas were relatively spared. Therefore, cholinergic systems appear to enable adaptation to injury even as they degenerate, which has implications for functional restoration

Perbandingan Pendekatan Tradisional dan Semantic Web untuk Akses Informasi Sebagai Penunjang Pengambilan Keputusan

Pengambilan keputusan pada dunia industry akan membutuhkan data teks, grafik dan juga bentuk data traditional lainnya. Dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini makasifat dari sumber informasi berkembang sehingga berjumlah sangat besar, keragaman jenis sumber informasi (sintaktik, struktur, semantic) dan data volume data semakin besar serta komplek

Proteome-wide characterization of signalling interactions in the hippocampal CA4/DG subfield of patients with Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia; however, mechanisms and biomarkers remain unclear. Here, we examined hippocampal CA4 and dentate gyrus subfields, which are less studied in the context of AD pathology, in post-mortem AD and control tissue to identify possible biomarkers. We performed mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis combined with label-free quantification for identification of differentially expressed proteins. We identified 4,328 proteins, of which 113 showed more than 2-fold higher or lower expression in AD hippocampi than in control tissues. Five proteins were identified as putative AD biomarkers (MDH2, PCLO, TRRAP, YWHAZ, and MUC19 isoform 5) and were cross-validated by immunoblotting, selected reaction monitoring, and MALDI imaging. We also used a bioinformatics approach to examine upstream signalling interactions of the 113 regulated proteins. Five upstream signalling (IGF1, BDNF, ZAP70, MYC, and cyclosporin A) factors showed novel interactions in AD hippocampi. Taken together, these results demonstrate a novel platform that may provide new strategies for the early detection of AD and thus its diagnosis

Distribution of magnetic remanence carriers in the human brain

That the human brain contains magnetite is well established;however, its spatial distribution in the brain has remained unknown. We present room temperature, remanent magnetization measurements on 822 specimens from seven dissected whole human brains in order to systematically map concentrations of magnetic remanence carriers. Median saturation remanent magnetizations from the cerebellum were approximately twice as high as those from the cerebral cortex in all seven cases (statistically significantly distinct, p = 0.016). Brain stems were over two times higher in magnetization on average than the cerebral cortex. The ventral (lowermost) horizontal layer of the cerebral cortex was consistently more magnetic than the average cerebral cortex in each of the seven studied cases. Although exceptions existed, the reproducible magnetization patterns lead us to conclude that magnetite is preferentially partitioned in the human brain, specifically in the cerebellum and brain stem