Transformer Training Strategies for Forecasting Multiple Load Time Series

In the smart grid of the future, accurate load forecasts on the level of individual clients can help to balance supply and demand locally and to prevent grid outages. While the number of monitored clients will increase with the ongoing smart meter rollout, the amount of data per client will always be limited. We evaluate whether a Transformer load forecasting model benefits from a transfer learning strategy, where a global univariate model is trained on the load time series from multiple clients. In experiments with two datasets containing load time series from several hundred clients, we find that the global training strategy is superior to the multivariate and local training strategies used in related work. On average, the global training strategy results in 21.8% and 12.8% lower forecasting errors than the two other strategies, measured across forecasting horizons from one day to one month into the future. A comparison to linear models, multi-layer perceptrons and LSTMs shows that Transformers are effective for load forecasting when they are trained with the global training strategy

Removal of Hepatitis B virus surface HBsAg and core HBcAg antigens using microbial fuel cells producing electricity from human urine

© 2019, The Author(s). Microbial electrochemical technology is emerging as an alternative way of treating waste and converting this directly to electricity. Intensive research on these systems is ongoing but it currently lacks the evaluation of possible environmental transmission of enteric viruses originating from the waste stream. In this study, for the first time we investigated this aspect by assessing the removal efficiency of hepatitis B core and surface antigens in cascades of continuous flow microbial fuel cells. The log-reduction (LR) of surface antigen (HBsAg) reached a maximum value of 1.86 ± 0.20 (98.6% reduction), which was similar to the open circuit control and degraded regardless of the recorded current. Core antigen (HBcAg) was much more resistant to treatment and the maximal LR was equal to 0.229 ± 0.028 (41.0% reduction). The highest LR rate observed for HBsAg was 4.66 ± 0.19 h−1 and for HBcAg 0.10 ± 0.01 h−1. Regression analysis revealed correlation between hydraulic retention time, power and redox potential on inactivation efficiency, also indicating electroactive behaviour of biofilm in open circuit control through the snorkel-effect. The results indicate that microbial electrochemical technologies may be successfully applied to reduce the risk of environmental transmission of hepatitis B virus but also open up the possibility of testing other viruses for wider implementation

The Novel Immunosuppressive Protein Kinase C Inhibitor Sotrastaurin Has No Pro-Viral Effects on the Replication Cycle of Hepatitis B or C Virus

The pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor sotrastaurin (AEB071) is a novel immunosuppressant currently in phase II trials for immunosuppression after solid organ transplantation. Besides T-cell activation, PKC affects numerous cellular processes that are potentially important for the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), major blood-borne pathogens prevalent in solid organ transplant recipients. This study uses state of the art virological assays to assess the direct, non-immune mediated effects of sotrastaurin on HBV and HCV. Most importantly, sotrastaurin had no pro-viral effect on either HBV or HCV. In the presence of high concentrations of sotrastaurin, well above those used clinically and close to levels where cytotoxic effects become detectable, there was a reduction of HCV and HBV replication. This reduction is very likely due to cytotoxic and/or anti-proliferative effects rather than direct anti-viral activity of the drug. Replication cycle stages other than genome replication such as viral cell entry and spread of HCV infection directly between adjacent cells was clearly unaffected by sotrastaurin. These data support the evaluation of sotrastaurin in HBV and/or HCV infected transplant recipients

Game laboratory studies

Prof. Dr. Jens Schröter ist Herausgeber der Reihe und die Herausgeber der einzelnen Hefte sind renommierte Wissenschaftler und -innen aus dem In- und Ausland.Um die Analyse von Computerspielen aus produktionsästhetischer Perspektive zu erproben, lehnt sich der vorliegende Band an die Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie (ANT) an. Mit ihr geht es ihm um die Frage nach den Aktanten des Game Design – etwa: Welche Hard- und Softwarekomponenten kommen wann und wofür zum Einsatz; wie und mittels welcher Medien notieren Level-Designer ihre Ideen, und wie werden die Aufzeichnungen später von Programmierern implementiert; und welche Rolle spielt eigentlich eine Action-Figur auf dem Schreibtisch eines Textur-Artists

Multisensorbasierte Fahrzeugortungssysteme im Labor validieren

Die optimale Nutzung freier Kapazitäten in Schienen- und Schifffahrtswegen erfordert im Allgemeinen eine hochgenaue Orts-, Navigations- und Zeitbasis. Im aktuellen BMWi-Forschungsprojekt PiLoNav (Precise and integer Localisation and Navigation in Rail and Inlandwater Traffic) werden integrierte Systeme entworfen, welche neben den Ortungssignalen von globalen Satellitennavigationssystemen (GNSS) auch Signale zusätzlicher fahrzeugseitiger Sensorik wie inertialen, radargestützten, akustischen oder optischen Sensoren fusionieren. Feldtests im Schienen- und Wasserverkehr gestalten sich aus betrieblicher Sicht schwierig in der Planung und Ausführung sowie kostenintensiv in der Umsetzung. Aus dieser Problemstellung heraus wurde ein laborgestütztes Validierungssystem entwickelt, welches aus einem mehrkanaligen Hochfrequenz-(HF)-Systemteil für die GNSS-Signale [1] sowie einem modularen Niederfrequenz-(NF)-Systemteil für die übrigen Multisensorsignale besteht. Weiterhin dient ein angebundener schrittmotorgesteuerter Drehteller zur Generierung rotatorischer Inertialsignale. Der Beitrag behandelt als Schwerpunkt die technischen Herausforderungen sowie das Konzept und die Umsetzung des mobilen NI PXI-gestützten Messsystems. Darüber hinaus werden im Beitrag Messfahrten zur Bewertung dieses Versuchssystems präsentiert

Uncovering the trimethylamine-producing bacteria of the human gut microbiota.

Trimethylamine (TMA), produced by the gut microbiota from dietary quaternary amines (mainly choline and carnitine), is associated with atherosclerosis and severe cardiovascular disease. Currently, little information on the composition of TMA producers in the gut is available due to their low abundance and the requirement of specific functional-based detection methods as many taxa show disparate abilities to produce that compound

Modelování přechodných dějů na kabelech a motorech při napájení z frekvenčních měničů

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta elektrotechniky a informatiky. Katedra (453) elektrických strojů a přístroj