Development of interspecific hybrids between three American yam bean species (Pachyrhizus spp.).

American yam bean (Pachyrhizus Richard ex DC.), a neotropical legume, is cultivated in Latin America and Asia for its edible and crunchy storage roots. Because of their low dry matter content and 'fruity' nature, roots are usually consumed raw. In order to increase root dry matter content and promote a wider use of American yam beans for food and starch processing interspecific crosses were made between P. tuberosus (Chuin) germplasm originating from the Peruvian Amazon and two other domesticated yam bean species: P. ahipa native to the Andean highlands and P. erosus originating from Central America. While the 'Chuin' type is characterized by high storage root dry matter content, P. erosus is high yielding and drought tolerant and P. ahipa performs well in high altitudes. The breeding experiment was designed as a completely diallelic cross between three P.ahipa and three P. tuberosus accessions and between three P. erosus und three P. tuberosus accessions. Nine P. ahipa x P. tuberosus (Chuin) F1 cross populations as well as 9 P. erosus x P. tuberosus (Chuin) F1 cross populations were developed. Hybridity of interspecific progenies was confirmed by morphological and agronomical evaluation and multivariate statistical analysis. Hybrid plants were generally fertile and vigorous. The resulting 18 F1 interspecific and 12 F1 intraspecific cross populations are used to generate a large number of F2 lines that serve to select genotypes with high dry matter and high starch content as well as good adaptation to a broad range of environmental conditions

Katalaseaktivitätsbestimmung im Blut

Peer Reviewe

Perceptions and understanding of research situations as a function of consent form characteristics and experimenter instructions

Two studies examined how research methodology affected participant behaviors. Study 1 tested (a) consent form perspective (1st, 2nd, or 3rd person) and (b) information on participants’ right to sue upon perceptions of coercion, ability to recall consent information, and performance on experimental tasks. Unexpectedly, participants who received instructions without the right to sue information had significantly better recall of their research rights. Study 2 manipulated (a) consent form complexity (presence or absence of jargon) and (b) the detail of verbal instructions (simple, elaborate); participants who received a consent form with simpler language spent more time on a difficult task, and participants in the elaborate instruction condition recalled more details. Together, these studies suggest (a) explaining the right to sue may actually be counterproductive; (b) providing a more detailed explanation may help participants remember procedural details; and (c) using jargon may decrease task performance

Sex Differences in Jealousy in Response to Actual Infidelity

The present studies address two criticisms of the theory of evolved sex differences in jealousy: (a) that the sex difference in jealousy emerges only in response to hypothetical infidelity scenarios, and (b) that the sex difference emerges only using forced-choice measures. In two separate studies, one a paper-and-pencil survey with a student sample and the other a web-based survey targeting a non-student sample, men and women showed significant sex differences in jealousy in response to actual infidelity experiences; men experienced more jealousy in response to the sexual aspects of an actual infidelity, whereas women experienced more jealousy in response to the emotional aspects of the infidelity. Sex differences emerged using both continuous measures of jealousy as well as the traditional forced-choice measure. Overall, our results demonstrate that sex differences in jealousy are not limited to responses to hypothetical infidelity scenarios; they also emerge in response to actual infidelity experiences

Kink far below the Fermi level reveals new electron-magnon scattering channel in Fe

Many properties of real materials can be modeled using ab initio methods within a single-particle picture. However, for an accurate theoretical treatment of excited states, it is necessary to describe electron-electron correlations including interactions with bosons: phonons, plasmons, or magnons. In this work, by comparing spin- and momentum-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements to many-body calculations carried out with a newly developed first-principles method, we show that a kink in the electronic band dispersion of a ferromagnetic material can occur at much deeper binding energies than expected (E_b=1.5 eV). We demonstrate that the observed spectral signature reflects the formation of a many-body state that includes a photohole bound to a coherent superposition of renormalized spin-flip excitations. The existence of such a many-body state sheds new light on the physics of the electron-magnon interaction which is essential in fields such as spintronics and Fe-based superconductivity.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Uma proposta de avaliação de desempenho para os sistemas de transporte rodoviário interurbano de passageiros

O transporte rodoviário interurbano de passageiros é caracterizado pelo deslocamento de pessoas, por rodovia, entre duas cidades e/ou núcleos urbanos. Em virtude da sua alta expressividade perante o transporte de passageiros no Brasil, e de uma preocupação com a adequabilidade e aumento da qualidade do serviço oferecido, esse trabalho procurou desenvolver um Sistema de Avaliação de Desempenho Operacional dos prestadores do serviço de transporte rodoviário interurbano de passageiros. Faz-se importante que essa avaliação seja voltada para resultados referentes à prestação de um serviço adequado e mantenha-se como um processo constante. A avaliação pode resultar em penalizações ou incentivos aos operadores, induzindo-os a um aprimoramento do seu serviço. Esse método é capaz de auxiliar órgãos reguladores e gestores no acompanhamento e controle do Transporte Rodoviário Interurbano de Passageiros – TRIP, seja este intermunicipal ou interestadual. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe Interurban Land Passenger Transportation is characterized by the displacement of people by road, between two cities and / or urban areas. Because of its high expressiveness at the passenger transport in Brazil, and a concern about the appropriateness and quality of service, this work sought to develop a System of Operational Performance Evaluation of the service providers. It is important that this assessment is geared to results concerning the provision of an adequate service and keep it as a constant. The assessment may result in penalties or incentives to operators, inducing them to improve its´ service. This method is able to assist regulators and managers in monitoring and control of the Interurban Land Passenger Transport, being it intercity or interstate

Signal modeling of high-purity Ge detectors with a small read-out electrode and application to neutrinoless double beta decay search in Ge-76

The GERDA experiment searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge-76 using high-purity germanium detectors enriched in Ge-76. The analysis of the signal time structure provides a powerful tool to identify neutrinoless double beta decay events and to discriminate them from gamma-ray induced backgrounds. Enhanced pulse shape discrimination capabilities of "Broad Energy Germanium" detectors with a small read-out electrode have been recently reported. This paper describes the full simulation of the response of such a detector, including the Monte Carlo modeling of radiation interaction and subsequent signal shape calculation. A pulse shape discrimination method based on the ratio between the maximum current signal amplitude and the event energy applied to the simulated data shows quantitative agreement with the experimental data acquired with calibration sources. The simulation has been used to study the survival probabilities of the decays which occur inside the detector volume and are difficult to assess experimentally. Such internal decay events are produced by the cosmogenic radio-isotopes Ge-68 and Co-60 and the neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge-76. Fixing the experimental acceptance of the double escape peak of the 2.614 MeV photon to 90%, the estimated survival probabilities at Qbb = 2.039 MeV are (86+-3)% for Ge-76 neutrinoless double beta decays, (4.5+-0.3)% for the Ge-68 daughter Ga-68, and (0.9+0.4-0.2)% for Co-60 decays.Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures. v2: fixed typos and references. Submitted to JINS