Transcriptional repression of the glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit gene by androgen may involve direct binding of androgen receptor to the proximal promoter.

Testicular androgens suppress the synthesis and secretion of the pituitary gonadotropins, in particular, luteinizing hormone. This suppressive effect includes transcription of both the common a subunit gene and the unique β subunit genes. Herein, we demonstrate that 1600 base pairs (bp) of proximal 5'-flanking region derived from the human α subunit gene and a shorter 315-bp segment of the bovine α subunit gene confer negative regulation by androgen to the gene encoding bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in transgenic mice.Testicular androgens suppress the synthesis and secretion of the pituitary gonadotropins, in particular, luteinizing hormone. This suppressive effect includes transcription of both the common a subunit gene and the unique β subunit genes. Herein, we demonstrate that 1600 base pairs (bp) of proximal 5'-flanking region derived from the human α subunit gene and a shorter 315-bp segment of the bovine α subunit gene confer negative regulation by androgen to the gene encoding bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in transgenic mice

Cloud Properties of CERES-MODIS Edition 4 and CERES-VIIRS Edition 1

The Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) analyzes MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) to derive cloud properties that are combine with aerosol and CERES broadband flux data to create a multi-parameter data set for climate study. CERES has produced over 15 years of data from Terra and over 13 years of data from Aqua using the CERES-MODIS Edition-2 cloud retrieval algorithm. A recently revised algorithm, CERESMODIS Edition 4, has been developed and is now generating enhanced cloud data for climate research (over 10 years for Terra and 8 years for Aqua). New multispectral retrievals of properties are included along with a multilayer cloud retrieval system. Cloud microphysical properties are reported at 3 wavelengths, 0.65, 1.24, and 2.1 microns to enable better estimates of the vertical profiles of cloud water contents. Cloud properties over snow are retrieved using the 1.24-micron channel. A new CERES-VIIRS cloud retrieval package was developed for the VIIRS spectral complement and is currently producing the CERES-VIIRS Edition 1 cloud dataset. The results from CERES-MODIS Edition 4 and CERES-VIIRS Edition 1 are presented and compared with each other and other datasets, including CALIPSO, CloudSat and the CERES-MODIS Edition-2 results

Un seminario dispositivos la humanización del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) en debate

O artigo discute o processo de construção do seminário "Humanização do SUS em Debate" indicando sua conexão com os desafios atuais do SUS e com as proposições da Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH). Apresenta os princípios e diretrizes da Política Nacional de Humanização do SUS e seu processo de construção, discutindo os diversos sentidos do termo humanização. Ao final é indicada a aposta metodológica do seminário que se destinou a promover um amplo debate sobre a humanização do SUS, por meio de rodas de conversação que objetivavam a interface com profissionais que atuam na formação dos trabalhadores do SUS, responsáveis pela produção de conhecimento na área da saúde e pela formação dos acadêmicos neste campo.ABSTRACT This paper discusses the process of constructing the seminar "SUS Humanization under Discussion" and demonstrates its connection with the current challenges of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and with the propositions of the National Humanization Policy (PNH). It presents the principles and guidelines of the PNH for SUS and its construction process, and discusses the different meanings of the term "humanization". It concludes by indicating the methodological stakes of the seminar, which aimed to promote a wide debate about the humanization of SUS by means of circles of conversation. These had the objective of forming an interface with professionals who are engaged in training workers for SUS and who are responsible for producing knowledge in the field of healthcare and for training students in this field.RESUMEN El artículo discute el proceso de construcción del Seminario "Humanización del SUS en Debate" indicando su conexión con los desafíos actuales del SUS y con las proposiciones de la Política Nacional de Humanización (PNH). Presenta los principios y directrices de la Política Nacional de Humanización del SUS (PNH) y su proceso de construcción, discutiendo los diferentes sentidos del término humanización. Se indica por fin la apuesta metodológica del seminario que trató de promover un amplio debate sobre la Humanización del SUS por medio de conversaciones conjuntas que objetivaron la interfaz con profesionales que actúan en la formación de los trabajadores del SUS, responsables por la producción de conocimiento en el área de la salud y por la formación de los académicos en este campo

Cidades e políticas públicas

Resumo O artigo apresenta o tema da cidade no contemporâneo e objetiva discutir e analisar a importância da produção de políticas públicas e, portanto, implicadas com a participação social na elaboração, execução e monitoramento dos espaços urbanos. Afirma a diferença entre estas e as políticas de governo voltadas para conter as insatisfações e tensões urbanas. Destaca também questões e problemas urbanos emergentes na atualidade, tais como a violência, a superpopulação, a escassez de moradias, insistindo no direito à cidade, na produção coletiva de modos de vida e no questionamento dos modos de governamentalização da vida que estão na cena urbana

A Synthesis of Read-Aloud Interventions on Early Reading Outcomes Among Preschool Through Third Graders at Risk for Reading Difficulties

A synthesis and meta-analysis of the extant research on the effects of storybook read-aloud interventions for children at risk for reading difficulties ages 3 to 8 is provided. A total of 29 studies met criteria for the synthesis, with 18 studies providing sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Read-aloud instruction has been examined using dialogic reading; repeated reading of stories; story reading with limited questioning before, during, and/or after reading; computer-assisted story reading; and story reading with extended vocabulary activities. Significant, positive effects on children’s language, phonological awareness, print concepts, comprehension, and vocabulary outcomes were found. Despite the positive effects for read-aloud interventions, only a small amount of outcome variance was accounted for by intervention type