Bog bilberry phenolics, antioxidant capacity and nutrient profile

GRUZ, Jiri/0000-0002-8546-9697; Gruz, Jiri/0000-0002-8546-9697; Hermosin-Gutierrez, I./0000-0003-2343-5157; Strnad, Miroslav/0000-0002-2806-794XWOS: 000369494300047PubMed: 26868586Phenolics and nutrient profiles of bog bilberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) collected from high mountain pastures in northeast Anatolia (Turkey) were examined for the first time in this study. The major soluble sugar identified in the berry was fructose, following by glucose, and the main organic acid identified was citric acid, followed by malic acid. Eleven phenolic acids and 17 anthocyanin 3-glycosides were identified and quantified. Caffeic acid in the free and glycoside forms and syringic acid in the ester form were the major phenolic acids, and the major individual anthocyanin present in the berry was malvidin 3-glucoside (24%). The highest total phenolics and anthocyanin contents were obtained from the anthocyanin fraction in conjunction with the highest antioxidant capacity, followed by the polyphenolic and aqueous fractions, FRAP, ORAC and DPPH, in that order. Our findings can be used to compare bog bilberry with other Vaccinium berries and to help clarify the relative potential health benefits of different berries. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University (KTU-BAP Project)Karadeniz Teknik University [2005.111.004.02]; Council of Higher Education of Turkey (CoHE)Ministry of National Education - Turkey; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech RepublicMinistry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic [LO1204, LK21306]; Czech Science FoundationGrant Agency of the Czech Republic [GA14-34792S]Financial support for this study was provided by the Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University (KTU-BAP Project No: 2005.111.004.02). The author Faik Ahmet AYAZ also greatly appreciates the support given by the Council of Higher Education of Turkey (CoHE). J.G. acknowledges the support of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LO1204 and LK21306) and the Czech Science Foundation (GA14-34792S)