2,640 research outputs found
Differences in client and therapist views of the working alliance in drug treatment
Background - There is growing evidence that the therapeutic alliance is one of the most consistent predictors of retention and outcomes in drug treatment. Recent psychotherapy research has indicated that there is a lack of agreement between client, therapist and observer ratings of the therapeutic alliance; however, the clinical implications of this lack of consensus have not been explored.
Aims - The aims of the study are to (1) explore the extent to which, in drug treatment, clients and counsellors agree in their perceptions of their alliance, and (2) investigate whether the degree of disagreement between clients and counsellors is related to retention in treatment.
Methods - The study recruited 187 clients starting residential rehabilitation treatment for drug misuse in three UK services. Client and counsellor ratings of the therapeutic alliance (using the WAI-S) were obtained during weeks 1-12. Retention was in this study defined as remaining in treatment for at least 12 weeks.
Results - Client and counsellor ratings of the alliance were only weakly related (correlations ranging from r = 0.07 to 0.42) and tended to become more dissimilar over the first 12 weeks in treatment. However, whether or not clients and counsellors agreed on the quality of their relationship did not influence whether clients were retained in treatment.
Conclusions - The low consensus between client and counsellor views of the alliance found in this and other studies highlights the need for drug counsellors to attend closely to their clients' perceptions of the alliance and to seek regular feedback from clients regarding their feelings about their therapeutic relationship
The quantum algebra of superspace
We present the complete set of , quantum algebras associated to
massive superparticles. We obtain the explicit solution of these algebras
realized in terms of unconstrained operators acting on the Hilbert space of
superfields. These solutions are expressed using the chiral, anti-chiral and
tensorial projectors which define the three irreducible representations of the
supersymmetry on the superfields. In each case the space-time variables are
non-commuting and their commutators are proportional to the internal angular
momentum of the representation. The quantum algebra associated to the chiral or
the anti-chiral projector is the one obtained by the quantization of the
Casalbuoni-Brink-Schwarz (superspin 0) massive superparticle. We present a new
superparticle action for the (superspin 1/2) case and show that their wave
functions are the ones associated to the irreducible tensor multiplet.Comment: 20 pages;changes in the nomenclatur
Permutation combinatorics of worldsheet moduli space
52 pages, 21 figures52 pages, 21 figures; minor corrections, "On the" dropped from title, matches published version52 pages, 21 figures; minor corrections, "On the" dropped from title, matches published versio
An infinite genus mapping class group and stable cohomology
We exhibit a finitely generated group \M whose rational homology is
isomorphic to the rational stable homology of the mapping class group. It is
defined as a mapping class group associated to a surface \su of infinite
genus, and contains all the pure mapping class groups of compact surfaces of
genus with boundary components, for any and . We
construct a representation of \M into the restricted symplectic group of the real Hilbert space generated by the homology
classes of non-separating circles on \su, which generalizes the classical
symplectic representation of the mapping class groups. Moreover, we show that
the first universal Chern class in H^2(\M,\Z) is the pull-back of the
Pressley-Segal class on the restricted linear group
via the inclusion .Comment: 14p., 8 figures, to appear in Commun.Math.Phy
Technical Note: Molecular characterization of aerosol-derived water soluble organic carbon using ultrahigh resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Despite the acknowledged relevance of aerosol-derived water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) to climate and biogeochemical cycling, characterization of aerosol WSOC has been limited. Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) was utilized in this study to provide detailed molecular level characterization of the high molecular weight (HMW; m/z>223) component of aerosol-derived WSOC collected from rural sites in Virginia and New York, USA. More than 3000 peaks were detected by ESI FT-ICR MS within a m/z range of 223â600 for each sample. Approximately 86% (Virginia) and 78% (New York) of these peaks were assigned molecular formulas using only carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) as elemental constituents. H/C and O/C molar ratios were plotted on van Krevelen diagrams and indicated a strong contribution of lignin-like and lipid-like compounds to the aerosol-derived WSOC samples. Approximately 1â4% of the peaks in the aerosol-derived WSOC mass spectra were classified as black carbon (BC) on the basis of double bond equivalents calculated from the assigned molecular formulas. In addition, several high-magnitude peaks in the mass spectra of samples from both sites corresponded to molecular formulas proposed in previous secondary organic aerosol (SOA) laboratory investigations indicating that SOAs are important constituents of the WSOC. Overall, ESI FT-ICR MS provides a level of resolution adequate for detailed compositional and source information of the HMW constituents of aerosol-derived WSOC
Solid-state photochemistry of molecular photo-switchable species:the role of photocrystallographic techniques
Over the last 30 years, the single-crystal photocrystallographic technique has been developed to determine the three-dimensional crystal and molÂecular structures of metastable species which have been generated in the crystal photochemically. Transition-metal complexes that have been investigated using this methodology include complexes that contain nitrosyl, diÂnitroÂgen, sulfur dioxide and nitrite ligands, all of which form new linkage isomers in the solid state when photoactivated by light of the appropriate wavelength. Both steric and electronic factors determine the level of the conversion from the ground-state structure to the metastable isomeric structure, and both the `reaction cavity' size and the nature of the interÂmolecular interÂactions are shown to be among the key factors that influence the percentage conversion
Bubble divergences: sorting out topology from cell structure
We conclude our analysis of bubble divergences in the flat spinfoam model. In
[arXiv:1008.1476] we showed that the divergence degree of an arbitrary
two-complex Gamma can be evaluated exactly by means of twisted cohomology.
Here, we specialize this result to the case where Gamma is the two-skeleton of
the cell decomposition of a pseudomanifold, and sharpen it with a careful
analysis of the cellular and topological structures involved. Moreover, we
explain in detail how this approach reproduces all the previous powercounting
results for the Boulatov-Ooguri (colored) tensor models, and sheds light on
algebraic-topological aspects of Gurau's 1/N expansion.Comment: 19 page
Microscopic Current Dynamics in Nanoscale Junctions
So far transport properties of nanoscale contacts have been mostly studied
within the static scattering approach. The electron dynamics and the transient
behavior of current flow, however, remain poorly understood. We present a
numerical study of microscopic current flow dynamics in nanoscale quantum point
contacts. We employ an approach that combines a microcanonical picture of
transport with time-dependent density-functional theory. We carry out atomic
and jellium model calculations to show that the time evolution of the current
flow exhibits several noteworthy features, such as nonlaminarity and edge flow.
We attribute these features to the interaction of the electron fluid with the
ionic lattice, to the existence of pressure gradients in the fluid, and to the
transient dynamical formation of surface charges at the nanocontact-electrode
interfaces. Our results suggest that quantum transport systems exhibit
hydrodynamical characteristics which resemble those of a classical liquid.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
EarthâMoonâMars Radiation Environment Module framework
[1] We are preparing to return humans to the Moon and setting the stage for exploration to Mars and beyond. However, it is unclear if long missions outside of low-Earth orbit can be accomplished with acceptable risk. The central objective of a new modeling project, the Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Exposure Module (EMMREM), is to develop and validate a numerical module for characterizing time-dependent radiation exposure in the Earth-Moon-Mars and interplanetary space environments. EMMREM is being designed for broad use by researchers to predict radiation exposure by integrating over almost any incident particle distribution from interplanetary space. We detail here the overall structure of the EMMREM module and study the dose histories of the 2003 Halloween storm event and a June 2004 event. We show both the event histories measured at 1 AU and the evolution of these events at observer locations beyond 1 AU. The results are compared to observations at Ulysses. The model allows us to predict how the radiation environment evolves with radial distance from the Sun. The model comparison also suggests areas in which our understanding of the physics of particle propagation and energization needs to be improved to better forecast the radiation environment. Thus, we introduce the suite of EMMREM tools, which will be used to improve risk assessment models so that future human exploration missions can be adequately planned for
Topics on the geometry of D-brane charges and Ramond-Ramond fields
In this paper we discuss some topics on the geometry of type II superstring
backgrounds with D-branes, in particular on the geometrical meaning of the
D-brane charge, the Ramond-Ramond fields and the Wess-Zumino action. We see
that, depending on the behaviour of the D-brane on the four non-compact
space-time directions, we need different notions of homology and cohomology to
discuss the associated fields and charge: we give a mathematical definition of
such notions and show their physical applications. We then discuss the problem
of corretly defining Wess-Zumino action using the theory of p-gerbes. Finally,
we recall the so-called *-problem and make some brief remarks about it.Comment: 29 pages, no figure
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