On approximate methods for fractal vehicular traffic flow

In this paper, we find the approximate solutions for partial differential equations arising in fractal vehicular traffic flow by using the local fractional Laplace decomposition method (LFLDM) and local fractional series expansion method (LFSEM). These methods provide us with a convenient way to find the approximate solution with less computation as compared with local fractional variational iteration method. The results obtained by the proposed methods (LFLDM) and (LFSEM) are compared with the results obtained by (LFLVIM). Some examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods.Publisher's Versio

A new approach to find approximate solutions of Burger’s and coupled Burger’s equations of fractional order

The paper presents a new technique called homotopy perturbation Sumudu transform Method (HPSTM), which is a combination of the Sumudu transform (ST) and homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for solving the fractional Burger’s and coupled fractional Burger’s equations with time fractional derivative operators. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The method in general is easy to implement and yields good results. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the new technique. The approximate solutions obtained are compared with the results obtained by variational iteration method (VIM) and homotopy perturbation method (HPM).Publisher's Versio

Identification of Pathogens Associated With Mango Dieback Disease on Mango in the United Arab Emirates

Dieback caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae is an important disease on mango plantations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, 53 actinobacterial isolates were obtained from mango rhizosphere soil in the UAE, of which 35 (66%) were classified as streptomycetes (SA) and 18 (34%) as non-streptomycetes (NSA). Among these isolates, 19 (12 SA and 7 NSA) showed antagonistic activities against L. theobromae associated with either the production of diffusible antifungal metabolites, extracellular cell-wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs), or both. Using a “novel” mango fruit bioassay, all isolates were screened in vivo for their abilities to reduce lesion severity on fruits inoculated with L. theobromae. Three isolates, two belonging to Streptomyces and one to Micromonospora spp., showed the strongest inhibitory effect against this pathogen in vitro and were therefore selected for tests on mango seedlings. Our results revealed that the antifungal action of S. samsunensis UAE1 was related to antibiosis and the production of CWDEs (i.e., chitinase) and siderophores; whilst Scavourensis UAE1 and M. tulbaghiae UAE1 were considered to be associated with antibiotic- and CWDE-production, respectively. Pre-inoculation in greenhouse experiments with the most promising actinobacterial isolates resulted in very high levels of disease protection in mango seedlings subsequently inoculated with the pathogen. This was evident by the dramatic reduction in the estimated disease severity indices of the mango dieback of individual biocontrol agent (BCA) applications compared with the pathogen alone, confirming their potential in the management of mango dieback disease. L. theobromae-infected mango seedlings treated with S. samsunensis showed a significantly reduced number of defoliated leaves and conidia counts of L. theobromae by 2- and 4-fold, respectively, in comparison to the other two BCA applications. This indicates that the synergistic antifungal effects of S. samsunensis using multiple modes of action retarded the in planta invasion of L. theobromae. This is the first report of BCA effects against L. Theobromae on mango seedlings by microbial antagonists. It is also the first report of actinobacteria naturally existing in the soils of the UAE or elsewhere that show the ability to suppress the mango dieback disease

Effects of LoD and PoD in combined-hole film cooling

Film cooling technique was used to provide thermal protection for turbine components from the hot combustion gases. Combined-hole film cooling system was introduced as a way to improve the film cooling performances. In the present work, a batch of simulations using combined-hole unit involving two round hole of film cooling with opposite compound-angle were carried out. The aim is to determine the arrangement of combined-hole which will produces highest film cooling effectiveness. The influence of geometrical and flow parameters; distance between two holes in mainstream direction, LoD, distance between two holes in lateral direction, PoD and blowing ratio, M were considered in the present study. The present study had been carried out using steady state Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) analysis of ANSYS CFX, at Reynolds number, Re = 4200 and blowing ratios, M = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. Nine different computational models with combination of three different values of PoD and LoD have been considered. The results shows that as the PoD and M increase, the lateral coverage of film cooling also increases, while increase on LoD shows minimal impact on the spread of the coolant downstream of the cooling hole. However, the increase of PoD and M also resulting drastic decrease of film cooling effectiveness downstream of the cooling hole as a result of the lift-off phenomena. Weak interaction between the two jets along the mainstream direction cause separation and lift-off of the coolant at further downstream. In addition to laterally average film cooling effectiveness, the results of area average film cooling effectiveness were also presented to determine the optimal arrangement of combined-hole. Overall, the combined hole film cooling provide better thermal protection in comparison with the single hole configuration

SOLVING BURGER’S AND COUPLED BURGER’S EQUATIONS WITH CAPUTO-FABRIZIO FRACTIONAL OPERATOR

In this paper, we apply Daftardar-Jafari method (DJM) to obtain approximate solutions of the nonlinear Burgers (NBE) and coupled nonlinear Burger’s equations (CNBEs) with Caputo-Fabrizio fractional operator (CFFO). The efficiency of the considered method is illustrated by some examples. Graphical results are utilized and discussed quantitatively to illustrate the solution. The results reveal that the suggested algorithm is very effective and simple and can be applied for other problems in sciences and engineering

A SIMULATION APPROACH TO MODEL THE RESONANT FREQUENCIES AND THE RADIATION Q-FACTORS FOR A CYLINDRICAL DIELECTRIC RESONATOR ANTENNA

Modeling is the foundation to design the dielectric resonator antenna by following our own specifications. Since it is very important, this project will discover the modeling of the resonant frequency and the radiation Q factor for a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna. There are two types coupling that will be implemented in this project which microstrip line coupling and coplanar waveguide coupling. As for microstrip line coupling, the material of Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) been use is carbon and for coplanar waveguide coupling is CCTO (CaCu3Ti4O12). A thin layer of metal will be placed on the top of CDRA for both coupling. The designing process accomplished by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Agilent software will be involved in the analysis stage. The modeling process involved by using the result of the return loss of the simulation. Microsoft Excel will be used to record and plot the data of the return loss. By using the plotted graph, the curve fitting method will be used to generate the general equation of polynomial expression. Based on the polynomial expression, the value of the parameters will be altered in order to obtain the model that as close as the result of the simulated return loss. The 6th order polynomial has been chosen to be the model since it produces very accurate result

Design and Simulation of Modular Multilevel Converter Fed Induction Motor Drive

Traditional modular multilevel converter (MMC) applications in medium voltage induction motor drive are difficult, particularly at low speeds because of the higher magnitude of the voltage ripple of the sub-module capacitor. This paper uses a hybrid MMC, particularly at low frequencies, to achieve a lower peak-to-peak voltage ripple of the sub-module capacitor. The vector control strategy with the closed-loop speed control indicates an accurate and wide-speed range. MATLAB / Simulink is used to simulate and obtain the simulation results of hybrid and traditional MMC with induction motor drive and compare from the standpoint of capacitor voltage ripple. The results are shown the reduction of peak-to-peak voltage ripple of the sub-module capacitor as the hybrid MMC is operated