Bent silicon crystals for the LHC collimation: Studies with an ultrarelativistic proton beam

LHC is a source of new challenges in every HEP field; among these, the beam collimation requires an innovative approach. The H8RD22 collaboration is undertaking an intense study of bent crystal properties with the goal of using crystals as primary collimators. The thesis gives an introduction to the theory of channeling and its related phenomena in bent crystals explaining how these can be used to perform an efficient beam collimation. The pre-thesis experiments are described to introduce the scientific context in which the H8RD22 collaboration is working. The thesis core is the description of two beam tests held in Sept. 2006 and May 2007 on the CERN SPS H8 beamline with 400 GeV/c protons: the experimental setups and procedures are shown together with the analysis of the collected data. With the observation of the volume reflection for the first time at these energies and the use of multi crystal systems, these experiments are a clear indication that crystal collimation is a real possibility for the second phase of LHC

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Kimia Larutan Pada Semester 2 Jurusan Pmipa Fkip Unbari Jambi

Development of teaching materials Chemical solution with contextual learning for FKIP UNBARI Jambi PMIPA department is based on the fact the unavailability of teaching materials especially those that have spesipikasi with contextual learning. This development aims to produce teaching materials Chemical solution with contextual learning for PMIPA department FKIP UNBARI Jambi as grip material faculty and students. Where the research performed at the Department of Guidance and Counseling PMIPA UNBARI Jambi. Product validation teaching materials in this study is a matter experts and instructional media experts, field trials .uji student groups. Teaching materials development activities carried out four (4) phases, (1) the preliminary stage, (2) the stage of development, (3) the stage of preparation of teaching materials products, (4) the stage of expert validation and testing stage products of small groups and large groups. Results of expert validation and expert validation meteri media only give suggestions for the improvement of teaching materials chemical solution. Teaching materials that have been tested in this final group of small and large groups. Results of testing the effectiveness of teaching materials components were analyzed using percentages show good results with an average value of 85.32% dan79,19%. Based on trial results, we can conclude that the solution chemistry teaching materials developed can be used in basic chemistry lectures on the subject of chemical solution

Penerapan Pembelajaran Model Student Teams Achivement Division (STAD) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Dan Aktivitas Siswa Kelas VII Pada Konsep Ekosistem Di SMP Negeri 6 Bibinoi

Pembelajaran IPA di SMP pada umumnya masih didominasi oleh aktifitas guru. Kelas berfokus pada guru sebagai sumber utama pengetahuan dan berpegang pada buku paket saja. Kegiatan pembelajaran kurang memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk berinteraksi dengan benda-benda konkrit dalam situasi yang nyata. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut di atas diperlukan suatu pendekatan yaitu menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran kooperatif dengan model Student Teams Achivement Division.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini Untuk mengetahui hasil belajar Biologi siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 Bibinoi Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan, dengan penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif dengan model Student Teams Achivement Division (STAD)Hasil belajar siswa SMP Negeri 6 Bibinoi Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan, pada materi Menentukan ekosistem dan saling hubungan antara komponen ekosistem. Pada siklus I siswa yang mengikuti tes terdapat sebanyak 5 siswa yang tuntas,siswa tersebut dikatakan tuntas karena hasil tes yang diperoleh telah mencapai nilai KKM. Siswa yang dikategorikan tidak tuntas sebanyak 15 siswa, karena hasil tes yang diperoleh belum mencapai nilai KKM. Dengan ketuntasan secara klasikal pada tes silus I adalah 25%, Sedangkan pada siklus II dengan materi Mengindentifi-kasikan pentingnya keanekaragaman makhluk hidup dalam pelestarian ekosistem, telah mengalami peningkatan yaitu siswa yang dikategorikan tuntas sebanyak 20 siswa atau 100% , siswa yang dikategorikan tuntas. Dengan demikian model pembelajaran Student Teams Achivement Division dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 Bibinoi Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan, materi Ekosistem Kata Kunci: Penerapan Pembelajaran Model Student Teams Achivement Division (STAD

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT MAHASISWA BERINVESTASI DI GALERI INVESTASI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MAKASSAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor pribadi, faktor psikologi dan faktor sosial terhadap minat mahasiswa dalam berinvestasi di Galeri Investasi Universitas Negeri Makassar. Objek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang terdaftar sebagai anggota di galeri investasi Universitas Negeri Makassar. Populasi penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 86 mahasiswa yang terdaftar sebagai anggota di galeri investasi Universitas Negeri Makassar. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 46 orang mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear melalui program SPSS 24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor individu, faktor psikologis dan faktor sosial secara simultan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat mahasiswa berinvestasi, sedangkan secara persial hanya faktor psikologis yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat mahasiswa berinvestasi di Galeri Investasi Universitas Negeri Makassar. Kata Kunci: Minat, Investasi, faktor individu, faktor psikologis, faktor sosia

Effect of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extracts And Honey Suplementation For Performance Physical Fitness Atlit Pplp

Abstract: Moringa leaf extract-containing compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids and phenols which is an antioxidant components as free radical scavengers and Honey contains compounds which components of the antioxidant polyphenols, flavonoids and phenols. The antioxidant activity as a substance that can inhibit or slow down the process of oxidation and antioxidants that play a role in preventing and inhibiting electron leakage, oxidative damage in muscle tissue, liver, blood, and can be exhausting mitochondria which is the center of power production that have an impact on athletes who underwent sports routine. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of giving a natural antioxidant supplement (+ Moringa leaf extract honey) on physical performance in athletes PPLP Fitness in Makassar

Jenis Kupu-kupu Pengunjung Bunga Mussaenda dan Asoka di Kawasan Cagar Alam Gunung Sibela Pulau Bacan

Musaenda dan Asoka merupakan salah satu tanaman hostplant dan sekaligus foodplant bagi kupu-kupu di Gunung Sibela. Hostplant adalah tumbuhan inang yang menjadi makanan larva dan foodplant adalah tumbuhan yang menjadi makanan kupu-kupu dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kupu-kupu yang mengunjungi tanaman mussaenda dan asoka di kawasan cagar alam gunung Sibela pulau Bacan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah direct sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lokasi dataran rendah (20 mdpl) ditemukan 10 spesies kupu-kupu pengunjung tanaman mussaenda dan asoka, 5 genus, 2 famili. Kupu-kupu pengunjung tanaman mussaenda di dataran rendah yaitu: Ornithopthera croesus, Papilio ulysses, Papilio deiphobus, Papilio lorquinianus gelia, Troides hypolitus, Troides criton, Graphium milon, Graphium codrus dan Hebomoia glaucippe sulphure. Kupu-kupu pengunjung tanaman asoka di dataran rendah yaitu: Ornithopthera croesus, Papilio ulysses, Papilio fuscus lapathus dan Troides hypolitus. Pada lokasi dataran tinggi (400 mdpl) ditemukan 9 spesies kupu-kupu pengunjung tanaman mussaenda dan asoka, 5 genus, 2 famili. Kupu-kupu pengunjung tanaman mussaenda di dataran tinggi yaitu: Ornithopthera croesus, Papilio ulysses, Papilio deiphobus, Papilio lorquinianus gelia, Troides hypolitus, Troides criton, Graphium milon, dan Hebomoia glaucippe sulphurea, sedangkan kupu-kupu pengunjung tanaman asoka di dataran tinggi yaitu: Papilio ulysses, Papilio fuscus lapathus dan Troides hypolitus

Application of region growing segmentation method for mangrove zonation at Pulau Kukup, Johor

The anticipated impact of Sea Level Rise (SLR) for the next century has been studied for the past long years. Prolonged submergence and changes in tidal inundation frequency changed the intertidal community landscape including the mangroves zonation pattern. This study aims to identify the mangrove species distribution at Pulau Kukup, Johor using a high resolution, Worldview-2 satellite data. Mangrove extent was extracted from multispectral and panchromatic images using region growing segmentation method. Several thresholds were used to identify the best-fit segmentation parameters. Eleven plots of 100m transects were established in the study area to sample the representative mangrove trees. The type of mangrove species, tree height, Diameter at the Breast Height (DBH), elevation, coordinate location and the sediment sample were collected during the field survey based on Point-Centre-Quadrate Method (PCQM). The general characteristics of mangrove tree were investigated and sampled from 186 mangrove trees. Rhizophoraapiculata and R.mucronata were found dominating the outer part of the mangrove island facing the seaward area. From the field analyses, the relative density of Rhizophoraapiculata and R.mucronataare 41.9% and 16.7% respectively. The mangrove characteristic and coordinate locations were then mapped out and used as a reference point for training processes. The image classification is determined based on Bhattacharyya method and the mangrove zonation pattern was mapped from the result

Experimental techniques for deflection and radiation studies with bent crystals

What happens when a high energy charged particle crosses an amorphous material? It loses energy by ionization and its trajectory is affected by the multiple Coulomb scattering, being these phenomena originated by uncorrelated collisions with the atoms. If the atoms of the target were distributed according to an ordered scheme, the uncorrelated collisions would turn into a coherent interaction with the whole atomic structure. This is the case of an aligned crystal that, depending on the orientation, is seen as a set of atomic planes or strings by the impinging particles. Planes and strings produce potential wells able to confine the charged particles in a transversal region of the crystal, in the so called channeling condition, so that, bending the crystal, particles are forced to follow the curvature, being deflected. This simple and powerful idea, dating 1979, is at the basis of many theoretical and experimental studies that have proven its effectiveness, described the possible applications and optimized the deflection performances. The contribution of this thesis locates itself in this field as an attempt to provide a picture of the experimental techniques and the analysis procedures developed to investigate bent crystals in the last years. In this period, bent crystal physics has witnessed a tremendous progress characterized by the increase of performances and the discovery of new phenomena. The driving forces of this process have been essentially three: bent crystals have been identified as a possible solution of the LHC collimation problem, bringing considerable resources to their research field; new bending techniques exploiting secondary deformations have been implemented and, finally, the single particle track reconstruction has become the core of the crystal testing procedures, making the measurements faster and more precise. This thesis is a bridge across two complementary fields, that is the experimental techniques applied in the crystal study and the description of the observed phenomena from the phenomenological point of view as well as from the microscopic theoretical one, resulting in a complete overview on the bent crystal physics. The bent crystals features are presented in the very beginning of the thesis, with the key elements of the research field described in the first chapter before going to an overview on the most important applications to show how bent crystals can be exploited in accelerator physics. The last section of the chapter focuses on the microscopic bent crystal behaviour to describe the physics behind the effects induced by the crystal on the charged particles crossing it. The second chapter describes the state of the art of the bent crystals characterization and test. The first section presents the experimental setup, from the inspiring concepts to the description of the single components and procedures. The setup basic idea is that the combination of a silicon microstrip tracking system with a multi-stage goniometer allows to measure the relative alignment between the beam and the crystal as well as the crystal deflection angle. The second section is dedicated to the analysis methods used to characterize the single crystal behaviour in terms of the channeling and the volume reflection phenomena. The described procedures are applied in a wide range of beam conditions from 13 GeV to 400 GeV of energy with positive and negative particles; all the data have been acquired at CERN on different beamlines during the past three years. The third chapter explores a different bent crystal aspect, that is the radiation emission. Coherent interaction with atoms, in fact, does not only mean deflection capabilities but also quasi-periodic trajectories that, in turn, produce an enhancement of the emitted electromagnetic radiation. The description of the theoretical bases of this phenomenon both in channeling and volume reflection is presented in the first section of the chapter, while the second one is dedicated to the setup and the results obtained with a 120 GeV/c positron beam. The last chapter goes back to the bent crystals deflection issue; going beyond channelling and volume reflection, it shows innovative bent crystals deflection schemes, developed in the last years in order to enhance the efficiency and the angular acceptance provided by channeling. This result can be achieved creating a sequence of aligned crystals to increase the deflection angle induced by volume reflection as shown in the first section or exploiting the interaction with a crystalline axis that, as described in the second section, originates new phenomena such as the multi volume reflection in one crystal (MVROC) and the axial channeling able to deflect both positive and negative particles with high efficiency

Seminar sejarah nasional V: subtema pengajaran sejarah

Buku ini merupakan kumpulan tulisan-tulisan dari Seminar sejarah nasional v dengan subtema pengajaran sejarah