Effort to Fulfill Female Convicts’ Rights to Health and Clothing at Sigli Class Iib Correctional Facility for Women

Article 14 Paragraph (1) letter d of Law Number 12 Year 1995 concerning Corrections. The right to health services and the right to adequate clothing are often neglected and have not been fully implemented properly. The purpose of this research is to find out and explain the fulfilment of the rights to health and clothing of female convicts at the Sigli Class IIB Correctional Facility for Women. This research method is an empirical juridical method by using a descriptive analysis approach. The results of the study showed that the fulfilment of the rights to health and clothing has not been implemented optimally pursuant to what is mandated by law, and Article 14 Paragraph (2) of Government Regulation Number 32 Year 1999 concerning Terms and Procedures for the Implementation of the Rights of Correctional Inmates. To ensure optimal health services, at least one doctor must be provided. However, in this case it is not yet available at the Sigli Class IIB Correctional Facility for Women. One of the efforts made by the correctional facility is to collaborate with the local government to check the health of correctional inmates at least 1 (one) time in 1 (one) month and it is recorded in a health card. As for clothing need, it has been given partly to female convicts, but has not been given in full due to the lack of budget given to the Sigli Correctional Facility for Women. The responsibility of the state is to finance the fulfilment of the rights that have been regulated in the law, for example in the provision of health and clothing rights in a Correctional Facility, the facility shall have at least a doctor, nurses, clinics and medicines sufficient to support health facility in the Correctional Facility or Detention Center

Experimental taxonomy of oxalis section acetosellae and maianthemum

The taxonomy distribution of Maianthemum Web. (liliaceae) and Oxalis section Acetoaellae, are discussed withreference to their variation and evolution. I n Maianthemum there are two main taxai M. dilatatum (Wood) Nels. & Macbr., confined to the Pacific region? and M.bifolitun (L.) Schmidt with a wider distribution. The latter consists of three subspecies, subspecies bifolium of Eurasia, and subspecies canadense and subspecies interius of N. America. All these have some populations or Individuals with 2n = 36, but all also have representatives with higher chromosome numbers, 2n = 54 or 2n = c72. It is not yet possible to evaluate the chromosome races taxonomically. The taxa have similar karyotypes; the chromosomes are rather large and some are satellited. The evidence suggests that the plants with 2n = 54 and 72 are autopolyploids based on 2n = 36. Hybridization experiments have produced good seeds and a few seedlings, but no hybrids have been raised to maturity; the experiments support the view of a close genetic relationship between the taxa. M.dilatatum is morphologically variable. In Asia it has been modified as a result of contact with M.bifolium;hybridization and introgression between them may have resulted in a recognised Asian variety. In Oxalis, little is known about the Asiatic taxa. Of the other northern hemisphere taxa O.acetosella L. of Eurasia and O.montana Raf. of N. America are best treated as subspecies of O.acetosella. Hybridization experiments, because of germination difficulties, have been inconclusive. O.oregana Butt, of northwest America, is distinct from O.acetosella and hybridization experiments gave empty seeds. All three taxa have similar karyotypes. Problems of phytogeography are discussed. In both genera the taxa along the Pacific coasts of N. America are different from those of C. and E.N. America, a possible indication of their early isolation from the main stock, which perhaps originated in E. Asia

COVID-19 fever symptom detection based on IoT cloud

This paper presents a new method of detection COVID-19 fever symptoms depending on IoT cloud services to solve the higher time delay of checking the crowded clients that enter public or private agencies which can lead to a dangerous field to spread the disease. An automatically checking process is suggested using a practical experiment is developed using (ESP8266 Node MCU, Ultrasonic (SR-04), RFID (RC522), human body temperature (MAX30205) sensors, and ThingSpeak platform). Where Node MCU is open-source hardware used to transmit the received data (human temperature sensor) from the (MAX30205) to the cloud platform (ThingSpeak) then alert the monitoring manager user when the collected data reached a critical value that specified previously and automatically take action to solve this situation. At the same time, the cloud platform will provide a graphical representation of the received data to display it using different monitoring devices such as (computers, mobiles, and others)

Using immersive video environment simulations for calibration of evacuation models

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geospatial TechnologiesThis thesis explores the potential of Immersive Video Environment (IVE) simulations for studying evacuation behavior and calibration parameters of evacuation models. Crowd disasters have increased in frequency and intensity and have resulted in many casualties in recent years. These disasters can occur at different scenarios and are caused by a myriad of reasons. Over the years, the methods to study the evacuation behavior have evolved and evacuation models are extensively used. There are many kinds of models that are used, however there are many issues faced in the calibration of these models. The reason for the problems in calibration mostly stem from a scarcity of data related to evacuation behavior. It is difficult to conduct evacuation drills and gather data from actual evacuations. Virtual Reality (VR), in particular the IVE can help bridge this gap by allowing for systematic studies, that are safe, reliable and with high ecological validity to be conducted. To study the viability of IVE simulations for this, a user study was conducted to observe the evacuation behavior and see the impact of building familiarity and visibility on evacuation performance. The impact of building familiarity and visibility was studied on the Route Choice, Exit Choice, Decision Time, Total Evacuation Time and User errors. The results of the study showed that the evacuation performance increases with building familiarity and is reduced when the visibility is low, this is much more apparent when the users are not familiar with the building. The study also established the Route Choice as being the main contributing factor to the Total Evacuation Time and showed that in most of the cases (75% of the time) the people not familiar with the building chose familiar exits while the people familiar with the building chose emergency exits. The results of the study coincide with the existing literature and show that the use of IVE simulations is a viable method for studying evacuation behavior and calibration parameters for evacuation models

Proceedings of the Conference on Globalization and Its Discontents

Recent studies on economic globalization have used various indicators, such as the ratio of trade-to-GDP and the ratio of FDI-to-GDP, to analyze the globalization performances of national economies. Although each indicator is useful in itself, our contention is that a single composite indicator (index) can provide more comprehensive information and would enable policy-makers and researchers to compare and rank the globalization performances of different countries, country groups and regions in a given year (or period) and over time. Accordingly, in this paper, we developed the economic globalization index to measure the extent of globalization of national economies. We have constructed the economic globalization index for the period 1975-2005. The overall results indicate that rich countries tend to be more globalized than poor countries. Furthermore, rich countries have improved their globalization –relative global integration level- from 1975 to 2005; however, many of poor countries’ relative levels of global integration have deteriorated during the same period. Our results seem to be in line with studies that characterize the recent situation in the world as “truncated globalization” or simply “triadization”.globalization, economic globalization index

Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics Studies of Gamma Oryzanol

Rice bran oil was extracted from rice bran collected after four milling breaks that were used to process rice in Bernas factory, Sekinchan, Malaysia. Two organic solvents were used, a non-polar solvent that was hexane and a mixture of non-polar and polar, which were chloroform-methanol. Gamma oryzanol content of rice bran oil was then quantified, and the total antioxidant activity (TAA) was determined using FTC and TBA methods. After oil extraction, dietary fiber content was quantified in the four phases of defatted rice bran. Results showed that rice bran contained around 20 % lipid in the extracts of the two solvents used. Unlike oil yield, y-oryzanol content was affected by rice milling and the type of solvent used for extraction. For chloroform-methanol extract, phase 2 of rice milling contained the highest amount of y-oryzanol (5280 * 120 pprn), followed by phase 3 (3820 * 60 pprn), phase 4 (3400 * 100 pprn), and phase 1 (3000 * 80 pprn). The four phases of hexane extracts contained lower amount of yoryzanol than chloroform-methanol extracts. Phase 2 of rice milling contained the highest y-oryzanol content (4560 100 pprn), followed by phase 3 (2400 * 40 pprn),. phase 4 (2080 * 40 pprn), and phase 1 (1600 * 60 pprn). TAA studies showed that rice bran oil extracted from phase 2 of rice milling had significantly higher antioxidant activity than phase 1 (pc0.05). However, no significant differences were found among other phases (p0.05). It was found that rice bran is a good source of dietary fiber. However, fiber distribution was affected also by milling systems. Phase 2 of rice milling contained the highest amount of TDF which was 5 1.2 * 0.9 %, followed by phases 3, 1 and 4 that contained 45.2 * 1.0 %, 37.6 * 0.1 % and 35.5 * 0.8 % respectively. Caco-2 cell line was used as in vitro model to study y-oryzanol bioavailability from different formulations that were triolein solution, emulsion, tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF)-y-oryzanol emulsion, and microspheres. By day 9, cell line showed polarized monolayer properties as was detected from transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value (247.2 * 25.0 &m2) and phenol red diffusion (4.2 + 0.1 %). However, all experiments were conducted at day 18, to ensure that cells were fully polarized. In vitro digestion of 100 mg dose from each formulation resulted in low micellarization concentrations of y-oryzanol from both triolein solution and microspheres, that were 2 1 * 2 pglml digestate, and 20 * 2 pgml respectively. Nevertheless, micellarization concentrations were greatly improved to 5087 * 147 pglml and 5 160 + 228 pglml, from emulsion and TRF- y-oryzanol emulsion, respectively. After 10 h of incubation, only 0.43 * 0.02 pg (2.03 +_ 0.09 %) y-oryzanol was transported to the lower compartments from triolein solution. Cellular uptake of y-oryzanol from microspheres after the same period of incubation, increased to 1.25 * 0.09 pg (6.33 f 0.44 %). Gamma oryzanol absorption increased further to 1 14.94 * 2.02 pg (2.3 1 f 0.04 %) and 1 15.82 * 4.52 pg (2.24 + 0.05 %) from emulsion and TRF- y-oryzanol emulsion, respectively. Phannacokinetics of y-oryzanol was studied using rabbits. Gamma oryzanol emulsion was given as a single intravenous dose. Plasma level of y-oryzanol was quantified using HPLC. Plasma clearance of y-oryzanol followed two compartments model, indicating that y-oryzanol was distributed to the internal tissues. Elimination constant was 0.086 * 0.004 pg/ml.h, and the half-life was 8.040 * 0.360 h. Rabbits were used as in vivo model to study the bioavailability of y-oryzanol from triolein solution, microspheres, emulsion and TRF- y-oryzanol emulsion. The maximum concentration of y-oryzanol from triolein solution was 6.37 * 1.48 pg/ml, and improved to 130.30 * 30.40 pglml upon loading y-oryzanol in microspheres. However, in both formulations, the maximum concentrations were achieved after 2 h of ingestion. Where as the maximum concentrations of y-oryzanol from emulsion and TRF- y-oryzanol emulsion were 555 * 100 pglml and 525 * 95 pglml respectively and the t max. was 2 h. The absolute bioavailability of y-oryzanol emulsion was 6.61 * 0.86 %. The oral emulsion was used as a standard, so that the relative bioavailabilitiy (F relative) values of the other formulations were calculated. While F( relative) for y-oryzanol from triolein solution was only 0.51 * 0.06 %, it was significantly ('<0.05) increased to 16.63 * 1.71 % upon loading y-oryzanol in microspheres. Addition of TRF to y-oryzanol emulsion resulted in an increase of F (relative) to 109.60 * 13.83 %. However, this increase could be due to the preservative effect of TRF antioxidants. In conclusion, the bioavailability of y-oryzanol was low. However, its absorption increased around 200 times after emulsification and 33 times upon loading in microspheres

EFFECTS OF PH ON AGGLOMERATION STATE OF Al2O3 – ZrO2 (ZTA) NANOCOMPOSITE POWDERS SYNTHESIZED BY TARTARIC GEL METHOD

Alumina – 20 vol% zirconia (ZTA) nanocomposites were synthesized by the tartaric acid sol-gel method. The precursors gelled from solutions at different pH were prepared and then calcined from 1000 to 1500°C. Surface area measurement (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the synthesized powders. Control of agglomeration state was carried out by changing the pH of the solution. Weakly agglomerated powders were obtained at pH=6, whereas the solution at pH=1 revealed hard agglomerated powders, (agglomeration degrees, N, were found to be 16425 at pH=1 and 102 at pH=6, respectively). The pH dependence of agglomeration was explained by the dissociation behavior of tartaric acid at various pH environments. XRD results showed that the powders have been fully tetragonal phase at 1000°C, while they exhibited tetragonal zirconia with minor monoclinic phase as well as a-Al2O3 at 1500°C. The presence of a-Al2O3 in the nanocrystalline composite contributes the wide range of temperature stability for t-ZrO2 up to 1500°C. TEM micrograph confirmed that alumina and zirconia were dispersed homogenously. Mechanical properties (hardness and indentation fracture toughness) of sintered samples were also determined