Effect of Piper betle and Brucea javanica on the Differential Expression of Hyphal Wall Protein (HWP1) in Non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) Species

The study aimed to identify the HWP1 gene in non-Candida albicans Candida species and the differential expression of HWP1 following treatment with Piper betle and Brucea javanica aqueous extracts. All candidal suspensions were standardized to 1 x 10(6) cells/mL. The suspension was incubated overnight at 37 degrees C (C. parapsilosis, 35 degrees C). Candidal cells were treated with each respective extract at 1, 3, and 6 mg/mL for 24 h. The total RNA was extracted and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out with a specific primer of HWP1. HWP1 mRNAs were only detected in C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Exposing the cells to the aqueous extracts has affected the expression of HWP1 transcripts. C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis have demonstrated different intensity of mRNA. Compared to P. betle, B. javanica demonstrated a higher suppression on the transcript levels of HWP1 in all samples. HWP1 was not detected in C. albicans following the treatment of B. javanica at 1 mg/mL. In contrast, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were shown to have HWP1 regulation. However, the expression levels were reduced upon the addition of higher concentration of B. javanica extract. P. betle and B. javanica have potential to be developed as oral health product.Article Link : http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/397268

Passively mode-locked laser using an entirely centred erbium-doped fiber

This paper describes the setup and experimental results for an entirely centred erbium-doped fiber laser with passively mode-locked output. The gain medium of the ring laser cavity configuration comprises a 3 m length of two-core optical fiber, wherein an undoped outer core region of 9.38 μm diameter surrounds a 4.00 μm diameter central core region doped with erbium ions at 400 ppm concentration. The generated stable soliton mode-locking output has a central wavelength of 1533 nm and pulses that yield an average output power of 0.33 mW with a pulse energy of 31.8 pJ. The pulse duration is 0.7 ps and the measured output repetition rate of 10.37 MHz corresponds to a 96.4 ns pulse spacing in the pulse train

Pengaruh Penambahan Bunga Kecombrang terhadap Daya Terima dan Kandungan Gizi Kerupuk

The objective of this study was to obtainthebestpercentage of torch gingerflowerforuse inmaking ofcrackers. This research wascarried outexperimentally usingcompletely randomized design(CRD) withfivetreatments, namely: K1(torch gingerflower0%); K2(torch gingerflower10%); K3(torch gingerflower15%); K4(torch gingerflower20%) andK5(torch gingerflower25%). The results showedthat thetreatmentlevel oftorch gingerflowerusein the making ofcrackerssignificant effecton ash, protein, calciumlevels of itandinflating power of crackersas well asorganolepticassessment, namely thecolor, aroma, flavorandcrispness, butnot significanteffecton thewater contentandthe overallassessment of crackers. Thetreatment ofK5(torch gingerflower25%) resulted ina bettercrackerswithash content5.06%, protein1.38% 29.31mg/100gcalcium, inflating power of crackers 54.67%, slightlybrowncolor, lessdistinctivetorch gingerflower aroma, typical flavor of torch gingerflower andlesscrisp, and the overallassessmentof thiscrackerwaspreferredby thepanelists

Strategi Kepala Sekolah Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Di SD Negeri 1 Peukan Bada Aceh Besar

Strategi kepala sekolah merupakan faktor yang paling menentukan dalam keberhasilan peningkatan mutu di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan strategi kepala sekolah perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan dan hambatan dalam peningkatan mutu. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Observasi, Wawancara dan Studi Dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah Komite, Kepala Sekolah, Guru dan Murid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam perencanaan peningkatan mutu adalah Melibatkan seluruh personil sekolah, Kepala Sekolah memberi kesempatan kepada guru dalam perencanaan mutu, Kepala Sekolah bekerjasama dengan komite dalam menyusun anggaran sekolah. 2) Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu adalah Guru yang mengajar harus sesuai dengan kualifikasinya, pembelajaran sesuai kurikulum, membantu dan menasehati guru, dalam penerimaan Siswa mengadakan tes. 3) Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam pengawasan peningkatan mutu adalah melakukan supervisi pengajaran dengan menggunakan teknik kelompok dan teknik perseorangan terhadap kegiatan peningkatan mutu di sekolah. 4) Hambatan dalam pelaksanaan peningkatan mutu adalah Kepala sekolah tidak dapat membagi waktu dan mengontrol seluruh kegiatan sekolah. Kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam mengoperasikan sarana sekolah yang terlalu canggih. Evaluasi siswa yang melibatkan wali murid dengan guru terhambat karena orangtua/wali tidak mau menerima kekurangan dari anaknya. Hal ini menyulitkan guru dalam melakukan evaluas

Kompetensi Kepalasekolah Sebagai Supervisor Dalam Pembinaan Profesionalisme Guru Di SMA Negeri 1 Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar

: To improve the professionalism of teachers, implementation of teaching supervision by the principal is indispensable as an indicator of the success of learning implementation in school and teachers\u27 tasks. A principal absolutely must have a competence as a supervisor because through supervision activities problems faced by teachers in the implementation of learning and development of professionalism can be identified, so that a solution can be found through routine coaching by the principal. The purpose of this study was to determine the teaching supervision program in an effort to improve the performance and professionalism of teachers at SMAN 1 Peukan Bada Senior High School in Aceh Besar Regency. This study used a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used were: observation, interview and documentation study. The subjects of the study were principal and teachers of SMAN 1 Peukan Bada. The results of the study showed that: (1) The principal has the ability as a supervisor in the implementation of teacher professional development program in SMAN 1 Peukan Bada, (2) The principal used individual supervision technique as the strategy to improve the professionalism of teachers through classroom visit activity, classroom observation, peer supervision, informal supervision and group technique, (3) The supervision carried by the principal provided a positive impact in improving the professionalism of teachers, with the growing understanding of the teachers on how to become good educators, (4) The obstacle in the implementation of program supervision was the limited time, resulting in uneven supervision activities for any teacher, so that the efforts to improve teachers\u27 competence was not optimal

Generation of Q-switched thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) using differentsaturable absorbers

A Q-switched Thulium-doped Fiber Laser (TDFL) operating at approximately 2 µm wavelength is successfully generated by using four different saturable absorbers (SAs) which are nitrogen-doped graphene in PVA (NG:PVA), nitrogen-doped graphene in PEO (NG:PEO), single-walled carbon nanotube in PVA (SWCNT:PVA), and high pressure carbon monoxide carbon nanotube in PVA (CNTHiPCO:PVA). The SAs integrated in the cavity were able to provide the real saturable absorption in modulating the intra-cavity losses. SWCNT gives the best results with the highest repetition rate and lowest pulse width of 57.45 kHz and 1.958 nJ correspondingly as compared to the other three SAs

Appropriate and inappropriate influences on outpatient discharge decision making in dermatology : a prospective qualitative study

© 2015 British Association of Dermatologists.BACKGROUND: Outpatient discharge decision making in dermatology is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To identify the influences on clinicians' thought processes when making discharge decisions in dermatology outpatient clinics. METHODS: Forty clinicians from 11 National Health Service Trusts in England were interviewed. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, coded and thematically analysed. RESULTS: The mean age of the clinicians was 48.8 years (range 33.0-67.0), 17 (43%) were men and 19 (48%) had > 20 years of clinical experience. One hundred and forty-eight influences were reported, with five main themes: (i) disease-based influences included type of diagnosis (100% of clinicians), guidelines (100%) and treatment needed (100%); (ii) clinician-based influences included the clinician's level of experience (100%), seniority (37%), emotional attitude (95%), 'gut feeling' (25%), personal attitude towards discharge (45%) and level of perception (100%); (iii) patient-based influences included patients' ability to cope with their disease (100%), wishes (70%), quality of life (32%), command of English (40%) and cultural background (25%); (iv) practice-based influences included good primary care (100%), secondary support structure (100%) and clinic capacity pressure (67%); (v) policy-based influences included pressure from hospital managers (57%) and an active discharge policy (7%). Fourteen (9%) influences were potentially inappropriate. CONCLUSION: This study has identified multiple factors influencing outpatient discharge decision making. This provides the basis for developing evidence-based training to improve discharge decision appropriateness.Peer reviewe

Sustainable waste management via incineration system: an Islamic outlook for conservation of the environment

This paper would firstly examine solid waste management currently experienced in Malaysia with special concentration given to waste incineration. Its function and benefits entailed from this system shall then be identified. This paper attempts to emphasize this notion within the Islamic perspective, stressing on the needs to conserve the environment. This study adopts a qualitative approach where the conceptual authoritative literature in the related field is utilized based on content analysis. The related principles of Islamic jurisprudencecarefully examined along with the Quranic verses depicting on this issue This study further submits that incinerating waste could mitigate environmental impact that might otherwise arise from waste. Finally, it further concludes that Islam provides a concrete model of environmental ethics which is based on divine revelation that needs to be observed.Keywords: sustainable waste management; incineration system; environment conservation;Islamic jurisprudence principles