Evidence-Based Practice Liaisons: Supporting EBP Across the Health System

https://scholar.rochesterregional.org/nursingresearchday/1018/thumbnail.jp

U.S. Tax Law as an Expert System

Tax law is a particular application well-suited for an expert system because of the large among of knowledge and the many variables involved. The following presents the results of implementing a small portion of tax code, with a brief look at whether or not it can be fully recreated in an accurate system with an acceptable response time. The actual prototype implementation has been done using the expert shell NEXPERT, making use of the IF/THEN rule construct which seems to fall naturally from the tax code

Transcription profiling reveals potential mechanisms of dysbiosis in the oral microbiome of rhesus macaques with chronic untreated SIV infection.

A majority of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have inadequate access to antiretroviral therapy and ultimately develop debilitating oral infections that often correlate with disease progression. Due to the impracticalities of conducting host-microbe systems-based studies in HIV infected patients, we have evaluated the potential of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infected rhesus macaques to serve as a non-human primate model for oral manifestations of HIV disease. We present the first description of the rhesus macaque oral microbiota and show that a mixture of human commensal bacteria and "macaque versions" of human commensals colonize the tongue dorsum and dental plaque. Our findings indicate that SIV infection results in chronic activation of antiviral and inflammatory responses in the tongue mucosa that may collectively lead to repression of epithelial development and impact the microbiome. In addition, we show that dysbiosis of the lingual microbiome in SIV infection is characterized by outgrowth of Gemella morbillorum that may result from impaired macrophage function. Finally, we provide evidence that the increased capacity of opportunistic pathogens (e.g. E. coli) to colonize the microbiome is associated with reduced production of antimicrobial peptides