5,654 research outputs found
Information-seeking among chronic disease prevention staff in state health departments: Use of academic journals
Use of scientific evidence aids in ensuring that public health interventions have the best possible health and economic return on investment. We describe use of academic journals by state health department chronic disease prevention staff to find public health evidence. We surveyed more than 900 state health department staff from all states and the District of Columbia. Participants identified top journals or barriers to journal use. We used descriptive statistics to examine individual and aggregate state health department responses. On average, 45.7% of staff per state health department use journals. Common barriers to use included lack of time, lack of access, and expense. Strategies for increasing journal use are provided
Transient Gamma Ray Spectrometer Measurements of Gamma-Ray Lines from Novae. II. Constraining the Galactic Nova Rate from a Survey of the Southern Sky during 1995-1997
The good energy resolution (3--4 keV FWHM) of the Transient Gamma Ray
Spectrometer (TGRS) on board the WIND spacecraft makes it sensitive to
Doppler-shifted outbursts of 511 keV electron-positron annihilation radiation,
the reason being that the Doppler shift causes the cosmic line to be slightly
offset from a strong instrumental background 511 keV line at rest, which is
ubiquitous in space environments. Such a cosmic line (blueshifted) is predicted
to arise in classical novae due to the annihilation of positrons from
-decay on a timescale of a few hours in an expanding envelope. A further
advantage of TGRS - its broad field of view, containing the entire southern
ecliptic hemisphere - has enabled us to make a virtually complete and unbiased
3-year search for classical novae at distances up to ~1 kpc. We present
negative results of this search, and estimate its implications for the
highly-uncertain Galactic classical nova rate and for future space missions.Comment: 22 pp. + 3 fig
Enhancing evidence-based diabetes and chronic disease control among local health departments: A multi-phase dissemination study with a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial component
Examples of Intervention Dissemination Strategies and Description. (DOCX 22 kb
Diethyl 2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-ylidene)butanedioate
The title compound, C16H15NO6, crystallizes with two symmetry–independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In addition, the crystal structure exhibits two intermolecular C—H⋯π interactions
Spatial evolution of short pulses under coherent population trapping
Spatial and temporal evolution is studied of two powerful short laser pulses
having different wavelengths and interacting with a dense three-level
Lambda-type optical medium under coherent population trapping. A general case
of unequal oscillator strengths of the transitions is considered. Durations of
the probe pulse and the coupling pulse () are assumed to be
shorter than any of the relevant atomic relaxation times. We propose analytical
and numerical solutions of a self-consistent set of coupled Schr\"{o}dinger
equations and reduced wave equations in the adiabatic limit with the account of
the first non-adiabatic correction. The adiabaticity criterion is also
discussed with the account of the pulse propagation. The dynamics of
propagation is found to be strongly dependent on the ratio of the transition
oscillator strengths. It is shown that envelopes of the pulses slightly change
throughout the medium length at the initial stage of propagation. This distance
can be large compared to the one-photon resonant absorption length. Eventually,
the probe pulse is completely reemitted into the coupling pulse during
propagation. The effect of localization of the atomic coherence has been
observed similar to the one predicted by Fleischhauer and Lukin (PRL, {\bf 84},
5094 (2000).Comment: 16 pages revtex style, 7 EPS figures, accepted to Physical Review
Evidence for Magnetic Pseudoscaling in Overdoped La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4)
We report the results of electronic Raman scattering experiments on an
overdoped La(1.78)Sr(0.22)CuO(4) single crystal as a function of temperature.
The scattering rate Gamma(w->0,T) has been determined from the normal state
B(1g) spectra in the range 50 K < T < 300 K. Gamma(T) decreases linearly from
300 K to about 175 K and then undergoes a reduction with respect to the
expected mean-field behavior. This trend suggests a crossover to pseudoscaling
regime at about T(cr)=160 K. The results are in good agreement with the
prediction of the nearly antiferromagnetic Fermi liquid model. There is no
evidence of a pseudogap in the spectra obtained from this overdoped sample.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages with 3 PS figures included, replaced with minor
changes in the text and reference
A new approach to high resolution, high contrast electron microscopy of macromolecular block copolymer assemblies
Determining the structure of macromolecular samples is vital for understanding and adapting their function. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is widely used to achieve this, but, owing to the weak electron scattering cross-section of carbon, TEM images of macromolecular samples are generally low contrast and low resolution. Here we implement a fast and practically simple routine to achieve high-contrast imaging of macromolecular samples using exit wave reconstruction (EWR), revealing a new level of structural detail. This is only possible using ultra-low contrast supports such as the graphene oxide (GO) used here and as such represents a novel application of these substrates. We apply EWR on GO membranes to study self-assembled block copolymer structures, distinguishing not only the general morphology or nanostructure, but also evidence for the substructure (i.e. the polymer chains) which gives insight into their formation mechanisms and functional properties
An unfolding signifier: London's Baltic Exchange in Tallinn
In the summer of 2007 an unusual cargo arrived at Muuga and Paldiski harbors outside Tallinn. It consisted of nearly 50 containers holding over 1,000 tons of building material ranging from marble columns, staircases and fireplaces, to sculpted allegorical figures, wooden paneling and old-fashioned telephone booths. They were once part of the Baltic Exchange in the City of London. Soon they will become facets of the landscape of Tallinn. The following article charts this remarkable story and deploys this fragmented monument to analyze three issues relating to the Estonian capital: the relocation of the ‘Bronze Soldier’, the demolition of the Sakala Culture Center, and Tallinn’s future role as European Cultural Capital in 2011
A Policy-Ready Public Health Guidebook of Strategies and Indicators to Promote Financial Well-Being and Address Financial Strain in Response to COVID-19
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the financial well-being of populations globally, escalating concerns about links with health care and overall well-being. Governments and organizations need to act quickly to protect population health relative to exacerbated financial strain. However, limited practice and policy-relevant resources are available to guide action, particularly from a public health perspective, that is, targeting equity, social determinants of health, and health-in-all policies. Our study aimed to create a public health guidebook of strategies and indicators for multisectoral action on financial well-being and financial strain by decision makers in high-income contexts. Methods We used a multimethod approach to create the guidebook. We conducted a targeted review of existing theoretical and conceptual work on financial well-being and strain. By using rapid review methodology informed by principles of realist review, we collected data from academic and practice-based sources evaluating financial well-being or financial strain initiatives. We performed a critical review of these sources. We engaged our research–practice team and government and nongovernment partners and participants in Canada and Australia for guidance to strengthen the tool for policy and practice. Results The guidebook presents 62 targets, 140 evidence-informed strategies, and a sample of process and outcome indicators. Conclusion The guidebook supports action on the root causes of poor financial well-being and financial strain. It addresses a gap in the academic literature around relevant public health strategies to promote financial well-being and reduce financial strain. Community organizations, nonprofit organizations, and governments in highincome countries can use the guidebook to direct initiative design, implementation, and assessmen
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