Changes in Received Pronunciation: Diachronic Case Studies

This paper sets out to investigate changes and individual irregularities in the Received Pronunciation of a number of individuals over time and to compare them with the changes noted in contemporary RP in the literature. The aim of the study is to ascertain whether accent change affects individuals during their lifetimes or is only brought about by new generations of speakers accepting different pronunciations as the norm and effectively speaking with a different accent to older generations within their social circle. The variations/changes looked for were: CLOTH transfer, CURE lowering, GOAT allophony, R-sandhi, and T-voicing. The procedure of the study was to identify the presence or absence of these features in the speech of certain individuals in recordings made over a period of at least 35 years. The individuals studied were: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Baroness Thatcher, Sir David Attenborough and David Dimbleby. The results of these comparisons suggest that individual speakers are not greatly affected by changes in pronunciation taking place around them and generally stay with the preferred pronunciation of their youth. There are, however, cases where a general uncertainty amongst speakers of the accent, here found in CURE lowering, does influence the speech of individuals over time

Gap-graded gravel for asphaltic paving mixtures

The objective of this investigation was to determine if naturally occurring gap-graded gravel can produce asphaltic mixtures meeting minimum requirements for satisfactory pavement behavior. Ten gap-graded mixes were blended by eliminating certain intermediate sized fractions or combination of fractions from the gradation of a control mix. The weight of the fractions eliminated was distributed to either the coarser or finer aggregate fractions. All specimens were prepared and tested in strict accordance with procedures set forth in ASTM Designation D1559, Resistance to Plastic Flow of Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus. The physical properties compared and analyzed were (1) unit weight, (2) stability, (3) flow, (4) percent air, (5) percent voids filled with bitumen, and (6) voids in the mineral aggregate. Test results reveal that some of the mixtures can meet minimum criteria for a satisfactory mix with the principle problem being one of deficient air-voids relationships --Abstract, page ii

The canons of the orthodox church and the application of ‘economy’ to current infringements

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Modeling Shared Governance at the School and Department Level

The article explores social capital and culturally responsive leadership theories as a means to understand and bridge differences that arise in diverse educational settings for public school leaders. Issues explored include those related to the educational histories and cultural heritages that students and stakeholders bring with them to the educational setting. More specifically, the article illuminates how the merging of social capital and culturally responsive leadership theories as a conceptual framework for leadership can lead to not only student achievement, but also positive social networking and relationships among school leaders, teachers, and students. Emphasis is placed on the notion that in order for school leaders to close the achievement gap, they must first close the opportunity gap

On antichains of spreading models of Banach spaces

We show that for every separable Banach space $X$, either \spw(X) (the set of all spreading models of $X$ generated by weakly-null sequences in $X$, modulo equivalence) is countable, or \spw(X) contains an antichain of the size of the continuum. This answers a question of S. J. Dilworth, E. Odell and B. Sari.Comment: 14 pages, no figures. Canadian Mathematical Bulletin (to appear

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb-1 of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results