CONGENITAL EPULIS

Congenital epulis is a rarely encountered pathology the majority of which originates from the gingival mucosa particularly the anterior portion of the maxillary alveolar arch A one day old neonate was brought with an oral mass disrupting nursing On examination a 3X2 cm spherical mass originating from the upper gingiva was found The mass was excised under local anesthesia and histopathologically diagnosed as congenital epulis During a follow up of 4 months no recurrence was found in the patient Congenital epulis has to be among the diagnoses considered initially in gingival masses in neonate

Enhancing the image resolution in a single-pixel sub-THz imaging system based on compressed sensing

Compressed sensing (CS) techniques allow for faster imaging when combined with scan architectures, which typically suffer from speed. This technique when implemented with a subterahertz (sub-THz) single detector scan imaging system provides images whose resolution is only limited by the pixel size of the pattern used to scan the image plane. To overcome this limitation, the image of the target can be oversampled; however, this results in slower imaging rates especially if this is done in two-dimensional across the image plane. We show that by implementing a one-dimensional (1 -D) scan of the image plane, a modified approach to CS theory applied with an appropriate reconstruction algorithm allows for successful reconstruction of the reflected oversampled image of a target placed in standoff configuration from the source. The experiments are done in reflection mode configuration where the operating frequency is 93 GHz and the corresponding wavelength is lambda = 3.2 mm. To reconstruct the image with fewer samples, CS theory is applied using masks where the pixel size is 5 mm x 5 mm, and each mask covers an image area of 5 cm x 5 cm, meaning that the basic image is resolved as 10 x 10 pixels. To enhance the resolution, the information between two consecutive pixels is used, and over-sampling along 1-D coupled with a modification of the masks in CS theory allowed for oversampled images to be reconstructed rapidly in 20 x 20 and 40 x 40 pixel formats. These are then compared using two different reconstruction algorithms, TVAL3 and l(1)-MAGIC. The performance of these methods is compared for both simulated signals and real signals. It is found that the modified CS theory approach coupled with the TVAL3 reconstruction process, even when scanning along only 1-D, allows for rapid precise reconstruction of the oversampled target. (C) 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE

The influence of the approach for blood loss and transfusion in total knee arthroplasty: Medial parapatellar vs. subvastus

The medial parapatellar (MP) and subvastus (SV) approaches are the most common approaches used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Blood loss and transfusion requirements during these approaches varies in different studies. This study compared the MP and SV techniques in terms of blood loss and transfusion needs. Sixty-four patients were enrolled for this retrospective, single-centre and single-surgeon study. Patients were allocated into two groups of 32 patients each: TKA utilizing a MP approach (MP group) and TKA utilizing a SV approach (SV group). The calculated blood loss, determined using the Gross method, was the study's primary outcome. Additionally, the amounts of haemoglobin and haematocrit decrease from preoperative to postoperative 3rd day as well as the need for blood transfusions were compared. The mean calculated blood loss was lower in the SV group compared to the MP group (953±362 mL vs. 1245±404 mL, p=0.003). The haematocrit decrease from preoperative to postoperative 3rd day was in favour of the SV group (7.0±2.9 % vs. 9.5±3.0 %, p=0.005). The mean units of packed red cells transfused in the MP and SV groups were 0.28±0.45 and 0.19±0.4, respectively (p>0.05). Although lower blood loss was observed in the SV approach, the postoperative transfusion rates were not affected. When selecting the approach to use in TKA, surgeons should consider that SV approach is efficient in reducing blood loss without any change in transfusion requirement. [Med-Science 2023; 12(1.000): 259-63

Humoral immune response and coated or uncoated oxygenators during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery

Aim: To investigate and compare uncoated and phosphoryl-choline-coated oxygenators in terms of induction of humoral immune response during coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: A total of 20 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery were randomly distributed into two groups according to the type of oxygenator used during surgery. Group 1 consisted of 10 patients who were operated on using phosphorylcholine-coated oxygenators. Group 2 contained 10 patients who underwent surgery using uncoated oxygenators. Blood and oxygenator fibre samples were obtained and compared in terms of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM), complements (C3c, C4), serum total protein and albumin levels using electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: In group 1, levels of IgM, IgG, total protein and serum albumin were significantly increased at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) compared to those at the beginning of CPB. In group 2, C3c and C4 levels at the beginning of CPB were found to be significantly higher than at the end. Electron microscopic examination of oxygenator fibres demonstrated that phosphorylcholine-coated fibres were less likely to be adsorbed by serum proteins and complements than the uncoated fibres. Conclusion: Our results indicate that phosphorylcholine-coated oxygenators seemed to induce humoral immune response to a lesser extent than uncoated oxygenators during coronary artery bypass procedures