L'éducation comme autocritique : La trajectoire de Friedrich Nietzsche

Il n'est pas simple de systématiser les aspects d'un auteur qui a écrit sur de nombreuses perspectives philosophiques, comme c'est le cas de Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) et même, a fait l'objet d'interprétations diverses, parfois contradictoires. Si l'on prend sa pensée comme base de réflexion sur le phénomène éducatif, la perspective individuelle, de s'éduquer ou, si l'on veut, de l'éducation aristocratique semble refléter des éléments de sa trajectoire. En tout cas, cette conception éducative s'avère intempestive pour le XIXe siècle, de la même manière que sa trajectoire de vie se montre aussi hors du temps. L'éducation aristocratique, dans le sens de la poursuite de son excellence, concerne l'effort de dépassement de soi et d'autocritique de l'humain. Telle est la conception de Nietzsche d'une véritable éducation

Prevalence and factors associated with poor performance in the 5‐chair stand test: findings from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II and proposed Newcastle protocol for use in the assessment of sarcopenia

Background Poor performance in the 5‐chair stand test (5‐CST) indicates reduced lower limb muscle strength. The 5‐CST has been recommended for use in the initial assessment of sarcopenia, the accelerated loss of muscle strength and mass. In order to facilitate the use of the 5‐CST in sarcopenia assessment, our aims were to (i) describe the prevalence and factors associated with poor performance in the 5‐CST, (ii) examine the relationship between the 5‐CST and gait speed, and (iii) propose a protocol for using the 5‐CST. Methods The population‐based study Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II recruited people aged 65 years and over from defined geographical localities in Cambridgeshire, Newcastle, and Nottingham. The study collected data for assessment of functional ability during home visits, including the 5‐CST and gait speed. We used multinomial logistic regression to assess the associations between factors including the SARC‐F questionnaire and the category of 5‐CST performance: fast (15 s), or unable, with slow/unable classed as poor performance. We reviewed previous studies on the protocol used to carry out the 5‐CST. Results A total of 7190 participants aged 65+ from the three diverse localities of Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II were included (54.1% female). The proportion of those with poor performance in the 5‐CST increased with age, from 34.3% at age 65–69 to 89.7% at age 90+. Factors independently associated with poor performance included positive responses to the SARC‐F questionnaire, physical inactivity, depression, impaired cognition, and multimorbidity (all P < 0.005). Most people with poor performance also had slow gait speed (57.8%) or were unable to complete the gait speed test (18.4%). We found variation in the 5‐CST protocol used, for example, timing until a participant stood up for the fifth time or until they sat down afterwards. Conclusions Poor performance in the 5‐CST is increasingly common with age and is associated with a cluster of other factors that characterize risk for poor ageing such as physical inactivity, impaired cognition, and multimorbidity. We recommend a low threshold for performing the 5‐CST in clinical settings and provide a protocol for its use

L’ÉDUCATION COMME AUTOCRITIQUE : LA TRAJECTOIRE DE FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE

Il n’est pas simple de systématiser les aspects d’un auteur qui a écrit sur de nombreuses perspectives philosophiques, comme c’est le cas de Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) et même, a fait l’objet d’interprétations diverses, parfois contradictoires. Si l’on prend sa pensée comme base de réflexion sur le phénomène éducatif, la perspective individuelle, de s’éduquer ou, si l’on veut, de l’éducation aristocratique semble refléter des éléments de sa trajectoire. En tout cas, cette conception éducative s’avère intempestive pour le XIXe siècle, de la même manière que sa trajectoire de vie se montre aussi hors du temps. L’éducation aristocratique, dans le sens de la poursuite de son excellence, concerne l’effort de dépassement de soi et d’autocritique de l’humain. Telle est la conception de Nietzsche d’une véritable éducation

E-Commerce marketing strategies in industry 4.0

The business transition process from conventional to digital forms causes companies to think about strategic steps to make the new business processes that are in it become sustainable. One way is to take advantage of technological developments in the era of industry 4.0 that change the way work is done from the conventional way towards digital technology by utilizing e-commerce. This research uses descriptive research method with a qualitative analysis approach. Data collection techniques in this study used primary data and secondary data approaches. Data obtained from research are empirical data. The methodology used in this study is a conceptual review, which is a method carried out by collecting data and information related to market potential, changes in consumer behavior and how to use e-commerce technology as an alternative solution in innovating marketing strategies with the aim to capture potential market potential. greater than. The results of the research resulted nine e-commerce strategies in the industry 4.0 era to achieve the goals of a business with challenges and high competitiveness in the e-commerce market, business people in industry 4.0 era can use 9 strategies to successful in this technological era, including; framing the market opportunity; formulating the marketing strategy; designing the customer experience; crafting the customer interface; designing the marketing program; leveraging customer information through technology; character and competent delegation; systemized market customers; and evaluating the marketing program

Şiddetsiz iletişimin kuruluşlarda iletişim alternatif yöntemi olarak kullanılması

Organizations adopt different communication methods, and each one can find it practical, depending on many variables that can be related to some criteria, like culture, sector of the organization, or age. Nonviolent Communication is one of the methods as it is old but not used much in the organization. It is a new concept that Dr. Marshall Rosenberg developed in a way that can be beneficial for the person in his relationship with himself and others. Moreover, Nonviolent Communication can be a method that the organization can adopt for its strategy to be a new communication method. This research presents the benefit of nonviolent communication on organizations, how it affects them, and why it can the nonviolent be the best option for organizations to take as a communication method. The study is significant because it gives all the aspects of nonviolent communication that can add to the organization in terms of its performance and the well-being of its workers, each for the managers and the employees…Kurumlar farklı iletişim yöntemlerini benimser ve her biri bu yontemleri kurumun kültüru, sektörü veya yaşı gibi kriterlerle ilişkilendirilebilecek birçok değişkene bağlı olarak pratik bulabilir bu aynı zamanda kurumun iletişim yöntemine bagli kilacak belirleyici bir faktördür veya sürdürülebilirligi saglayip bunu yeni yöntemlere göre de değiştirebilir. Şiddetsiz iletişim, en eski yontemlerden biri olup ancak kurumlarda pek kullanılmayan yöntemlerden biridir. Dr. Marshall Rosenberg'in kendisi ve başkaları ile olan ilişkilerinde kişinin işine yarayacak şekilde geliştirdiği yeni bir kavramdır. Ayrıca şiddetsiz iletişim, kurulusun stratejisinin yeni bir iletişim yöntemi olması için benimseyebileceği bir yöntem olabilir. Bu araştırma, şiddetsiz iletişimin kurumlar üzerindeki faydasını, onları nasıl etkilediğini ve şiddet içermeyen iletişimin kurumların bir iletişim yöntemi olarak ele alması için neden en uygun seçenek olabileceğini sunuyor. Bu calisma kurulusun verimi ,calisanlarin refahi icin sirkete katkida bulunabilecek siddetsiz iletisimin tum yonlerini ele aldigindan buyuk oneme sahiptir

A systematic literature review on multi-criteria decision making in disaster management

This paper through a systematic literature review portrays the academic work that has been done in disaster management by applying multi-criteria decision making. This study reviews 36 academic articles that applied multi-criteria decision-making planning and management of natural disasters i.e. tsunami, floods, heavy rains, earthquake, land sliding, epidemic, pandemic, etc. This study finds out that lack of effective planning and management pre and post disasters is causing loss of human life, temporary migration of locals to safer places, loss of properties, and economic losses. Once the crisis is over, it requires efforts and additional finances to bring life to normal. There are regions where disasters are periodic such as floods in rivers or due to monsoon season. But with effective planning and pre-determined priorities, loss to human life can be mitigated. Disaster management departments need effective planning tools to forecast imminent disasters and prepare accordingly. This study is very relevant to the recent global pandemic COVID-19 that has caused human and economic losses and will leave footprints for the coming years and generation

Les travaux archéologiques

Contribution à rapport de fouille programméeMidant-Reynes B. (dir.), Rapport Tell el-Iswid mission 201

Les travaux archéologiques

Contribution à rapport de fouille programméeMidant-Reynes B. (dir.), Rapport Tell el-Iswid mission 201

Les opérations de terrain : la séquence stratigraphique des sondages 1a et 1b

International audienc

L’apport des techniques d’imagerie et de photographie à l’étude, la conservation et la diffusion des cas pathologiques en archéoanthropologie

National audienceThe considerable number of burials excavated and skeletons exhumed each year, mainly during preventives digs, provides a large number of pathological cases needing to be studied, preserved and disseminated. For several decades, medical imaging has been a major asset in establishing paleopathological diagnoses, and also offers an original medium for the dissemination and preservation of the different cases. The other complementary tool is photogrammetry, which allows the rapid dissemination of the information and data preservation by generating orthophotographs and three-dimensional models, which are also promotion documents. A medieval burial excavated in Gournay-sur-Marne in 2018, where the individual was suffering for several osteomyelitis, benefited for these treatments for the study of bone lesions, as well as during a promotion event (European Archaeology Days in June 2021 at the musée de l’Armée).Le nombre considérable de sépultures fouillées et de squelettes exhumés chaque année, principalement lors des fouilles préventives, livre une quantité importante de cas pathologiques qu’il faut étudier, conserver et diffuser. Depuis plusieurs décennies, l’imagerie médicale est un atout majeur dans l’établissement d’un diagnostic paléopathologique, et permet aussi de proposer un support original pour la diffusion et la conservation des différents cas. L’autre outil complémentaire est la photogrammétrie qui autorise une diffusion rapide de l’information et une conservation des données par la génération d’orthophotographies, de modèles tridimensionnels qui sont aussi des documents de valorisation. Une sépulture médiévale fouillée à Gournay-sur-Marne en 2018 dont l’individu était atteint de plusieurs ostéomyélites a bénéficié de ce traitement pour l’étude des lésions osseuses et également lors d’un évènement de valorisation (Journées européennes de l’archéologie, en juin 2021, au musée de l’Armée)