A Nonparametric Analysis for Stability of Wheat Genotypes Tested in Southern Punjab, Pakistan

The objective of our study is to investigate the relationship amongst nonparametric stability statistics. Genotype environment interaction (G × EI) of eighteen genotypes wheat, tested at seven locations was interpreted by non-parametric measures. Different nonparametric measures for (G×EI) on the grain yield data of eighteen wheat’s genotypes were selected from NUWYT in the year 2016-17 in Pakistan. The experiments were conducted in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) and were replicated twice at each location. The nonparametric steps were used to attain improvement for G×EI at (P < 0.01) which recommended the various interaction of the wheat’s genotype to be tested in each environment. Rank correlation by Spearman was applied to calculate the relationship amongst the stability of statistics with (PCA) biplot. The results of (PCA) and correlation analysis of nonparametric stability measures indicate to select stable and highly yield genotype by using Si1, Si2, Si3 and Si6 (Huehn, 1979), the NPi1, NPi2, NPi3 and NPi4 (Thennarasu.1995) and rank sum (Kang’s 1988).  G16, G1 and G5, were found to be the most stable genotypes and G10 was unstabl

Towards Reviving the Missing Noble Characteristics of Traditional Habitual Social Life: “Al-Farej “In Kingdom of Bahrain

For a long time, Social life in Bahrain was unique and positive. Public Participation and social cooperative with no reference of segregation or discrimination for a long time. Regularly residences were gathering together to discuss the daily life, solving problems, discussing their economic and social issues with a spirit of respecting human rights and civilization. In Bahrain, there were many elements, which were positively in city quality of life. The research problem is that, unfortunately, most of the old part of Manama city, Capital of Bahrain, area suffer from losing the identity by modernization in many forms by urban developing. Consequently, day by day, the social life became different and lost most of noble characteristics of traditional habitual Social life. Bahraini heritage alive in the old area of Manama City, the area needs a node and a reference point for the community to gather in a better-built environment. Therefore, there is an essential need for proposing a solution to revive the brilliant of social life in Kingdom of Bahrain in term of gathering people for cultural events with the economic return to keep the rich history and importance of the area and enhance the environment of the center of Manama. The aim of the research is to propose a solution to solve the missing of social life in the old part of Bahrain by giving guidelines in representing “Al-Farej” in a modern way matching with the modernization of life in Manama

A Nonparametric Analysis for Stability of Wheat Genotypes Tested in Southern Punjab, Pakistan

The objective of our study is to investigate the relationship amongst nonparametric stability statistics. Genotype environment interaction (G × EI) of eighteen genotypes wheat, tested at seven locations was interpreted by non-parametric measures. Different nonparametric measures for (G×EI) on the grain yield data of eighteen wheat’s genotypes were selected from NUWYT in the year 2016-17 in Pakistan. The experiments were conducted in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) and were replicated twice at each location. The nonparametric steps were used to attain improvement for G×EI at (P < 0.01) which recommended the various interaction of the wheat’s genotype to be tested in each environment. Rank correlation by Spearman was applied to calculate the relationship amongst the stability of statistics with (PCA) biplot. The results of (PCA) and correlation analysis of nonparametric stability measures indicate to select stable and highly yield genotype by using Si1, Si2, Si3 and Si6 (Huehn, 1979), the NPi1, NPi2, NPi3 and NPi4 (Thennarasu.1995) and rank sum (Kang’s 1988).  G16, G1 and G5, were found to be the most stable genotypes and G10 was unstabl

Polymeric nanocarriers: A promising tool for early diagnosis and efficient treatment of colorectal cancer

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent type of cancer for incidence and second for mortality worldwide. Late diagnosis and inconvenient and expensive current diagnostic tools largely contribute to the progress of the disease. The use of chemotherapy in the management of CRC significantly reduces tumor growth, metastasis, and morbidity rates. However, poor solubility, low cellular uptake, nonspecific distribution, multiple drug resistance and unwanted adverse effects are still among the major drawbacks of chemotherapy that limit its clinical significance in the treatment of CRC. Owing to their remarkable advantages over conventional therapies, the use of nanotechnology-based delivery systems especially polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) has revolutionized many fields including disease diagnosis and drug delivery.Aim of Review: In this review, we shed the light on the current status of using PNCs in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC with a special focus on targeting strategies, surface modifications and safety concerns for different types of PNCs in colonic cancer delivery.Key Scientific Concepts of Review: The review explores the current progress on the use of PNCs in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC with a special focus on the role of PNCs in improvement of cellular uptake, drug targeting and co-delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Possible toxicity and biocompatibility issues related to the use of PNCs and imitations and future recommendation for the use of those smart carriers in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC are also discussed.Acknowledgement This research was supported by Univeristy of Sharjah (UOS) tar-geted research project funds, 2101110345 to MH

N-[4-(N-Cyclo­hexyl­sulfamo­yl)phen­yl]acetamide

In the title compound, C14H20N2O3S, the cyclo­hexyl ring adopts a chair conformation: the four coplanar C atoms of this ring make a dihedral angle of 64.8 (2)° with the benzene ring. In the mol­ecule, an intra­molecular C—H⋯O contact generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked via inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into two-dimensional layers propagating in (100)

Impact of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Resources on CO2 Emission: Empirical Evidence from SAARC

When assessing sustainability performance, researchers often ignore the implications of combining energy, economic, and environmental factors. To address this void, we assess the consequence of energy dis-aggregation proceeding carbon emissions in SAARC nations. The majority of energy resources are renewable and non-renewable, which contributes to a rise in carbon dioxide emissions. This study aims to provide a thorough understanding of the energy utilization dioxide emissions nexus. The panel data sets covering the period 1971-2020 for the SAARC nations have been used for analysis. The data set was used to assess the effect of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on emissions of carbon dioxide by factoring in other CO2-producing variables such as urbanization, primary and secondary education, globalization, and economic development. Panel Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) was used to examine the connection. According to research comparing the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption upon Carbon dioxide emission, whereas non-renewable energy consumption increases CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption decreases them. Urbanization, globalization, primary education, and economic growth increase carbon emissions, while secondary education contributes to environmental quality improvement via CO2 reduction. Therefore, increasing the usage of renewable energy and enhancing awareness through higher education may help SAARC nations to reduce pollution emissions

Does governance in information technology matter when it comes to organizational performance in Pakistani public sector organizations? Mediating effect of innovation

Information technology governance (ITG) is recognized as a vital organizational ability to exploit opportunities for innovation and enhance organizational performance. However, the potential of ITG for public sector innovation and performance has not been fully grasped in Pakistani public sector organizations (PakPSOs). This study has presented an explanatory model to investigate the mediating effect of innovation in the relationship between ITG and organizational performance in PakPSOs. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM)–based hierarchical component modeling approach has applied to analyze the model by taking sample data from 97 PakPSOs. The results revealed that ITG positively affected innovation and organizational performance. Innovation positively affected organizational performance. Innovation partially mediated the relationship between ITG and organizational performance. The study corroborates the strategic use of information technology (IT) to enhance innovation and organizational performance in this context. The study contributes to the existing knowledge base through a new theoretical model and promotes academic rigor. The results are also significant for the practice as they can help to achieve organizational performance in terms of operational efficiency, transparency in costs and results, planning and decision making, performance monitoring and control, and collaboration and synergy. The other countries operating in a similar environment can also take the benefit of this study

Assessing COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among hospital employees: identifying sociodemographic determinants for improved public health strategies

BackgroundThe working environment of healthcare institution during pandemic puts all hospital employees at high-risk of being exposed to contagious infections. An individual’s behavior and response are largely determined by their level of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) toward a disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate and assess the KAP toward COVID-19 among hospital employees working in various positions and to identify the sociodemographic determinants associated with the level of KAP.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 1 to July 15, 2020 in Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Alhasa, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia in which 221 hospital employees with varied job titles participated. The data for demographics and history of COVID-19 exposure, KAP related to COVID-19 spread and prevention were collected online using a web-based platform (Survey Monkey). Student’s t-test/One-way ANOVA were used to compare total mean and standard deviation of KAP scores with demographic profiles and history of exposure.Results89.1% employees knew that COVID-19 virus is mostly transmitted from human-to-human, and 76.0% employees acknowledged droplet transmission. 64.7% employees preferred to take a sick person with unconfirmed COVID-19 to a health facility. Physicians had higher knowledge scores for COVID-19 infection and non-medical employees had the lowest scores (7.47 ± 1.23 and 6.47 ± 1.44, respectively). Nurses had the highest practice scores and non-medical employees lowest practice score (6.16 ± 0.74 and 5.37 ± 1.14, respectively). Attitude scores were similar among all the employees. All employees reported an increase in hand-washing frequency and physical contact avoidance.ConclusionThe study results revealed socio-demographic factors; level of education, nationality, and field of service are associated with COVID-19 KAP. The study highlights that there is a gap in the level of knowledge about COVID-19, especially among nonmedical employees. Targeted interventional programs need to be planned and implemented to improve COVID-19 awareness among non-medical employees

Initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists according to level of frailty in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in Denmark: a cross-sectional, nationwide study

Background: Whether frailty influences the initiation of two cardioprotective diabetes drug therapies (ie, SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists) in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is unknown. We aimed to assess rates of initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists according to frailty in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Methods: For this cross-sectional, nationwide study, all people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in Denmark between Jan 1, 2015, and Dec 31, 2021, from six Danish health-data registers were identified. People younger than 40 years, with end-stage renal disease, with registered contraindications to SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists, or with previous use of either drug therapy were excluded. The Hospital Frailty Risk Score was used to categorise people as either non-frail, moderately frail, or severely frail. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse the association between frailty and initiation of an SGLT2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Findings: Of 119 390 people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, 103 790 were included. Median follow-up time was 4·5 years (IQR 2·7–6·1) and median age across the three frailty groups was 71 years (64–79). 65 959 (63·6%) of 103 790 people were male and 37 831 (36·5%) were female. At index date, 66 910 (64·5%) people were non-frail, 29 250 (28·2%) were moderately frail, and 7630 (7·4%) were severely frail. Frailty was associated with a significantly lower probability of initiating therapy with an SGLT2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist than in people who were non-frail (moderately frail hazard ratio 0·91, 95% CI 0·88–0·94, p<0·0001; severely frail 0·75, 0·70–0·80, p<0·0001). This association persisted after adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, year of inclusion, duration of type 2 diabetes, duration of cardiovascular disease, polypharmacy, and comorbidity. Interpretation: In people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in Denmark, frailty was associated with a significantly lower probability of SGLT2-inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor-agonist initiation, despite their benefits. Formulating clear and updated guidelines on the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in people who are frail with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease should be a priority. Funding: Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital. Translation: For the Danish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section