Le paradoxe de l’espace public dans la ville algérienne

Through its multiple functions, the city creates its own standards of living that are defined in the specificity of the urban milieu, in contrast to the rural milieu, i.e. the creation of a new type of relationship, a different family structure, and new ways of living, working, consuming and dwelling. Through the multiple sociocultural, economic and political particularities it engenders, the city creates a change in traditionally prescribed relationships leading to the relaxing of social constraints, thereby imposing the coexistence of heterogeneous elements: a situation that unfailingly leads to conflicts between different individuals, cultures and groups. For many years, the city has been subjected to very numerous ‘inflows’ of essentially rural population, little prepared, it is true, for a new urban lifestyle. This mass of country people that nurtured nostalgia for an illusion and had difficulty accepting indifference and detachment, ended up generating a new type of ‘city-dweller’, half-way between its rural roots that it has not shed, although they are increasingly denied by the new generations, and an urbanity to which everyone ardently aspires. From this cultural duality arose the hybrid concept of the ‘rurban’. In this regard, it should be pointed out that, through a rapid and massive concentration of population with country roots, pauperized and weakened in the city, an inescapable and fast-growing phenomenon of ruralization of society has appeared. The ruralization of the city has changed the face of the urban space with a combination of modernity and tradition. Public space continues to be marked by the duality of the population, which attempts to make a place for itself in the city by occupying the social and economic terrain. Public space is taken here as a privileged space for the development of games and stakes that are continuously done and undone at the expense of the marginalized and destitute. The city retains this specificity due to the fact that it remains a meltingpot for creativity, where  tradition and modernity are formed. The city is particularly distinguished by the original construction of the ‘Houma’ (neighbourhood) which is the public space par excellence where traditional life, based on morals, is perpetuated: respect for neighbours, decency, probity, … a space where social and community ties are redefined

Email Authorship Attribution In Cyber Forensics

Email is one of the most widely used forms of written communication over the Internet, and its use has increased tremendously for both personal and professional purposes. The increase in email traffic comes also with an increase in the use of emails for illegitimate purposes to commit all sort of crimes. Phishing, spamming, email bombing, threatening, cyber bullying, racial vilification, child pornography, viruses and malware propagation, and sexual harassments are common examples of email abuses. Terrorist groups and criminal gangs are also using email systems as a safe channel for their communication. The alarming increase in the number of cybercrime incidents using email is mostly due to the fact that email can be easily anonymized. The problem of email authorship attribution is to identify the most plausible author of an anonymous email from a group of potential suspects. Most previous contributions employed a traditional classification approach, such as decision tree and Support Vector Machine (SVM), to identify the author and studied the effects of different writing style features on the classification accuracy. However, little attention has been given on ensuring the quality of the evidence. In this work, we introduce an innovative data mining method to capture the write-print of every suspect and model it as combinations of features that occur frequently in the suspect's emails. This notion is called frequent pattern, which has proven to be effective in many data mining applications, but has not been applied to the problem of authorship attribution. Unlike traditional approaches, the extracted write-print by our method is unique among the suspects and, therefore, provides convincing and credible evidence for presenting it in a court of law. Experiments on real-life emails suggest that the proposed method can effectively identify the author and the results are supported by a strong evidence.qscienc

Computer-aided detection of simultaneous abdominal organ from CT images based on iterative watershed transform

The interpretation of medical images benefits from anatomical and physiological priors to optimize computer-aided diagnosis applications. Segmentation of the liver, spleen, and kidneys is regarded as a major primary step in computer-aided diagnosis of abdominal organ diseases. In this paper, a semi-automated method for medical image data is presented for abdominal organ segmentation data using mathematical morphology. Our proposed method is based on a hierarchical segmentation and watershed algorithm. In our approach, a powerful technique has been designed to suppress over-segmentation based on a mosaic image and on the computation of the watershed transform. Our algorithm is currently in two parts. In the first, we seek to improve the quality of the gradient-mosaic image. In this step, we propose a method for improving the gradient-mosaic image by applying the anisotropic diffusion filter followed by the morphological filters. Thereafter, we proceed to the hierarchical segmentation of the liver, spleen, and kidney. To validate the segmentation technique proposed, we have tested it on several images. Our segmentation approach is evaluated by comparing our results with the manual segmentation performed by an expert. The experimental results are described in the last part of this work

On Modelling and Analyzing Composite Resources’ Consumption Cycles using Time Petri-Nets

ICT community cornerstones (IoT in particular) gain competitive advantage from using physical resources. This paper adopts Time Petri-Nets (TPNs) to model and analyze the consumption cycles of composite resources. These resources consist of primitive, and even other composite, resources that are associated with consumption properties and could be subject to disruptions. These properties are specialized into unlimited, shareable, limited, limited-but-renewable, and non-shareable, and could impact the availability of resources. This impact becomes a concern when disruptions suspend ongoing consumption cycles to make room for the unplanned consumptions. Resuming the suspended consumption cycles depends on the resources’ consumption properties. To ensure correct modeling and analysis of consumption cycles, whether disrupted or not, TPNs are adopted to verify that composite resources are reachable, bound, fair, and live

Comparative analysis of the management of the results of the modeling and the simulation of the evaluation of the thermal energy of the greenhouse by a fuzzy logic controller between a wet region and an arid region

Currently the climate computer offers many benefits and solves problems related to the regulation, monitoring and controls. Greenhouse growers remain vigilant and attentive, facing this technological development. They ensure competitiveness and optimize their investments / production cost which continues to grow. The application of artificial intelligence in the industry known for considerable growth, which is not the case in the field of agricultural greenhouses, where enforcement remains timid. It is from this fact, we undertake research work in this area and conduct a simulation based on meteorological data through MATLAB Simulink to finally analyze the thermal behavior greenhouse microclimate energy. In this paper we present comparison of modeling and simulation management of the greenhouse microclimate by fuzzy logic between a wetland (Dar El Beida Algeria) and the other arid (Biskra Algeria).Actualmente la computadora climática ofrece muchos beneficios y resuelve problemas relacionados con la regulación, monitoreo y controles. Los productores de invernadero permanecen vigilantes y atentos frente a este desarrollo tecnológico. Aseguran la competitividad y optimizan sus inversiones / coste de producción que sigue creciendo. La aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en la industria destaca por un crecimiento considerable, que no es el caso en el campo de los invernaderos agrícolas, donde la aplicación sigue siendo tímida. Es a partir de este hecho, que emprendemos un trabajo de investigación en esta área y realizamos una simulación basada en datos meteorológicos a través de MATLAB Simulink para finalmente analizar el comportamiento térmico de la energía del microclima de efecto invernadero. En este trabajo presentamos una comparación de la gestión de modelado y simulación del microclima de invernadero por lógica difusa entre un humedal (Dar El Beida Argelia) y otro árido (Biskra Argelia)

Two dimensional magnetic manipulation of microdroplets on a chip

In this paper we describe the two-dimensional (2D) magnetic manipulation of aqueous droplets suspended in silicone oil over the chip surface. The magnetic actuation is based on the force imposed on superparamagnetic microparticles inside the droplets. These can be displaced, merged, mixed and separated by changing the topology of the magnetic field created by a multilayer set of coils. The magnetic manipulation forces are generated on our chip without the use of external moving magnets. Our results demonstrate the potential of the proposed system in droplet-based biomedical analysis methods on a chip

Towards model-based management of database fragmentation

The performance of a database can significantly deteriorate due to the fragmentation of data/index files. Manual database defragmentation and performance optimization remain time consuming and even infeasible as it requires knowledge of the complicated behavior of fragmentation and its relationships with system parameters. We propose a model-based detection and management framework for the database fragmentation which can automatically optimize database performance, detect the fault existence, estimate its future impact on system performance and recover the system back to normal. A predictive controller is designed to take proper actions to guarantee the QoS and remedy faults. Experimental studies on a realistic test-bed show the applicability and effectiveness of our approach. 8th International Workshop on Feedback Computing 2013. All rights reserved.This paper was made possible by NPRP grant # NPRP 09-778-2299 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu

Analysis and Design of Modified Incremental Conductance-Based MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic System

This study discusses the design of the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique for photovoltaic (PV) systems employing a modified incremental conductance (IncCond) algorithm to extract maximum power from a PV module. A PV module, a DC-DC converter, and a resistive load constitute the PV system. In the scientific literature, it is well-documented that typical MPPT algorithms have significant drawbacks, such as fluctuations around the MPP and poor tracking during a sudden change in atmospheric conditions. To solve the deficiencies of conventional methodology, a novel modified IncCond method is proposed in this study. The simulation results demonstrate that the updated IncCond algorithm presented allows for less oscillation around the maximum power point (MPP), a rapid dynamic response, and superior performance