Erros mais comuns e fatores de risco na administração de medicamentos em unidades básicas de saúde Errores mas comunes y factores de riesgo en la administración de medicamentos en las unidades básicas de salud Common errors and risk factors in medicine administration at basic health units

Este estudo identificou e analisou as opiniões de enfermeiros e profissionais de enfermagem sobre os fatores de risco mais comuns à ocorrência dos erros na administração de medicamentos, as conseqüências, intervenções tomadas e medidas que minimizariam essa ocorrência. Para tanto, aplicou-se um instrumento para coleta de dados contendo questões sobre as opiniões de profissionais de enfermagem, atuantes em Unidades Básicas de Saúde de uma cidade do interior paulista. Os resultados indicaram que os fatores de risco associados ao próprio profissional foram a falta de atenção e dificuldade de entender prescrições médicas. As intervenções tomadas estão relacionadas à punição e educação e as propostas para minimizar as ocorrências dos erros foram a orientação e reciclagem dos profissionais envolvidos.<br>Este estudio, de carácter cuantitativo, identificó y analizó los factores de riesgo mas comunes para la aparición de errores durante la administración de medicamentos, las consecuencias y medidas que disminuían la ocurrencia de los mismos, según las opiniones de los profesionales de enfermería de las unidades básicas de salud de una cuidad del interior de São Paulo. Los factores de riesgo asociados al propio profesional fueron la falta de atención y dificultad para entender las prescripciones médicas. Las intervenciones tomadas frente al error fueron el castigo, y la educación. Dentro de las propuestas para disminuir las ocurrencias de errores para este grupo de personas fueron la orientación, y la educación de los profesionales involucrados.<br>The present study identified and analyzed the opinions of nurses and nursing professionals about the more common risk factors regarding errors in medicine administration as well as the consequences, interventions and measures to minimize this problem. Therefore, the authors applied an instrument of data collection with questions on the opinions of the nursing professionals who work at the Basic Health Units from a city of the state of São Paulo. Results showed that the risk factors associated to the professional were lack of attention and difficulty to understand medical prescriptions. The interventions were related to punishment and education and the proposals to minimize the occurrences were orientation and up-date of the involved professionals

Autoantibodies targeting G protein-coupled receptors: an evolving history in autoimmunity. Report of the 4th international symposium

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Functional autoantibodies targeting GPCRs have been associated with multiple disease manifestations in this context. Here we summarize and discuss the relevant findings and concepts presented in the biennial International Meeting on autoantibodies targeting GPCRs (the 4th Symposium), held in Lübeck, Germany, 15-16 September 2022. The symposium focused on the current knowledge of these autoantibodies' role in various diseases, such as cardiovascular, renal, infectious (COVID-19), and autoimmune diseases (e.g., systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus). Beyond their association with disease phenotypes, intense research related to the mechanistic action of these autoantibodies on immune regulation and pathogenesis has been developed, underscoring the role of autoantibodies targeting GPCRs on disease outcomes and etiopathogenesis. The observation repeatedly highlighted that autoantibodies targeting GPCRs could also be present in healthy individuals, suggesting that anti-GPCR autoantibodies play a physiologic role in modeling the course of diseases. Since numerous therapies targeting GPCRs have been developed, including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies designed for treating cancer, infections, metabolic disorders, or inflammatory conditions, anti-GPCR autoantibodies themselves can serve as therapeutic targets to reduce patients' morbidity and mortality, representing a new area for the development of novel therapeutic interventions

The generation and utilization of a cancer-oriented representation of the human transcriptome by using expressed sequence tags.

Whereas genome sequencing defines the genetic potential of an organism, transcript sequencing defines the utilization of this potential and links the genome with most areas of biology. To exploit the information within the human genome in the fight against cancer, we have deposited some two million expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from human tumors and their corresponding normal tissues in the public databases. The data currently define approximately 23,500 genes, of which only approximately 1,250 are still represented only by ESTs. Examination of the EST coverage of known cancer-related (CR) genes reveals that &amp;lt;1% do not have corresponding ESTs, indicating that the representation of genes associated with commonly studied tumors is high. The careful recording of the origin of all ESTs we have produced has enabled detailed definition of where the genes they represent are expressed in the human body. More than 100,000 ESTs are available for seven tissues, indicating a surprising variability of gene usage that has led to the discovery of a significant number of genes with restricted expression, and that may thus be therapeutically useful. The ESTs also reveal novel nonsynonymous germline variants (although the one-pass nature of the data necessitates careful validation) and many alternatively spliced transcripts. Although widely exploited by the scientific community, vindicating our totally open source policy, the EST data generated still provide extensive information that remains to be systematically explored, and that may further facilitate progress toward both the understanding and treatment of human cancers

The elephant in the room? Problematizing ‘new’ (neoliberal) biodiversity conservation

As argued recently in Forum for Development Studies, a ‘back to the barriers’ approach to biodiversity conservation is again prevalent, after some two decades of emphasis on ‘community-based’ initiatives. This involves the establishment and expansion of national parks from which people are variously excluded. In this article, however, I suggest that community-based approaches such as Community-Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) remain important, and in many ways simply constitute the other side of the same coin of modern conservation practice under the political and economic, and cultural, value-frame of neoliberalism. My aim is to highlight some shared conceptualisations and rationalisations regarding perceptions of ‘the environment’ and of people–environment relationships that inform both of these two broad-brush policy and practical orientations towards ‘biodiversity conservation’. The article thus draws on a Foucaultian analytics to ‘problematise’ the contemporary and globalising neoliberal episteme within which both these approaches are produced; and to open a space where orientations (towards ‘the environment’) that are ‘othered’ and thereby silenced by this frame might be articulated