Tradisi Upacara Kematian Pada Masyarakat Nahdhiyyin Dalam Tinjauan Agama Dan Adat

Setelah Nabi Muhammad saw wafat (570-632 M)1 dan Islam mulai melakukan kontak dengan dunia luar, ajaran Islam kemudian ditafsirkan oleh pemeluknya secara herbeda akibat perbedaan kehidupan sosialnya. Penafsiran yang berbeda itu melahirkan keragaman pemahaman di bidang Syariah dan Akidah, terutama terkait dengan persoalan yang belum pernah muncul pada masa Nabi Muhammad saw, di antaranya tentang praktik keagamaan yang disebut dengan istilah Islam populer. Perdebatan ulama dalam menyikapi praktik keagamaan populer kemudian menjadi salah salu tema dalam studi Islam. Di antara praktik keagamaan populer dalam masyarakat Islam yang menjadi perhatian ulama tentang upacara siklus kehidupan dan jiarah makam tokoh yang diyakini sebagai wali Allah untuk mendapatkan berkah. Banyak praktek keagamaan popular dalam masyarakat Islam yang telah dilakukan dalam praktek keagamaan popular itu cukup beragam, antara lain adalah sebagai berikut; Islam lokal lawan dari Islam universal, Islam praktis lawan dari Islam tekstual, Islam rakyat lawan dari Islam ulama, Islam simbolik lawan dari Islam normatif, Islam popular lawan dari Islam ofisial, tradisi kecil lawan dari tradisi besar, Islam nyata lawan dari Islam normatif. Oleh karena itu dalam tulisan ini akan mengupas dari salah satu keragaman tradisi kematian yang ada di Indonesia khususnya yang dilakukan oleh warga Nahdiyin

A Violência no Local de Trabalho em Instituições de Saúde: Um Estudo Monocêntrico sobre Causas, Consequências e Estratégias de Prevenção

Introduction: Workplace violence is one of the main risk factors in the professional world. Healthcare workers are at higher risk when compared to other sectors. Our study aimed to characterize physical and verbal violence in a public hospital and to define occupational health prevention and surveillance strategies. Material and Methods: Single center observational cross-sectional study, carried amongst healthcare workers in a public hospital in Lisbon. A qualitative survey was carried out through six in-depth interviews. A quantitative survey was carried through questionnaires delivered to 32 workers. A significance level of 5% was accepted in the assessment of statistical differences. The Mann-Whitney test and the Fisher’s exact test were used to calculate p values. Results: The main results are: (1) 41 violence incidents were reported in the quantitative phase; (2) 5/21 [23.81%] victims notified the incident to the occupational health department; (3) 18/21 [85.71%] victims reported a permanent state of hypervigilance; (4) 22/28 [78.57%] participants self-reported poor or no familiarity with internal reporting procedures; (5) 24/28 [85.71%] participants believed it is possible to minimize workplace violence. Discussion: Workplace violence is favored by unrestricted access to working areas, absence of security guards and police officers or scarce intervention. The low notification rate contributes to organizational lack of action. The state of hypervigilance reported in our study reflects the negative effects of threatening occupational stressors on mental health. Conclusion: Our results show that workplace violence is a relevant risk factor that significantly impacts workers’ health in a noxious manner, deserving a tailored occupational health approach whose priority areas and strategies have been determined.Introdução: A violência no local de trabalho é um dos principais fatores de risco no mundo do trabalho. Os trabalhadores da saúde apresentam um risco superior. O nosso estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a violência física e verbal num hospital público e definir estratégias de prevenção e vigilância em saúde ocupacional. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal monocêntrico, conduzido num hospital público em Lisboa com trabalhadores da saúde. Foi realizado um inquérito qualitativo com entrevistas em profundidade a seis trabalhadores e um inquérito quantitativo com questionários a 32 trabalhadores. Aceitou-se um nível de significância de 5% na avaliação das diferenças estatísticas. O teste de Mann-Whitney e o teste exato de Fisher foram usados para calcular os valores de p. Resultados: Os principais resultados são: (1) 41 episódios reportados na fase quantitativa; (2) 5/21 [23,81%] vítimas notificaram o incidente; (3) 18/21 [85.71%] vítimas reportaram estados de hipervigilância permanente; (4) 22/28 [78,57%] participantes não conheciam ou conheciam mal os procedimentos de notificação; (5) 24/28 [85,71%] consideravam possível minimizar o problema. Discussão: A violência é favorecida pelo acesso livre às zonas de trabalho, ausência de agentes de segurança e polícia ou falta da respetiva intervenção. A baixa notificação contribui para a ausência de medidas organizacionais. O estado de hipervigilância relatado reflete o efeito prejudicial da exposição a fontes de stress e ameaça. Conclusão: A violência no local de trabalho é um fator de risco relevante, com impacto negativo na saúde dos trabalhadores e merece uma abordagem individualizada no âmbito da saúde ocupacional, cujas áreas e estratégias prioritárias foram definidas neste estudo. Palavras-chave: Fatores de Risco Profissionais; Prevenção; Saúde Ocupacional; Trabalhadores da Saúde; Violência no Local de trabalho.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An integrated physical map of 2072 SSRs Loci (gSSR and EST-SSRs) in bread wheat

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências da Educação (Educação e Formação de Adultos e Intervenção Comunitária) apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de CoimbraO presente estudo teve como objectivo principal estudar o bem-estar dos alunos das Universidades Seniores para melhor compreender a problemática do envelhecimento activo e bem-sucedido. Especificamente procurámos investigar as relações existentes entre o bem-estar dos seniores com algumas variáveis como: o sentido da vida, a atenção mindfulness, a auto-eficácia, a auto-estima e a perspectiva temporal, bem como variáveis sociodemográficas. Para a realização deste estudo foi utilizado um plano não experimental correlacional, sendo os dados recolhidos por questionário com recurso aos seguintes instrumentos: MAAS, MLQ, Escalas PALADIN (saúde, educação, finanças, actividade e cidadania), ROS, SWLS, PANAS, ZTPI, PTFT. A amostra foi constituída por 214 alunos de 7 Universidades Seniores, com idades compreendidas entre os 51 e os 84 anos. Nos principais resultados obtidos verificámos que o bem-estar encontra-se associado à auto-eficácia para a auto-direcção nos domínios da saúde, educação, finanças, actividade e cidadania, bem como à presença e procura de sentido na vida, à atenção mindfulness, às orientações temporais relativas ao passado negativo, ao presente fatalista e ao futuro transcendental. A nível da perspectiva temporal, identificaram-se ainda alguns sujeitos desta amostra com uma Perspectiva Temporal Equilibrada; os resultados obtidos permitem-nos reforçar a ideia de que os seniores com este padrão de perfil são pessoas com qualidades raras na amostra global (n=214) uma vez que só foi possível encontrar 8 seniores nessas condições. No que respeita às variáveis sociodemográficas, verificámos que a idade não é relevante para o bem-estar, ao contrário do rendimento mensal e que o estado civil indica que as pessoas divorciadas têm uma afectividade positiva significativamente superior à dos solteiros, não tendo sido encontradas diferenças significativas entre os outros grupos.The present study aims to analyze the well-being of students of Senior Universities to better understand the problematic of the active and successful aging. Specifically, we investigated the existing relationships between the well-being of seniors with variables such as the meaning-in-life, the mindfulness attention, the self-efficacy, the self-esteem, the time perspective, and socio-demographic factors. In order to perform this study we carried out a non-experimental correlational design, in which the following instruments were used: MAAS, MLQ, PALADIN scales (health, education, finances, activity and citizenship), ROS, SWLS, PANAS, ZTPI, PTFT. The sample consisted of 214 students of 7 Senior Universities, whose ages were comprised between 51 to 84 years-old. Our main results indicate that well-being is associated to the self-efficacy in self-direction in areas such as health, education, finances, activity and citizenship, as well as to the presence and search for meaning-in-life, mindfulness attention, time orientation in relation to the past negative, present fatalistic and transcendental future. At the level of time perspective, we identified some subjects of this sample to have a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP). Our results allow us to reinforce the idea that seniors with a BTP are people with rare qualities in the global sample (n=214) as we could only find 8 seniors in these conditions. In relation to socio-demographic variables, we verified that age is not relevant to the well-being. On the other hand, the monthly income showed to be significantly correlated with well-being and civil status point to divorced people having the positive affect significantly higher than single people. We did not find significant differences among the other groups

Participatory women’s groups and counseling through home visits to improve child growth in rural eastern India: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial

Background: Childhood stunting (low height-for-age) is a marker of chronic undernutrition and predicts children’s subsequent physical and cognitive development. An estimated 52 million children in India are stunted. There is a broad consensus on determinants of child undernutrition and interventions to address it, but a lack of operational research testing strategies to increase the coverage of these interventions in high burden areas. Our study aims to assess the impact, costeffectiveness, and scalability of a community intervention involving a government-proposed community-based worker to improve growth in children under two

Lingulodinium machaerophorum expansion over the last centuries in the Caspian Sea reflects global warming

This article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright @ Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.We analysed dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in four short sediment cores, two of them dated by radionuclides, taken in the south basin of the Caspian Sea. The interpretation of the four sequences is supported by a collection of 27 lagoonal or marine surface sediment samples. A sharp increase in the biomass of the dinocyst occurs after 1967, especially owing to Lingulodinium machaerophorum. Considering nine other cores covering parts or the whole of Holocene, this species started to develop in the Caspian Sea only during the last three millennia. By analysing instrumental data and collating existing reconstructions of sea level changes over the last few millennia, we show that the main forcing of the increase of L. machaerophorum percentages and of the recent dinocyst abundance is global climate change, especially sea surface temperature increase. Sea level fluctuations likely have a minor impact. We argue that the Caspian Sea has entered the Anthropocene

Pengaruh Massa dan Ukuran Partikel Adsorben Sabut Kelapa terhadap Efisiensi Penyisihan Fe pada Air Gambut

Peat water is surface water are blackish brown and metals Fe which requires effective and efficient processing to be worthy for use by the public. Various types of adsorbents continue to be developed, one of which is the coconut fiber adsorbent. The purpose of this study was to determine metal removal efficiency of Fe in the peat water, calculating the adsorption capacity and determine the appropriate type of isotherm. Fixed variables used in this study is the stirring speed of 150 rpm and a contact time of 60 minutes. For independent variables used consisted of adsorbent mass variation of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 g and a particle size variation 100, 140 and 200 mesh. Removal efficiency of Fe metal concentrations higher 84.67% by mass of adsorbent 2 g with a particle size of 200 mesh. Metal adsorption capacity of Fe achieved the highest on the mass of 0.5 grams with a particle size of 200 mesh amounted to 0.09596 mg Fe / g. Types of adsorption isotherms corresponding to Fe by coconut fiber adsorbents is Freundlich isotherm with R2 values of 0.9783 for Fe

Assessment of heavy metals in Lake Uluabat, Turkey

The accumulation of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, B, As) was measured in water, plankton and sediment samples taken from different areas of Lake Uluabat during January 2003 to February 2004.The sequential extraction used in this study is useful to assess the potential mobility of heavy metals in the sediment indirectly. In this study, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni and Zn concentrations were detected at higherlevels at Lake Uluabat for selected stations, especially in plankton samples. The magnitude of heavy metal concentrations in water and plankton samples was determined as B>Zn>As>Cd>Pb>Ni>Cr andZn>Ni>Cu>Cr>Cd>Pb, respectively. The mobile heavy metals in sediment samples were sequences as Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd>Zn, whereas the magnitude of easily mobilizable metal concentration was determinedas Pb>Ni>Cr>Cu>Cd>Zn. Concentration of Cu and Cr in mobile fraction is detected higher than in easily mobilizable fraction. Concentration of Pb, Cd, Zn and Ni in mobile fraction is detected in lower levels than in easily mobilizable fraction

Fault Diagnosis in DSL Networks using Support Vector Machines

The adequate operation for a number of service distribution networks relies on the e�ective maintenance and fault management of their underlay DSL infrastructure. Thus, new tools are required in order to adequately monitor and further diagnose anomalies that other segments of the DSL network cannot identify due to the pragmatic issues raised by hardware or software misconfigurations. In this work we present a fundamentally new approach for classifying known DSL-level anomalies by exploiting the properties of novelty detection via the employment of one-class Support Vector Machines (SVMs). By virtue of the imbalance residing in the training samples that consequently lead to problematic prediction outcomes when used within two-class formulations, we adopt the properties of one-class classification and construct models for independently identifying and classifying a single type of a DSL-level anomaly. Given the fact that the greater number of the installed Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs) within the DSL network of a large European ISP were misconfigured, thus unable to accurately flag anomalous events, we utilize as inference solutions the models derived by the one-class SVM formulations built by the known labels as flagged by the much smaller number of correctly configured DSLAMs in the same network in order to aid the classification aspect against the monitored unlabelled events. By reaching an average over 95% on a number of classification accuracy metrics such as precision, recall and F-score we show that one-class SVM classifiers overcome the biased classification outcomes achieved by the traditional two-class formulations and that they may constitute as viable and promising components within the design of future network fault management strategies. In addition, we demonstrate their superiority over commonly used two-class machine learning approaches such as Decision Trees and Bayesian Networks that has been used in the same context within past solutions. Keywords: Network management, Support Vector Machines, supervised learning, one-class classifiers, DSL anomalie