Hemoperitoneum in a Cow with Lumbar Muscle Hemangiosarcoma

Background: Hemangiosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of endothelial cells with an infiltrative growth pattern. Hemangiosarcomas are frequently reported in canines and rare in felines, sheep, goats, swine, horses and cattle. Few cases of hemangiosarcoma were reported in cattle. In the present report, we describe the clinicopathological findings of a bovine muscle hemangiosarcoma.Case: A 6-year-old, Girolando cow from the Dairy Cattle Sector of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, presented sternal decubitus. Clinical signs were markedly pale mucous membranes, moderate dehydration, respiratory distress, and increased heart rate. The hematological examination revealed intense regenerative anemia. Due to the worsening of the clinical condition, the cow was submitted to euthanasia. The necropsy and collection of various fragments of organs were performed, which were sent to the “Setor de Anatomia Patológica” (SAP-UFRRJ). Tissues were fixed in 10 % buffered formalin, routinely processed for histology and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). The external mucous membranes were markedly pale. Multifocal areas of 1.5 x 1.0 cm, irregular and dark red were observed dissecting the quadratus lumborum muscle (hemangiosarcoma) fibers. These neoplasms were associated with an extensive cruoric clot adhered to the muscle fibers. The extensive, red, friable mass measured approximately 76 x 55 x 20 cm on the serous surfaces of the organs of the peritoneal cavity (hemoperitoneum). The spleen was moderately reduced. The bone marrow was markedly pale. Histologically, it was observed that there was an extensive proliferation of endothelial cells in the quadratus lumbar muscle mass dissecting the epimysium and perimysium. Endothelial cells had moderate pleomorphism, organized in vascular channels and forming multifocally solid areas with a significant amount of eosinophilic fibrillar material (fibrin). Sections of muscle neoplasm were subjected to immunohistochemistry with anti-von Willebrand factor primary antibody, which showed a multifocal moderate cytoplasmic immunolabeling of neoplastic endothelial cells.Discussion: There are few reports of striated muscle hemangiosarcoma in cattle. Muscular hemangiosarcomas were reported in a 4-month-old calf in the left cervical trapezius muscle and a 6-year-old Holstein cow with left pelvic limb mass lateral and distal to the knee. Some reports presented hemangiosarcoma in the iliopsoas muscle, left cervical trapezius muscle, pelvic limb muscles and right cervical muscle of the bovine. In the presented report, hemoperitoneum occurred as a result of hemorrhages from muscle hemangiosarcoma. Other studies have demonstrated cavity hemorrhages in joint, pelvic, pleural and cranial cavities associated with hemangiosarcoma. Hemangiosarcoma with regenerative anemia must be distinguished from other diseases that cause anemia. The main differential diagnoses of bovine with anemia are vena cava syndrome, coumarin derivatives poisoning, acute poisoning by Pteridium spp., tick fever, anaplasmosis, babesiosis and trypanosomiasis. Hemangiosarcoma should be differentiated from other lesions as hemangioma, vascular tumor of lymphatic endothelium and perivascular wall tumors. Cases with poorly differentiated morphology should be submitted for immunohistochemistry. In the present hemangiosarcoma case, we have used the von Willebrand factor for immunohistochemistry diagnosis. Expression of angiogenic growth factors such as CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) have also been used in the diagnosis of vascular proliferation lesions. Hemangiosarcoma in cattle should be included mainly in the differential diagnosis of diseases that cause acute anemia in cattle.Keywords: cattle, neoplasia, hemangiosarcoma, hemoperitoneum, anemia

Cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) decrease visceral fat, yet augment glucose in dyslipidemic rats

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of roasted Cashew nuts consumption on biochemical and murinometric parameters in dyslipidemic rats receiving lipid supplementation. Young male rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 10). The Control group (CONT) was treated with water, the Dyslipidemic group (DL) received a high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, and the Dyslipidemic Cashew Nuts group (DLCN) received the same high fat content emulsion throughout the experiment, yet was treated with Cashew nuts. Body parameters, biochemical, hepatic and fecal fatty acid profiles were all evaluated. The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in the DL and DLCN groups as compared to the control group. DLCN and CONT presented no difference in HDL levels. DLCN presented higher glycemia levels than the other groups. There was reduction of body fat in DLCN as compared to other groups, but with higher accumulations of liver fat. DLCN presented a reduction in saturated hepatic fatty acids of 20.8%, and an increase of 177% in relation to CONT; there was also a 21% in increase DL for ω9 fatty acids in comparison to CONT. As for fecal fatty acids, there was a lower concentration of polysaturates in DLCN as compared to the other groups. The data showed that the consumption of Cashew nuts by the dyslipidemic animals treated with a hyperlipidic diet induced greater accumulations of liver fat and worsened glycemic levels, despite having reduced visceral fats and increased fecal fat excretion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Compressa Refrescante Profilática à base de Camomila para Pacientes Radioterápicos / Prophylactic Chamomile-based Refreshing Compress for Radiation Therapy Patients

Com o aumento da incidência de doenças oncológicas e a demanda da assistência de enfermagem para tais pacientes devido ao desconforto causados pelo seu tratamento radioterápico. Objetivo: Formular um protótipo de uma compressa refrescante à base de camomila, para aplicar em pacientes oncológicos, que se submetem à radioterapia, como forma profilática ou como tratamento para as radiodermatites. Metodologia: Essa compressa foi confeccionada com tecido de algodão crú, tecido impermeável aquablock, TNT, e tecido de fibra siliconada preenchendo o interior da compressa junto com o gel à base de camomila. Resultados: A compressa refrescante à base de camomila, foi feita com materiais de baixo custo, confeccionada de forma manual, constatando que terapias alternativas, podem ser realizadas com mais frequência, pois sua realização é de fácil acesso, podendo trazer muitos benefícios aos pacientes e podendo abranger a todos tipos, com comprovação científica da sua eficácia. Conclusão: Com o aumento da incidência e novos casos de câncer acometendo a população, essas medidas são fundamentais para ser prestado uma assistência de enfermagem centrada na humanização e qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico, com embasamento científico que disponibiliza vários recursos que abrange a área das terapias alternativas, por isso elaboramos uma compressa refrescante à base de camomila, assim podendo trazer um conforto e alívio para os pacientes radioterápicos

A pós-graduação e a pesquisa sobre/na educação básica: relações e proposições

Resumo O presente estudo problematiza as bases das relações entre a pós-graduação e a educação básica tal como formuladas no Plano Nacional de Pós-Graduação 2011-2020 (PNPG). Trata-se de estudo documental associado à análise de dados quantitativos/qualitativos sobre a produção acadêmica, tendo como corpus teses e dissertações defendidas em programas de pós-graduação conceituados pela Capes com nota igual ou superior a 5, no período de 2000-2010, a saber: PUC/RJ, PUC/RS, PUC/SP, Uerj, Ufes, UFF, UFG, UFMG, UFPEL, UFPR, UFRJ, UFRGS, UFRN, Ufscar, UFU, Unesp/MAR, Unicamp, Unimep, Unisinos, USP. O texto está organizado em três eixos de análise: panorama das políticas para pós-graduação desenhadas a partir da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes); diretrizes para a educação básica que figuram no PNPG 2011-2020; produções acadêmicas sobre políticas educacionais no período de 2000-2010 e possíveis contribuições para a compreensão da realidade da educação básica. A análise sobre a produção acadêmica dos programas de pós-graduação em educação revelou-se estratégica tanto para os estudos na área das políticas educacionais, quanto para a sua agenda, permitindo problematizar os diagnósticos da escassa acumulação de conhecimento em educação. Evidenciou-se que muito do que se tem produzido está voltado para o entendimento da realidade educacional brasileira, tendo a educação básica como foco principal